Hibernate，JPA注解@DynamicInsert和@DynamicUpdate，Hibernate如何插入sysdate

@DynamicInsert属性:设置为true,设置为true,表示insert对象的时候,生成动态的insert语句,如果这个字段的值是null就不会加入到insert语句当中.默认false。

比如希望数据库插入日期或时间戳字段时，在对象字段为空的情况下，表字段能自动填写当前的sysdate。

@DynamicUpdate属性:设置为true,设置为true,表示update对象的时候,生成动态的update语句,如果这个字段的值是null就不会被加入到update语句中,默认false。

比如只想更新某个属性，但是却把整个对象的属性都更新了，这并不是我们希望的结果，我们希望的结果是：我更改了哪些字段，只要更新我修改的字段就够了。

@DynamicInsert

用例代码如下：

• 数据库DDL语句：

create table CAT
(
  id          VARCHAR2(32 CHAR) not null,
  create_time TIMESTAMP(6) default sysdate,
  update_time TIMESTAMP(6),
  cat_name    VARCHAR2(255 CHAR)
)

• hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration
 PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN"
 "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <!-- 数据库驱动配置 -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</property>
        <property name="connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl</property>
        <property name="connection.username">wxuatuser</property>
        <property name="connection.password">xlh</property>
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <!-- 自动执行DDL属性是update，不是true -->
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        <!-- hibernate实体类 -->
        
        <mapping class="a2_DynamicInsert_Update.Cat"/>
        
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

• java类

实体类 - 基类 

package model;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.MappedSuperclass;
import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;

/**
 * 实体类 - 基类
 */
@MappedSuperclass
public class BaseEntity implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -6718838800112233445L;

    private String id;// ID
    private Date create_time;// 创建日期
    private Date update_time;// 修改日期
    @Id
    @Column(length = 32, nullable = true)
    @GeneratedValue(generator = "uuid")
    @GenericGenerator(name = "uuid", strategy = "uuid")
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Column(updatable = false)
    public Date getCreate_time() {
        return create_time;
    }
    public void setCreate_time(Date create_time) {
        this.create_time = create_time;
    }

    public Date getUpdate_time() {
        return update_time;
    }

    public void setUpdate_time(Date update_time) {
        this.update_time = update_time;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return id == null ? System.identityHashCode(this) : id.hashCode();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (this == obj) {
            return true;
        }
        if (obj == null) {
            return false;
        }
        if (getClass().getPackage() != obj.getClass().getPackage()) {
            return false;
        }
        final BaseEntity other = (BaseEntity) obj;
        if (id == null) {
            if (other.getId() != null) {
                return false;
            }
        } else if (!id.equals(other.getId())) {
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
}

实体类

package a2_DynamicInsert_Update;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import model.BaseEntity;
import org.hibernate.annotations.DynamicInsert;
import org.hibernate.annotations.DynamicUpdate;

@Entity
@DynamicInsert
@DynamicUpdate
public class Cat extends BaseEntity{
    /**
     * 实体类
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -2776330321385582872L;
    
    private String cat_name;

    public String getCat_name() {
        return cat_name;
    }

    public void setCat_name(String cat_name) {
        this.cat_name = cat_name;
    }
}

Dao

package daoUtil;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;

public class HibernateUtil {

    private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    static {
        try {
            Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
            ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder()
                    .applySettings(cfg.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
            sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
        } catch (Throwable ex) {
            // Log exception!
            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
        }
    }

    public static Session getSession() throws HibernateException {
        return sessionFactory.openSession();
    }

    public static Object save(Object obj){
        Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
        Transaction tx = null;
        try {
            tx = session.beginTransaction();
            session.save(obj);
            tx.commit();
        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
            if (tx != null) {
                tx.rollback();
            }
            throw e;
        } finally {
            session.close();
        }
        return obj;
    }
    
    public static void delete(Class<?> clazz,String id){
        Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
        Transaction tx = null;
        try {
            tx = session.beginTransaction();
            Object obj = session.get(clazz,id);
            session.delete(obj);
            tx.commit();
        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
            if (tx != null) {
                tx.rollback();
            }
            throw e;
        } finally {
            session.close();
        }
    }
}

main

package a2_DynamicInsert_Update;
import a2_DynamicInsert_Update.Cat;
import daoUtil.HibernateUtil;

public class Test_DynamicInsert {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Cat cat = new Cat();
        cat.setCat_name("test2@DynamicInsert");
        HibernateUtil.save(cat);
    }
}

@DynamicInsert注解下Hibernate日志打印SQL：

Hibernate: insert into Cat (cat_name, id) values (?, ?)

反之

Hibernate: insert into Cat (create_time, update_time, cat_name, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?)

@DynamicUpdate

写了个main程序测试：代码如下：

• 数据库DML语句：

insert into CAT (ID, CAT_NAME, CREATE_TIME, UPDATE_TIME)
values ('8a6cc5a34c456829014c45682a860000', 'test@555', SYSDATE, SYSDATE);

• hibernate.cfg.xml 同上

• java类

实体类,Dao 同上。

main

package a2_DynamicInsert_Update;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import daoUtil.HibernateUtil;

public class Test_DynamicUpdate {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
        Transaction tx = null;
        try {
            tx = session.beginTransaction();
            Cat cat = (Cat)session.get(Cat.class, "8a6cc5a34c6e7f32014c6e7f33500000");
            cat.setCat_name("test@DynamicUpdate");
            tx.commit();
        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
            if (tx != null) {
                tx.rollback();
            }
            throw e;
        } finally {
            session.close();
        }
        
    }
}

Cat实体类@DynamicUpdate注解下Hibernate日志打印SQL：

说明：如果字段有更新，Hibernate才会对该字段进行更新

Hibernate: update Cat set update_time=? where id=?

反之Cat实体类去掉@DynamicUpdate

说明：不管字段有没有更新，Hibernate都会对该字段进行更新

Hibernate: update Cat set update_time=?, cat_name=? where id=?

Hibernate在执行更新操作前，会比对一下当前Session上下文中的对象与需要更新的对象数据是否一致，也就是说会确认数据有没有变化，没变化的话，无论写多少次session.update(cat)，都不会执行更新操作。

源码地址：http://files.cnblogs.com/files/xiluhua/hibernate%40DynamicInsert_Update.rar

环境：JDK1.6，MAVEN