C#事件の事件聚合器

事件聚合器用于集中管理事件的订阅（Subscribe）和处理（Handle），要使用事件聚合器，首先要理解：事件（event）本质上是一个类。

传统的+=和-=不足：

1、管理很麻烦；2、不方便扩展。

所以尝试使用事件聚合器来解决这个问题。

首先，使用一个统一的接口来实现事件的统一标记：

public interface IEvent{  }

事件，需要有对应的事件处理器（EventHandler），这里使用一个统一的接口 IEventHandler 来进行统一，IEventHandler 只包含一个处理事件的方法 Handle

public interface IEventHandler<in TEvent> where TEvent: class, IEvent
{
    void Handler(TEvent @event);
}

事件聚合器接口 IEventAggregator 需要包含至少两个方法：订阅（Subscribe）和发布（Publish）

public interface IEventAggregator
{
    void Subscribe<TEvent>(IEventHandler<TEvent> handler) where TEvent : class, IEvent;
    void Publish<TEvent>(TEvent @event) where TEvent : class, IEvent;
}

接下来是实现这个接口：EventAggregator

举例：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace EventAggregatorTest
{
    public interface IEvent { }

    public interface IEventHandler<in TEvent> where TEvent : class, IEvent
    {
        void Handler(TEvent @event);
    }

    public interface IEventAggregator
    {
        void Subscribe<TEvent>(IEventHandler<TEvent> handler) where TEvent : class, IEvent;
        void Publish<TEvent>(TEvent @event) where TEvent : class, IEvent;
    }

    public class EventAggregator : IEventAggregator
    {
        // 所有的 event 和 对应的 handler 都注册在这个字典里
        private readonly Dictionary<Type, List<object>> _eventHandlers = new Dictionary<Type, List<object>>();

        public void Subscribe<TEvent>(IEventHandler<TEvent> handler) where TEvent : class, IEvent
        {
            var eventType = typeof(TEvent);
            if (_eventHandlers.ContainsKey(eventType))
            {
                var handlers = _eventHandlers[eventType];
                if (handlers != null)
                {
                    handlers.Add(handler);
                }
                else
                {
                    handlers = new List<object> { handler };
                }
            }
            else
            {
                _eventHandlers.Add(eventType, new List<object> { handler });
            }
        }

        public void Publish<TEvent>(TEvent @event) where TEvent : class, IEvent
        {
            var eventType = @event.GetType();
            if (_eventHandlers.ContainsKey(eventType)
                && _eventHandlers[eventType] != null
                && _eventHandlers[eventType].Count > 0)
            {
                var handlers = _eventHandlers[eventType];
                foreach (var handler in handlers)
                {
                    var eventHandler = handler as IEventHandler<TEvent>;
                    eventHandler?.Handler(@event);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public class MealDoneEvent : IEvent
    {
        public string DishName { get; private set; }

        public MealDoneEvent(string dishName)
        {
            DishName = dishName;
        }
    }

    public class MealDoneEventHandler : IEventHandler<MealDoneEvent>
    {
        private readonly string _name;

        public MealDoneEventHandler(string name)
        {
            _name = name;
        }

        #region Implementation of IEventHandler<in MealDoneEvent>

        public void Handler(MealDoneEvent @event)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{_name} 正在 {@event.DishName}");
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

调用：

using EventAggregatorTest;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace EventAggregatorDemo
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var eventAggregator = new EventAggregator();

            eventAggregator.Subscribe(new MealDoneEventHandler("张三"));
            eventAggregator.Subscribe(new MealDoneEventHandler("李四"));
            eventAggregator.Subscribe(new MealDoneEventHandler("王五"));

            eventAggregator.Publish(new MealDoneEvent("吃大餐"));

            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}