648. Replace Words 替换单词

 In English, we have a concept called root, which can be followed by some other words to form another longer word - let's call this word successor. For example, the root an, followed by other, which can form another word another.

Now, given a dictionary consisting of many roots and a sentence. You need to replace all the successor in the sentence with the root forming it. If a successor has many roots can form it, replace it with the root with the shortest length.

You need to output the sentence after the replacement.

Example 1:

Input: dict = ["cat", "bat", "rat"]
sentence = "the cattle was rattled by the battery"
Output: "the cat was rat by the bat"

Note:

1. The input will only have lower-case letters.
2. 1 <= dict words number <= 1000
3. 1 <= sentence words number <= 1000
4. 1 <= root length <= 100
5. 1 <= sentence words length <= 1000 

在英语中，我们有一个叫做“根”的概念，可以用其他一些词来形成另一个更长的单词 - 让我们称之为“后继者”。例如，根an，其次是另一个词。
现在，给一个由许多根和一个句子组成的词典。你需要用形成它的根来替换句子中的所有后继者。如果后继有很多根可以形成它，用最短的根替换它。

/**
 * @param {string[]} dict
 * @param {string} sentence
 * @return {string}
 */
class Trie {
    constructor() {
        this.nodes = {};
    }
    insert(word) {
        let node = this.nodes, cur;
        for (let i = 0; i < word.length; i++) {
            cur = word[i];
            if (!node[cur]) {
                node[cur] = {};
            }
            node = node[cur];
        }
        node.isWord = true;
    }
    match(prefix) {
        let node = this.nodes, cur;
        let res = ""
        for (let i = 0; i < prefix.length; i++) {
            cur = prefix[i];
            if (!node[cur]) return null;
            res += cur;
            node = node[cur];
            if (node.isWord) {
                return res;
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
}
var replaceWords = function (dict, sentence) {
    let tire = new Trie();
    for (let i in dict) {
        tire.insert(dict[i]);
    }
    let scentenctArr = sentence.split(/s/);
    for (let i in scentenctArr) {
        let res = tire.match(scentenctArr[i])
        if (res) {
            scentenctArr[i] = res;
        }
    }
    return scentenctArr.join(" ");
};
let dict = ["cat", "bat", "rat"];
let sentenct = "the cattle was rattled by the battery";
let res = replaceWords(dict, sentenct);
console.log(res);

来自为知笔记(Wiz)