树链剖分
强烈安利一个树链剖分入门讲解代码
(手动感谢这位神仙QWQ,窝才刚入门啊QAQ)
(最水的一篇博客,不接受反驳)
P3384 【模板】树链剖分
代码
#include<iostream> #include<cstdio> #include<algorithm> #include<cmath> #include<string> #include<cstring> #include<cstdlib> #include<queue> using namespace std; inline int read() { int ans=0; char last=' ',ch=getchar(); while(ch<'0'||ch>'9') last=ch,ch=getchar(); while(ch>='0'&&ch<='9') ans=ans*10+ch-'0',ch=getchar(); if(last=='-') ans=-ans; return ans; } const int maxn=1e5+10; int n,m,r,mod; int w[maxn],wt[maxn]; int fa[maxn],son[maxn],size[maxn],dfn[maxn],dep[maxn],top[maxn],tim=0; int sum[maxn<<2],laz[maxn<<2]; int head[maxn],cnt=0; struct node{ int nxt,to; }edge[maxn<<2]; inline void addedge(int a,int b) { edge[++cnt].to =b;edge[cnt].nxt =head[a];head[a]=cnt; edge[++cnt].to =a;edge[cnt].nxt =head[b];head[b]=cnt; } inline void dfs1(int u,int f) { fa[u]=f; son[u]=0; size[u]=1; for(int i=head[u];i;i=edge[i].nxt ) { int v=edge[i].to ; if(v!=f){ dfs1(v,u); size[u]+=size[v]; if(size[v]>size[son[u]]) son[u]=v; } } } inline void dfs2(int u,int f) { dfn[u]=++tim; dep[u]=dep[f]+1; top[u]=(u==son[f]?top[f]:u); wt[tim]=w[u]; if(son[u]!=0) dfs2(son[u],u); for(int i=head[u];i;i=edge[i].nxt ) { int v=edge[i].to ; if(v!=f&&v!=son[u]) dfs2(v,u); } } inline void build(int k,int l,int r) { if(l==r){ sum[k]=wt[l]; sum[k]%=mod; return ; } int mid=(l+r)>>1; build(k<<1,l,mid); build(k<<1|1,mid+1,r); sum[k]=(sum[k<<1]+sum[k<<1|1])%mod; } inline void pushdown(int k,int l,int r) { int mid=(l+r)>>1; laz[k<<1]+=laz[k]; laz[k<<1|1]+=laz[k]; sum[k<<1]=(sum[k<<1]+laz[k]*(mid-l+1))%mod; sum[k<<1|1]=(sum[k<<1|1]+laz[k]*(r-mid))%mod; laz[k]=0; } long long query(int k,int l,int r,int x,int y) { if(x<=l&&r<=y) return sum[k]%mod; int mid=(l+r)>>1; long long res=0; if(laz[k]!=0) pushdown(k,l,r); if(x<=mid) res+=query(k<<1,l,mid,x,y); if(mid<y) res+=query(k<<1|1,mid+1,r,x,y); return res; } inline void modify(int k,int l,int r,int x,int y,int v) { if(x<=l&&r<=y) { laz[k]+=v; sum[k]+=v*(r-l+1); return ; } else { int mid=(l+r)>>1; if(laz[k]!=0) pushdown(k,l,r); if(x<=mid) modify(k<<1,l,mid,x,y,v); if(mid<y) modify(k<<1|1,mid+1,r,x,y,v); sum[k]=(sum[k<<1]+sum[k<<1|1])%mod; } } inline void chrode(int x,int y,int v) { v%=mod; while(top[x]!=top[y]) { if(dep[top[x]]<dep[top[y]]) swap(x,y); modify(1,1,n,dfn[top[x]],dfn[x],v); x=fa[top[x]]; } if(dep[x]>dep[y]) swap(x,y); modify(1,1,n,dfn[x],dfn[y],v); } int qrode(int x,int y) { int ans=0; while(top[x]!=top[y]) { if(dep[top[x]]<dep[top[y]]) swap(x,y); ans=(ans+query(1,1,n,dfn[top[x]],dfn[x]))%mod; x=fa[top[x]]; } if(dep[x]>dep[y]) swap(x,y); ans=(ans+query(1,1,n,dfn[x],dfn[y]))%mod; return ans%mod; } inline void chson(int x,int v) { modify(1,1,n,dfn[x],dfn[x]+size[x]-1,v); } int qson(int x) { return query(1,1,n,dfn[x],dfn[x]+size[x]-1)%mod; } int main() { n=read();m=read();r=read();mod=read(); for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) w[i]=read(); int k,x,y,z; for(int i=1;i<n;i++){ x=read(),y=read(); addedge(x,y); } dfs1(r,0); dfs2(r,0); build(1,1,n); for(int i=1;i<=m;i++){ k=read(); if(k==1){ x=read();y=read();z=read(); chrode(x,y,z); } if(k==2){ x=read();y=read(); printf("%d ",qrode(x,y)); } if(k==3){ x=read();z=read(); chson(x,z); } if(k==4){ x=read(); printf("%d ",qson(x)); } } return 0; }