01: docker 基本使用

docker其他篇

1.1 docker基础返回顶部

　　 参考博客：https://blog.51cto.com/lizhenliang

　　1、什么是docker

　　　　　　1. Docker是使用最广泛的开源容器引擎

　　　　　　2. 一种操作系统基本的虚拟化技术

　　　　　　3. 一种简单的应用程序打包工具

　　　　　　4. 依赖Linux内核特性：Namespace(资源隔离) 和 Cgroup（资源限制）

　　　　　　注：每个容器拥有一套和宿主机完全隔离的文件系统（共用linux内核），程序在这个虚拟容器里运行，就好像在真实的物理机上运行一样。

　　　　　　容器：

　　　　　　　　1）容器是一个操作系统级别下的虚拟化技术，运行一个容器就行运行一个进程一样

　　　　　　　　2）容器依赖linux内核特性：Namespace（资源隔离）和Cgroups（资源限制）

　　　　　　资源隔离：

　　　　　　　　1）Linux Namespaces机制提供一种资源隔离方案，每个namespace看上去就像一个单独的Linux系统。

　　　　　　　　2）PID,IPC(进程通信),Network等系统资源不再是全局性的，而是属于某个特定的Namespace。

　　　　　　　　3）每个namespace下的资源对于其他namespace下的资源都是透明，不可见的。

　　　　　　　　4）系统中可以同时存在两个进程号为0,1,2的进程，由于属于不同的namespace，所以它们之间并不冲突。

　　　　　　　　5）而在用户层面上只能看到属于用户自己namespace下的资源，例如使用ps命令只能列出自己namespace下的进程。

　　　　　　　　6）这样每个namespace看上去就像一个单独的Linux系统。

　　　　　　资源限制：

　　　　　　　　1）为了让容器中的进程更加可控，Docker 使用 Linux cgroups 来限制容器中的进程允许使用的系统资源。

　　　　　　　　 2）可以在启动容器是指定每个容器可以使用的网络、磁盘、CPU以及内存等

　　2、docker思想

　　　　　　1. Docker的思想源于集装箱，集装箱解决了什么问题呢？
　　　　　　2. 在早期运输货物需要不同分类的船，例如运输水果的船，运输生活用品的船
　　　　　　3. 有了集装箱后，在大船上，可以把货物分类到不同的集装箱中，水果一个集装箱，生活用品一个集装箱
　　　　　　4. 它们之间互不影响，只要把货物封装好集装箱里，就可以把不同类的货物一起运走。
　　　　　　5. 通过Docker logo也可以看出所以然来，Docker就像大船，集装箱就是容器。
　　　　　　6. 一条鲸鱼拖着若干个集装箱的经典形象已经深入人心。

　　3、docker 与虚拟机比较

　　　　　　1. docker设计小巧，部署迁移快速，运行高效，按照应用隔离，管理人员可以看到所有容器的内容。

　　　　　　2. 虚拟化技术比较臃肿，需要先创建新的系统，按照系统隔离，管理员无法看到系统内部信息。

　　　　　　举例：

　　　　　　　　1）Docker就是手机中的各种APP，只需要一个系统就可以下载自己所需的应用

　　　　　　　　2）虚拟化技术相当于苹果手机安装一个庞大软件，这个软件上安装安卓系统、魅族系统等，每个系统上还要安装各类应用。

　　4、docker解决的问题

　　　　　　1. 高效的利用资源

　　　　　　2. 单台机器得部署多个应用；

　　　　　　3. 应用之间互相隔离（微服务）；

　　　　　　4. 应用之间不能发生资源抢占，每个应用只能使用事先注册申请的资源。

　　5、Docker架构

　　　　　　1. Docker客户端(Client): docker 命令行工具，用户也可以通过 REST API 与服务器通信

　　　　　　2. Docker服务器(Docker daemon): 服务器组件，以 Linux 后台服务的方式运行， Docker daemon 运行在 Docker host 上，负责创建、运行、监控容器，构建、存储镜像

　　　　　　3. Docker镜像(Image): 可将 Docker 镜像看着只读模板，通过它可以创建 Docker 容器

　　　　　　4. 镜像仓库(Registry): Registry 是存放 Docker 镜像的仓库，Registry 分私有和公有两种

　　　　　　5. Docker容器(Container): Docker 容器就是 Docker 镜像的运行实例

1.2 docker技术应用场景返回顶部

　　1、场景一：节省项目环境部署时间

　　　　 1）单项目打包

　　　　　　　　1. 每次部署项目到测试、生产等环境，都要部署一大堆依赖的软件、工具，时间久，出错概率大。

　　　　　　　　2. Docker主要理念就是环境打包部署，可在任意Docker Engine运行。

　　　　　　　　3. 我们只需要将每个项目环境打包到镜像，push到镜像仓库，当有需要部署这个项目时，
　　　　　　　　直接pull镜像启动容器，这个项目就可以访问了！一次构建多次部署，一劳永逸。

　　　　 2）整套项目打包

　　　　　　　　1. 比如有一个产品可以整套部署到客户那里，以往都是派一名实施工程师到客户那部署。

　　　　　　　　2. 如果用了Docker，我们可以前期将这套项目封装打包起来，实现一键部署，分分钟钟搞定，就不需要再派人过去了。比如官方的Docker Compose编排工具。

　　　　 3）新开源技术试用

　　　　　　　　1. 有时，我们想调研一些开源项目，我们可以直接从公共镜像仓库pull项目官方做好镜像启动容器即可。

　　2、场景二：环境一致性

　　　　　　1. 项目在开发电脑本地运行没问题，到了测试或生产环境就运行不起来。

　　　　　　2. Docker将项目环境打包成镜像，可以在任何Docker Engine部署。

　　3、场景三：持续集成

　　　　　　1. 一个项目版本快速迭代的测试场景，需要一个合理的CI（持续集成）/CD（持续部署）环境支撑。

　　　　　　2. CI/CD是一个周期性自动化项目测试流程，包括构建、部署、测试、发布等工作，很少需要人工干预。

　　　　　　3. Docker通过项目镜像构建和快速部署，打通测试环境与生产环境，高度保持多个环境之间一致性。

　　4、场景四：微服务

　　　　　　1. 微服务指尽可能细粒度拆分业务程序架构，由多个独立服务组成业务系统。

　　　　　　2. Docker容器作为这些独立服务的部署单元，每个服务单独部署到一个docker容器中。

1.3 docker安装返回顶部

　　1、docker安装参考官方文档

　　　　　　1. docker官方文档：https://docs.docker.com/

　　　　　　2. centos安装docker：https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/centos/

　　　　　　注：docker CE只支持 centos7 不支持centos6

　　2、docker安装

# 1）安装依赖包
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

# 2）添加Docker软件包源(否则doker安装的不是新版本)
yum-config-manager 
--add-repo 
https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

# 3）安装Docker CE
yum install -y docker-ce

# 4）启动Docker服务并设置开机启动
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker

# 5）测试docker是否安装成功（hello-world是官方提供的一个测试镜像）
docker run hello-world

# 6）查看docker基本信息
docker info
docker version

　　3、docker简单使用（创建一个ngixn容器）

 # 1、创建一个nginx容器
 docker run -it nginx
 
 # 2、查看docker运行的容器(可以获取到这个容器的id)
 docker ps
 
 # 3、访问这个容器
 # 进入这个nginx容器（进入的文件系统和宿主机是完全隔离的，有自己独立的文件系统）
 docker exec -it 73877e65c07d bash
 
 # 4、查看当前容器的 IP
 docker inspect 73877e65c07d   # 73877e65c07d是通过docekr ps查看到的容器ID
 curl 172.17.0.2               # 测试这个nginx容器是否可以访问

举例：创建一个nginx容器

　　4、docker默认是国外源可以设置成国内镜像源

root@linux-node1 django-docker]# vim /etc/docker/deamon.json    # 设置docker镜像源
{
    "registry-mirrors": ["http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"]
}
[root@linux-node2 ~]# systemctl restart docker                  # 重启docker生效

设置docker镜像源

1.4 镜像管理返回顶部

　　 参考博客： https://www.cnblogs.com/sparkdev/p/9092082.html

　　1、什么是docker镜像

　　　　　　1. docker镜像不包含Linux内核而又精简的Linux操作系统

　　　　　　2. docker镜像是一个分层存储的文件，一个镜像可以创建N个容器

　　　　　　3. 可以这么理解，docker 镜像是 docker 容器的静态视角，docker 容器是 docker 镜像的运行状态。

　　　　　　4. 容器只是对docker镜像的引用，如果docker镜像删除，此镜像创建的容器也都失效

　　2、docker镜像与容器的区别

　　　　　　1. 当由 ubuntu:14.04 镜像启动容器时，ubuntu:14.04 镜像的镜像层内容将作为容器的 rootfs；

　　　　　　2. 而 ubuntu:14.04 镜像的 json 文件，会由 docker daemon 解析，并提取出其中的容器执行入口 CMD 信息，
　　　　　　以及容器进程的环境变量 ENV 信息，最终初始化容器进程。

　　　　　　3. 当然，容器进程的执行入口来源于镜像提供的 rootfs。

　　3、rootfs

　　　　　　1. rootfs 是 docker 容器在启动时内部进程可见的文件系统，即 docker 容器的根目录。

　　　　　　2. rootfs 通常包含一个操作系统运行所需的文件系统，例如可能包含典型的类 Unix 操作系统中的目录系统，
　　　　　　如 /dev、/proc、/bin、/etc、/lib、/usr、/tmp 及运行 docker 容器所需的配置文件、工具等。

　　　　　　3. 在传统的 Linux 操作系统内核启动时，首先挂载一个只读的 rootfs，当系统检测其完整性之后，再将其切换为读写模式。

　　　　　　4. 而在 docker 架构中，当 docker daemon 为 docker 容器挂载 rootfs 时，沿用了 Linux 内核启动时的做法，即将 rootfs 设为只读模式。

　　　　　　5. 在挂载完毕之后，利用联合挂载(union mount)技术在已有的只读 rootfs 上再挂载一个读写层。

　　　　　　6. 这样，可读写的层处于 docker 容器文件系统的最顶层，其下可能联合挂载了多个只读的层，

　　　　　　7. 只有在 docker 容器运行过程中文件系统发生变化时，才会把变化的文件内容写到可读写层，并隐藏只读层中的旧版本文件。

　　4、容器读写层

　　　　　　1. 容器其实是在镜像的最上面加了一层读写层，在运行容器里文件改动时，会先从镜像里要写的文件复制到容器自己的文件系统中（读写层）。

　　　　　　2. 如果容器删除了，最上面的读写层也就删除了，改动也就丢失了。

　　　　　　3. 所以无论多少个容器共享一个镜像，所做的写操作都是从镜像的文件系统中复制过来操作的，并不会修改镜像的源文件

　　　　　　4. 若想持久化这些改动，可以通过docker commit 将容器保存成一个新镜像

[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker run -itd --name=web1 -p 192.168.56.14:81:80 nginx:latest
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker inspect web1
[
    {
        # 存储驱动
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/51692869029f819494bb402dc70aa2869b8d1848c3b65c549a010a260e44cc13-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/09fa1314e484781dfc1fb25a6cf5df2502fe35dea9025a373a3cb0202732ccce/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/162ec5c9be56e5d718011c09ed087eda04b755e1a68bd1953c60f175e6635e68/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7c1b27ff59a397ae7d6bd106db579e90476f57bb1ecef9fcb1a6f1ad5ce43b7c/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/51692869029f819494bb402dc70aa2869b8d1848c3b65c549a010a260e44cc13/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/51692869029f819494bb402dc70aa2869b8d1848c3b65c549a010a260e44cc13/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/51692869029f819494bb402dc70aa2869b8d1848c3b65c549a010a260e44cc13/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Ports": {
                "80/tcp": [
                    {
                        "HostIp": "192.168.56.14",
                        "HostPort": "81"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                }
            }
        }
    }
]
[root@linux-node4 diff]# cd /var/lib/docker/overlay2/51692869029f819494bb402dc70aa2869b8d1848c3b65c549a010a260e44cc13
[root@linux-node4 51692869029f819494bb402dc70aa2869b8d1848c3b65c549a010a260e44cc13]# ll    # 查看docker工作目录都哪些内容
diff  link  lower  merged  work
diff      # 读写层的差异（在读写层做的操作由这个容器单独管理）
merged    # 引用docker进行中的文件系统
work      # 项目工作目录

查看docker容器工作目录中内容

　　5、docker镜像从哪里来

　　　　　　1. Docker Hub是由Docker公司负责维护的公共注册中心，包含大量的容器镜像，Docker工具默认从这个公共镜像库下载镜像。

　　　　　　2. 地址：https://hub.docker.com/explore # docker官方镜像和使用方法参考地址

　　　　　　3. 配置镜像加速器：https://www.daocloud.io/mirror

　　　　　　　　　　[root@linux-node2 ~]# curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -s http://f1361db2.m.daocloud.io　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　 [root@linux-node2 ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json # 执行上面命令后就会将镜像源修改成国内的地址
　　　　　　　　　　 {"registry-mirrors": ["http://f1361db2.m.daocloud.io"]}

　　　　　　　　　　[root@linux-node2 ~]# systemctl restart docker # 重启docker生效

1.5 docker常用命令返回顶部

　　1、docker镜像管理常用命令

[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker help                           # 查看docker帮助
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker image --help                   # 查看 docker中 镜像相关帮助
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker image ls                       # 查看当前所有镜像
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker image inspect nginx            # 查看指定镜像（nginx镜像）详细信息
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker pull nginx:1.14                # 下载指定版本镜像 nginx
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker image rm nginx:1.14            # 删除nginx 1.14版本
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker image save nginx > nginx.tar   # 导出niginx镜像

　　2、docker创建容器常用命令

-d   # 后台运行容器，并返回容器ID；
-i   # 以交互模式运行容器，通常与 -t 同时使用；
-t   # 为容器重新分配一个伪输入终端，通常与 -i 同时使用；
-P   # 随机端口映射，容器内部端口随机映射到主机的高端口
-p   # 指定端口映射，格式为：主机(宿主)端口:容器端口
--name="nginx-lb"   # 为容器指定一个名称；
--dns 8.8.8.8       # 指定容器使用的DNS服务器，默认和宿主一致；

docker run 常用参数

--dns-search example.com: 指定容器DNS搜索域名，默认和宿主一致；

-h "mars": 指定容器的hostname；

-e username="ritchie": 设置环境变量；

--env-file=[]: 从指定文件读入环境变量；

--cpuset="0-2" or --cpuset="0,1,2": 绑定容器到指定CPU运行；

-m :设置容器使用内存最大值；

--net="bridge": 指定容器的网络连接类型，支持 bridge/host/none/container: 四种类型；

--link=[]: 添加链接到另一个容器；

--expose=[]: 开放一个端口或一组端口；

--volume , -v:    绑定一个卷

-a stdin: 指定标准输入输出内容类型，可选 STDIN/STDOUT/STDERR 三项；

docker run其他参数

[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker run --help                              # 查看创建容器帮助
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker run -it centos                          # 创建centos镜像并进入终端
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker run -d nginx                            # 后台启动nginx容器
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker stop 6bb09dce461f                       # 关闭一个容器
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker ps -l                                         # 查看最近运行的容器
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker run -itd centos                         # 启用一个伪终端守护centos容器
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker container run -d --name web3 -e test=123456 -p 8800:80 -h webhostname --restart always nginx
-d                   # 后台启动nginx容器
--name web3          # 自定义容器名字(默认会是一段随机字符串)
-e test=123456       # 启动容器添加变量 test=123456 (echo $test)
-p 8800:80           # 宿主机的8800端口映射到docker容器的80端口中
-h webhostname       # docker容器主机名 (a300f394af88)
--restart always     # 宿主机重启自动拉起这个docker容器
nginx                # 使用这个nginx镜像启动容器
注：http://192.168.56.12:8800/     访问这个docker  nginx
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker logs web                                 # 查看上面启动的web容器的日志
[root@linux-node4 diff]# docker exec -it web bash                        # 进入容器web

　　3、容器资源限制

　　　　1. 内存限额： 允许容器最多使用500M内存和100M的Swap，并禁用 OOM Killer

　　　　　　　　docker run -d --name nginx03 --memory="500m" --memory-swap="600m" --oom-kill-disable nginx

　　　　2. CPU限额：

　　　　　　　　docker run -d --name nginx04 --cpus="1.5" nginx # 允许容器最多使用一个半的CPU

　　　　　　　　docker run -d --name nginx05 --cpus=".5" nginx # 允许容器最多使用50%的CPU

　　4、docker管理容器常用命令

　　　　　　　　docker ps # 仅列出当前运行的容器
　　　　　　　　docker ps -l # 列出最新创建得容器
　　　　　　　　docker ps -a # 列出素有容器(包括未运行的)

　　　　　　　　docker inspect web4 # 列出指定容器的详细信息

　　　　　　　　#### 持久化容器

　　　　　　　　docker exec -it web4 bash # 进入容器web4中
　　　　　　　　touch 1.txt 2.txt # 对容器进行修改
　　　　　　　　docker commit web4 nginx:web4 # 将修改后的web4容器提交为一个新镜像 nginx:web4
　　　　　　　　docker images # 可以看到多了一个 TAG标记为 web4 的镜像
　　　　　　　　docker run -d --name web4-1 nginx:web4 # 使用刚刚提交的镜像web4创建一个容器web4-1
　　　　　　　　docker exec -it web4-1 bash # 进入web4-1的bash环境

　　　　　　　　#### 从宿主机复制文件到docker容器
　　　　　　　　docker cp nginx.tar web4-1:/home # 将宿主机nginx.tar文件拷贝到容器web4-1的/home目录中
　　　　　　　　docker exec -it web4-1 ls /home # 在容器web4-1中执行 "ls /home" 命令

　　　　　　　　#### 容器常用查询命令
　　　　　　　　docker logs web4-1 # 查看web4-1中控制台日志
　　　　　　　　docker port 55f870061ed9 # 查看指定容器端口映射
　　　　　　　　docker top 00f7ddc96622 # 查看容器中有哪些进程
　　　　　　　　docker stats 00f7ddc96622 # 查看容器资源使用情况

　　　　　　　　##### 启动、停止、删除容器
　　　　　　　　docker ps -a # 列出素有容器(包括未运行的)
　　　　　　　　docker start web # 启动容器web　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　docker stop web # 停止容器web
　　　　　　　　docker rm web

1.6 docker将数据挂载到容器的三种方式　返回顶部

　　1、Docker提供三种方式将数据从宿主机挂载到容器中

　　　　　　1）volumes：Docker管理宿主机文件系统的一部分（/var/lib/docker/volumes）保存数据的最佳方式。

　　　　　　2）bind mounts：将宿主机上的任意位置的文件或者目录挂载到容器中，就像软连接一样。

　　　　　　3）tmpfs：挂载存储在主机系统的内存中，而不会写入主机的文件系统（不常用）。

　　　　　　区别：
　　　　　　　　volume ： 是docker的宿主机文件系统一部分，只有docker可以进行更改，其他进程不能修改
　　　　　　　　bind mounts ： 是挂载在宿主机文件系统的任意位置，除了docker所有进程都可以进行修改、

　　2、管理卷
　　　　　　　　docker volume create nginx-vol # 创建一个数据卷 nginx-vol

　　　　　　　　docker volume ls # 查看宿主机数据卷信息

　　　　　　　　docker volume inspect nginx-vol # 查看 nginx-vol 这个数据卷详细信息

　　　　　　　　ls /var/lib/docker/volumes/nginx-vol/_data # 详细信息中会显示 nginx-vol 这个卷实际在宿主机位置

　　　　　　　　docker rm -f $(docker ps -a |awk '{print $1}') # 删除所有容器

　　3、volumes：将容器中的数据持久化到宿主机中

　　　　1）用卷创建一个容器：

　　　　　　　　docker run -d --name=nginx-test -p 88:80 --mount src=nginx-vol,dst=/usr/share/nginx/html nginx
　　　　　　　　　　　　run -d # 后台启动一个nginx容器
　　　　　　　　　　　　--name=nginx-test # 自定义容器名字(默认会是一段随机字符串)
　　　　　　　　　　　　-p 88:80 # 将宿主机的88端口映射到容器的80端口
　　　　　　　　　　　　--mount
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　src=nginx-vol, # 挂载数据卷名称nginx-vol
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　dst=/usr/share/nginx/html # 将/usr/share/nginx/html文件挂载到nginx-vol数据卷中
　　　　　　　　　　　　nginx # 使用这个nginx镜像启动容器

　　　　　　　　vim /var/lib/docker/volumes/nginx-vol/_data/index.html # 修改nginx的 index.html文件可以发现页面发生改变

　　　　　　　　http://192.168.56.12:88/

　　　　2）清理卷：
　　　　　　　　docker stop nginx-test # 关闭正在使用卷nginx-vol的容器nginx-test
　　　　　　　　docker rm nginx-test # 删除容器 nginx-test
　　　　　　　　docker volume rm nginx-vol # 删除卷 nginx-vol

　　4、bind mounts：将宿主机中的数据挂载到容器中

　　　　1）用卷创建一个容器：

　　　　　　　　docker run -d --name=nginx-test -p 88:80 --mount type=bind,src=/mnt/,dst=/usr/share/nginx/html nginx
　　　　　　　　　　　　run -d # 后台启动一个nginx容器
　　　　　　　　　　　　--name=nginx-test # 自定义容器名字(默认会是一段随机字符串)
　　　　　　　　　　　　-p 88:80 # 将宿主机的88端口映射到容器的80端口
　　　　　　　　　　　　--mount type=bind # 将/usr/share/nginx/html文件夹挂载到宿主机/mnt/文件夹中
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　src=/mnt/, # 宿主机中挂载目录 /mnt/
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　dst=/usr/share/nginx/html # 容器中/usr/share/nginx/html文件夹
　　　　　　　　　　　　nginx # 使用这个nginx镜像启动容器

　　　　　　　　docker exec -it nginx-test bash # 进入容器
　　　　　　　　cd /usr/share/nginx/html # 进入容器的挂载目录
　　　　　　　　echo "hello I come here" > index.html # 在目录中创建一个 index.html文件
　　　　　　　　http://192.168.56.12:88/ # 可以在页面访问到 index.html首页

　　　　　　　　vim /mnt/index.html # 修改 /mnt/index.html 就等同修改容器中的index.html页面

　　　　2）清理：
　　　　　　　　docker stop nginx-test # 关闭正在使用卷nginx-vol的容器nginx-test
　　　　　　　　docker rm nginx-test # 删除容器 nginx-test

　　　　注意：
　　　　　　　　1. 如果源文件/目录没有存在，不会自动创建，会抛出一个错误。
　　　　　　　　2. 如果挂载目标在容器中非空目录，则该目录现有内容将被隐藏。

　　5、Volume特点：
　　　　　　1. 多个运行容器之间共享数据。
　　　　　　2. 当容器停止或被移除时，该卷依然存在。
　　　　　　3. 多个容器可以同时挂载相同的卷。
　　　　　　4. 当明确删除卷时，卷才会被删除。
　　　　　　5. 将容器的数据存储在远程主机或其他存储上
　　　　　　6. 将数据从一台Docker主机迁移到另一台时，先停止容器，然后备份卷的目录（/var/lib/docker/volumes/）

　　6、Bind Mounts特点：
　　　　　　1. 从主机共享配置文件到容器。默认情况下，挂载主机/etc/resolv.conf到每个容器，提供DNS解析。
　　　　　　2. 在Docker主机上的开发环境和容器之间共享源代码。例如，可以将Maven target目录挂载到容器中，每次在Docker主机
　　　　　　上构建Maven项目时，容器都可以访问构建的项目包。
　　　　　　3. 当Docker主机的文件或目录结构保证与容器所需的绑定挂载一致时

1.7 容器网络

　　1、网络模式

　　　　• bridge（常用）
　　　　　　　　–net=bridge
　　　　　　　　默认网络，Docker启动后创建一个docker0网桥，默认创建的容器也是添加到这个网桥中。
　　　　• host（常用）
　　　　　　　　–net=host
　　　　　　　　容器不会获得一个独立的network namespace，而是与宿主机共用一个。这就意味着容器不会有自己的网卡信息，而是使用宿主
　　　　　　　　机的。容器除了网络，其他都是隔离的。
　　　　• none（不常用）
　　　　　　　　–net=none
　　　　　　　　获取独立的network namespace，但不为容器进行任何网络配置，需要我们手动配置。
　　　　• container（不常用）
　　　　　　　　–net=container:Name/ID
　　　　　　　　与指定的容器使用同一个network namespace，具有同样的网络配置信息，两个容器除了网络，其他都还是隔离的。
　　　　• 自定义网络（最佳方式）
　　　　　　　　与默认的bridge原理一样，但自定义网络具备内部DNS发现，可以通过容器名或者主机名容器之间网络通信。

'''开启Linux系统的IP转发功能 '''
# 1. 出于安全考虑，Linux系统默认是禁止数据包转发的。
# 2. 所谓转发即当主机拥有多于一块的网卡时，将收到的数据包转发给其他网卡
[root@linux-node4 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf 
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
[root@linux-node4 ~]# systemctl restart network
[root@linux-node4 ~]# sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward   # 输出为1时则证明是成功的

##### 1、下载busybox镜像用于测试
docker pull busybox                       # 下载一个测试镜像，一些工具都有了
docker run -it busybox                    # 进入busybox 默认 bash
docker run -it --net=host busybox         # 以 host 网络模式进入bash

##### 2、自定义网络模式
docker network create bs-test                     # 创建一个网络 bs-test
docker run -it --name bs3 --net bs-test busybox   # 创建容器bst加入网络bs-test
docker run -it --name bs4 --net bs-test busybox   # 创建容器bst加入网络bs-test
ping bs3                                          # 在bs3和bs4容器中可以通过主机名ping通
ping bs4
docker start bs3                                  # 启动容器bs3
docker exec -it bs3 sh                            # 进入bs3 bash环境


####3、container网络模式
docker run -itd --name bs -p 99:80 busybox         # 创建一个名字为bs的容器,并将宿主机99端口映射到80端口
docker run -d --name nginx01 --net container:bs nginx    # 使用nginx镜像创建一个容器名nginx01，加入到bs容器中
http://192.168.56.12:99/
docker exec -it bs sh                     
# 注：bs容器中虽然没有nginx服务，但是可以访问nginx服务，因为nginx01容器加入了

测试 自定义网络 和 container

1.8 Dockerfile: 构建nginx项目镜像返回顶部

'''1.DOckerfile常用命令 '''
FROM python:3.6                     # 指定拉取镜像版本
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1              # 不缓冲stdin、stdout和stderr，直接把输出重定向到文件
MAINITAINER zhangsan                # 指定作者
RUN mkdri /code                     # 运行的linux命令
WORKDIR /code                       # 指定项目工作根路径
ADD . /code/                        # 将宿主机文件复制到镜像中
COPY dj.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d      # docker内部文件拷贝
VOLUME ["/data1","/data2"]          # 将宿主机文件夹挂载到容器中
EXPOSE 8080                         # 暴露端口
CMD ["sh","/code/start.sh"]         # 容器启动时要运行的命令
CMD ["python", "manage.py", "runserver", "0:8000"]

'''2.生成镜像并运行容器'''
docker build -t nginx:v1 -f Dockerfile-nginx .         # 使用Dockerfile-nginx文件生成镜像 nginx:v1
docker push linux-node4.example.com/test/nginx:v1      # 推送镜像到harbor中
docker run -d -p 192.168.56.14:8000:8080 nginx:v1      # 运行docker容器

'''COPY与ADD指令比较 '''
#1.COPY指令：
能够将构建命令所在的主机本地的文件或目录，复制到镜像文件系统

#2.ADD指令：
不仅能够将构建命令所在的主机本地的文件或目录，复制到镜像文件系统
而且可以是一个 URL，这种情况下，Docker 引擎会试图去下载这个链接的文件放到 <目标路径> 去
所以，可以认为ADD是增强版的COPY，支持将远程URL的资源加入到镜像的文件系统
例：ADD http://example.com/big.tar.xz /usr/src/things/

COPY与ADD指令比较

　　1、使用 Dockerfile-nginx 文件构建一个基础镜像 nginx:v1

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER www.ctnrs.com
RUN yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make 
    openssl-devel pcre-devel gd-devel 
    iproute net-tools telnet wget curl && 
    yum clean all && 
    rm -rf /var/cache/yum/*
RUN wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.15.5.tar.gz && 
    tar zxf nginx-1.15.5.tar.gz && 
    cd nginx-1.15.5 && 
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx 
    --with-http_ssl_module 
    --with-http_stub_status_module && 
    make -j 4 && make install && 
    rm -rf /usr/local/nginx/html/* && 
    echo "ok" >> /usr/local/nginx/html/status.html && 
    cd / && rm -rf nginx-1.12.2* && 
    ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin
#COPY nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
WORKDIR /usr/local/nginx
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

Dockerfile-nginx

　　　　　　docker build -t nginx:v1 -f Dockerfile-nginx . # 使用 Dockerfile-nginx 文件构建一个基础镜像 nginx:v1

　　　　　　　　　　-t nginx:v1 # 指定版本tag=v1

　　　　　　　　　　-f Dockerfile-nginx # 指定dockerfile的名称

　　　　　　　　　　. # 指定上下文（比如配置文件在那个位置等）

　　　　　　docker images # 查看 nginx:v1 镜像是否创建成功

　　　　　　docker run -d --name nginx01 -p 88:80 nginx:v1 # 使用 nginx:v1 镜像创建一个容器 nginx01

　　　　　　http://192.168.56.12:88/status.html # 测试是否可以访问容器nginx01的web服务

　　2、使用nginx:v1 基础镜像构建一个项目镜像

　　　　　　vim Dockerfile

FROM nginx:v1
COPY index.html  /usr/local/nginx/html   # 需要在当前目录中创建index.html文件

　　　　　　docker build -t nginx:v2 -f Dockerfile . # 使用Dockerfile创建一个项目镜像 nginx:v2

　　　　　　docker run -d --name nginx02 -p 89:80 nginx:v2 # 使用 nginx:v2 创建一个容器 nginx02

　　　　　　http://192.168.56.12:89/ # 测试访问容器 nginx:v2中的nginx服务

1.9 Dockerfile: 构建php项目镜像返回顶部

　　1、使用 Dockerfile-nginx 文件构建一个基础镜像 nginx:v1

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER www.ctnrs.com
RUN yum install epel-release -y && 
    yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make gd-devel libxml2-devel 
    libcurl-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel openssl-devel 
    libmcrypt-devel libxslt-devel libtidy-devel autoconf 
    iproute net-tools telnet wget curl && 
    yum clean all && 
    rm -rf /var/cache/yum/*

RUN wget http://docs.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.36.tar.gz && 
    tar zxf php-5.6.36.tar.gz && 
    cd php-5.6.36 && 
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php 
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc 
    --enable-fpm --enable-opcache 
    --with-mysql --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysql 
    --with-openssl --with-zlib --with-curl --with-gd 
    --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir 
    --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --enable-hash && 
    make -j 4 && make install && 
    cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini && 
    cp sapi/fpm/php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && 
    sed -i "90a daemonize = no" /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && 
    mkdir /usr/local/php/log && 
    cd / && rm -rf php* && 
    ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/php/sbin
COPY php.ini /usr/local/php/etc/
COPY php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/
WORKDIR /usr/local/php
EXPOSE 9000
CMD ["php-fpm"]

Dockerfile-php

[PHP]

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; About php.ini   ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; PHP's initialization file, generally called php.ini, is responsible for
; configuring many of the aspects of PHP's behavior.

; PHP attempts to find and load this configuration from a number of locations.
; The following is a summary of its search order:
; 1. SAPI module specific location.
; 2. The PHPRC environment variable. (As of PHP 5.2.0)
; 3. A number of predefined registry keys on Windows (As of PHP 5.2.0)
; 4. Current working directory (except CLI)
; 5. The web server's directory (for SAPI modules), or directory of PHP
; (otherwise in Windows)
; 6. The directory from the --with-config-file-path compile time option, or the
; Windows directory (C:windows or C:winnt)
; See the PHP docs for more specific information.
; http://php.net/configuration.file

; The syntax of the file is extremely simple.  Whitespace and lines
; beginning with a semicolon are silently ignored (as you probably guessed).
; Section headers (e.g. [Foo]) are also silently ignored, even though
; they might mean something in the future.

; Directives following the section heading [PATH=/www/mysite] only
; apply to PHP files in the /www/mysite directory.  Directives
; following the section heading [HOST=www.example.com] only apply to
; PHP files served from www.example.com.  Directives set in these
; special sections cannot be overridden by user-defined INI files or
; at runtime. Currently, [PATH=] and [HOST=] sections only work under
; CGI/FastCGI.
; http://php.net/ini.sections

; Directives are specified using the following syntax:
; directive = value
; Directive names are *case sensitive* - foo=bar is different from FOO=bar.
; Directives are variables used to configure PHP or PHP extensions.
; There is no name validation.  If PHP can't find an expected
; directive because it is not set or is mistyped, a default value will be used.

; The value can be a string, a number, a PHP constant (e.g. E_ALL or M_PI), one
; of the INI constants (On, Off, True, False, Yes, No and None) or an expression
; (e.g. E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE), a quoted string ("bar"), or a reference to a
; previously set variable or directive (e.g. ${foo})

; Expressions in the INI file are limited to bitwise operators and parentheses:
; |  bitwise OR
; ^  bitwise XOR
; &  bitwise AND
; ~  bitwise NOT
; !  boolean NOT

; Boolean flags can be turned on using the values 1, On, True or Yes.
; They can be turned off using the values 0, Off, False or No.

; An empty string can be denoted by simply not writing anything after the equal
; sign, or by using the None keyword:

;  foo =         ; sets foo to an empty string
;  foo = None    ; sets foo to an empty string
;  foo = "None"  ; sets foo to the string 'None'

; If you use constants in your value, and these constants belong to a
; dynamically loaded extension (either a PHP extension or a Zend extension),
; you may only use these constants *after* the line that loads the extension.

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; About this file ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; PHP comes packaged with two INI files. One that is recommended to be used
; in production environments and one that is recommended to be used in
; development environments.

; php.ini-production contains settings which hold security, performance and
; best practices at its core. But please be aware, these settings may break
; compatibility with older or less security conscience applications. We
; recommending using the production ini in production and testing environments.

; php.ini-development is very similar to its production variant, except it is
; much more verbose when it comes to errors. We recommend using the
; development version only in development environments, as errors shown to
; application users can inadvertently leak otherwise secure information.

; This is php.ini-production INI file.

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Quick Reference ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; The following are all the settings which are different in either the production
; or development versions of the INIs with respect to PHP's default behavior.
; Please see the actual settings later in the document for more details as to why
; we recommend these changes in PHP's behavior.

; display_errors
;   Default Value: On
;   Development Value: On
;   Production Value: Off

; display_startup_errors
;   Default Value: Off
;   Development Value: On
;   Production Value: Off

; error_reporting
;   Default Value: E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_STRICT & ~E_DEPRECATED
;   Development Value: E_ALL
;   Production Value: E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT

; html_errors
;   Default Value: On
;   Development Value: On
;   Production value: On

; log_errors
;   Default Value: Off
;   Development Value: On
;   Production Value: On

; max_input_time
;   Default Value: -1 (Unlimited)
;   Development Value: 60 (60 seconds)
;   Production Value: 60 (60 seconds)

; output_buffering
;   Default Value: Off
;   Development Value: 4096
;   Production Value: 4096

; register_argc_argv
;   Default Value: On
;   Development Value: Off
;   Production Value: Off

; request_order
;   Default Value: None
;   Development Value: "GP"
;   Production Value: "GP"

; session.gc_divisor
;   Default Value: 100
;   Development Value: 1000
;   Production Value: 1000

; session.hash_bits_per_character
;   Default Value: 4
;   Development Value: 5
;   Production Value: 5

; short_open_tag
;   Default Value: On
;   Development Value: Off
;   Production Value: Off

; track_errors
;   Default Value: Off
;   Development Value: On
;   Production Value: Off

; url_rewriter.tags
;   Default Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,form=,fieldset="
;   Development Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"
;   Production Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"

; variables_order
;   Default Value: "EGPCS"
;   Development Value: "GPCS"
;   Production Value: "GPCS"

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; php.ini Options  ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Name for user-defined php.ini (.htaccess) files. Default is ".user.ini"
;user_ini.filename = ".user.ini"

; To disable this feature set this option to empty value
;user_ini.filename =

; TTL for user-defined php.ini files (time-to-live) in seconds. Default is 300 seconds (5 minutes)
;user_ini.cache_ttl = 300

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Language Options ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Enable the PHP scripting language engine under Apache.
; http://php.net/engine
engine = On

; This directive determines whether or not PHP will recognize code between
; <? and ?> tags as PHP source which should be processed as such. It is
; generally recommended that <?php and ?> should be used and that this feature
; should be disabled, as enabling it may result in issues when generating XML
; documents, however this remains supported for backward compatibility reasons.
; Note that this directive does not control the <?= shorthand tag, which can be
; used regardless of this directive.
; Default Value: On
; Development Value: Off
; Production Value: Off
; http://php.net/short-open-tag
short_open_tag = Off

; Allow ASP-style <% %> tags.
; http://php.net/asp-tags
asp_tags = Off

; The number of significant digits displayed in floating point numbers.
; http://php.net/precision
precision = 14

; Output buffering is a mechanism for controlling how much output data
; (excluding headers and cookies) PHP should keep internally before pushing that
; data to the client. If your application's output exceeds this setting, PHP
; will send that data in chunks of roughly the size you specify.
; Turning on this setting and managing its maximum buffer size can yield some
; interesting side-effects depending on your application and web server.
; You may be able to send headers and cookies after you've already sent output
; through print or echo. You also may see performance benefits if your server is
; emitting less packets due to buffered output versus PHP streaming the output
; as it gets it. On production servers, 4096 bytes is a good setting for performance
; reasons.
; Note: Output buffering can also be controlled via Output Buffering Control
;   functions.
; Possible Values:
;   On = Enabled and buffer is unlimited. (Use with caution)
;   Off = Disabled
;   Integer = Enables the buffer and sets its maximum size in bytes.
; Note: This directive is hardcoded to Off for the CLI SAPI
; Default Value: Off
; Development Value: 4096
; Production Value: 4096
; http://php.net/output-buffering
output_buffering = 4096

; You can redirect all of the output of your scripts to a function.  For
; example, if you set output_handler to "mb_output_handler", character
; encoding will be transparently converted to the specified encoding.
; Setting any output handler automatically turns on output buffering.
; Note: People who wrote portable scripts should not depend on this ini
;   directive. Instead, explicitly set the output handler using ob_start().
;   Using this ini directive may cause problems unless you know what script
;   is doing.
; Note: You cannot use both "mb_output_handler" with "ob_iconv_handler"
;   and you cannot use both "ob_gzhandler" and "zlib.output_compression".
; Note: output_handler must be empty if this is set 'On' !!!!
;   Instead you must use zlib.output_handler.
; http://php.net/output-handler
;output_handler =

; Transparent output compression using the zlib library
; Valid values for this option are 'off', 'on', or a specific buffer size
; to be used for compression (default is 4KB)
; Note: Resulting chunk size may vary due to nature of compression. PHP
;   outputs chunks that are few hundreds bytes each as a result of
;   compression. If you prefer a larger chunk size for better
;   performance, enable output_buffering in addition.
; Note: You need to use zlib.output_handler instead of the standard
;   output_handler, or otherwise the output will be corrupted.
; http://php.net/zlib.output-compression
zlib.output_compression = Off

; http://php.net/zlib.output-compression-level
;zlib.output_compression_level = -1

; You cannot specify additional output handlers if zlib.output_compression
; is activated here. This setting does the same as output_handler but in
; a different order.
; http://php.net/zlib.output-handler
;zlib.output_handler =

; Implicit flush tells PHP to tell the output layer to flush itself
; automatically after every output block.  This is equivalent to calling the
; PHP function flush() after each and every call to print() or echo() and each
; and every HTML block.  Turning this option on has serious performance
; implications and is generally recommended for debugging purposes only.
; http://php.net/implicit-flush
; Note: This directive is hardcoded to On for the CLI SAPI
implicit_flush = Off

; The unserialize callback function will be called (with the undefined class'
; name as parameter), if the unserializer finds an undefined class
; which should be instantiated. A warning appears if the specified function is
; not defined, or if the function doesn't include/implement the missing class.
; So only set this entry, if you really want to implement such a
; callback-function.
unserialize_callback_func =

; When floats & doubles are serialized store serialize_precision significant
; digits after the floating point. The default value ensures that when floats
; are decoded with unserialize, the data will remain the same.
serialize_precision = 17

; open_basedir, if set, limits all file operations to the defined directory
; and below.  This directive makes most sense if used in a per-directory
; or per-virtualhost web server configuration file.
; http://php.net/open-basedir
;open_basedir =

; This directive allows you to disable certain functions for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of function names.
; http://php.net/disable-functions
disable_functions =

; This directive allows you to disable certain classes for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of class names.
; http://php.net/disable-classes
disable_classes =

; Colors for Syntax Highlighting mode.  Anything that's acceptable in
; <span style="color: ???????"> would work.
; http://php.net/syntax-highlighting
;highlight.string  = #DD0000
;highlight.comment = #FF9900
;highlight.keyword = #007700
;highlight.default = #0000BB
;highlight.html    = #000000

; If enabled, the request will be allowed to complete even if the user aborts
; the request. Consider enabling it if executing long requests, which may end up
; being interrupted by the user or a browser timing out. PHP's default behavior
; is to disable this feature.
; http://php.net/ignore-user-abort
;ignore_user_abort = On

; Determines the size of the realpath cache to be used by PHP. This value should
; be increased on systems where PHP opens many files to reflect the quantity of
; the file operations performed.
; http://php.net/realpath-cache-size
;realpath_cache_size = 16k

; Duration of time, in seconds for which to cache realpath information for a given
; file or directory. For systems with rarely changing files, consider increasing this
; value.
; http://php.net/realpath-cache-ttl
;realpath_cache_ttl = 120

; Enables or disables the circular reference collector.
; http://php.net/zend.enable-gc
zend.enable_gc = On

; If enabled, scripts may be written in encodings that are incompatible with
; the scanner.  CP936, Big5, CP949 and Shift_JIS are the examples of such
; encodings.  To use this feature, mbstring extension must be enabled.
; Default: Off
;zend.multibyte = Off

; Allows to set the default encoding for the scripts.  This value will be used
; unless "declare(encoding=...)" directive appears at the top of the script.
; Only affects if zend.multibyte is set.
; Default: ""
;zend.script_encoding =

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Miscellaneous ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Decides whether PHP may expose the fact that it is installed on the server
; (e.g. by adding its signature to the Web server header).  It is no security
; threat in any way, but it makes it possible to determine whether you use PHP
; on your server or not.
; http://php.net/expose-php
expose_php = On

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Resource Limits ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Maximum execution time of each script, in seconds
; http://php.net/max-execution-time
; Note: This directive is hardcoded to 0 for the CLI SAPI
max_execution_time = 30

; Maximum amount of time each script may spend parsing request data. It's a good
; idea to limit this time on productions servers in order to eliminate unexpectedly
; long running scripts.
; Note: This directive is hardcoded to -1 for the CLI SAPI
; Default Value: -1 (Unlimited)
; Development Value: 60 (60 seconds)
; Production Value: 60 (60 seconds)
; http://php.net/max-input-time
max_input_time = 60

; Maximum input variable nesting level
; http://php.net/max-input-nesting-level
;max_input_nesting_level = 64

; How many GET/POST/COOKIE input variables may be accepted
; max_input_vars = 1000

; Maximum amount of memory a script may consume (128MB)
; http://php.net/memory-limit
memory_limit = 128M

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Error handling and logging ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; This directive informs PHP of which errors, warnings and notices you would like
; it to take action for. The recommended way of setting values for this
; directive is through the use of the error level constants and bitwise
; operators. The error level constants are below here for convenience as well as
; some common settings and their meanings.
; By default, PHP is set to take action on all errors, notices and warnings EXCEPT
; those related to E_NOTICE and E_STRICT, which together cover best practices and
; recommended coding standards in PHP. For performance reasons, this is the
; recommend error reporting setting. Your production server shouldn't be wasting
; resources complaining about best practices and coding standards. That's what
; development servers and development settings are for.
; Note: The php.ini-development file has this setting as E_ALL. This
; means it pretty much reports everything which is exactly what you want during
; development and early testing.
;
; Error Level Constants:
; E_ALL             - All errors and warnings (includes E_STRICT as of PHP 5.4.0)
; E_ERROR           - fatal run-time errors
; E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR  - almost fatal run-time errors
; E_WARNING         - run-time warnings (non-fatal errors)
; E_PARSE           - compile-time parse errors
; E_NOTICE          - run-time notices (these are warnings which often result
;                     from a bug in your code, but it's possible that it was
;                     intentional (e.g., using an uninitialized variable and
;                     relying on the fact it is automatically initialized to an
;                     empty string)
; E_STRICT          - run-time notices, enable to have PHP suggest changes
;                     to your code which will ensure the best interoperability
;                     and forward compatibility of your code
; E_CORE_ERROR      - fatal errors that occur during PHP's initial startup
; E_CORE_WARNING    - warnings (non-fatal errors) that occur during PHP's
;                     initial startup
; E_COMPILE_ERROR   - fatal compile-time errors
; E_COMPILE_WARNING - compile-time warnings (non-fatal errors)
; E_USER_ERROR      - user-generated error message
; E_USER_WARNING    - user-generated warning message
; E_USER_NOTICE     - user-generated notice message
; E_DEPRECATED      - warn about code that will not work in future versions
;                     of PHP
; E_USER_DEPRECATED - user-generated deprecation warnings
;
; Common Values:
;   E_ALL (Show all errors, warnings and notices including coding standards.)
;   E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE  (Show all errors, except for notices)
;   E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_STRICT  (Show all errors, except for notices and coding standards warnings.)
;   E_COMPILE_ERROR|E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR|E_ERROR|E_CORE_ERROR  (Show only errors)
; Default Value: E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_STRICT & ~E_DEPRECATED
; Development Value: E_ALL
; Production Value: E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT
; http://php.net/error-reporting
error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT

; This directive controls whether or not and where PHP will output errors,
; notices and warnings too. Error output is very useful during development, but
; it could be very dangerous in production environments. Depending on the code
; which is triggering the error, sensitive information could potentially leak
; out of your application such as database usernames and passwords or worse.
; For production environments, we recommend logging errors rather than
; sending them to STDOUT.
; Possible Values:
;   Off = Do not display any errors
;   stderr = Display errors to STDERR (affects only CGI/CLI binaries!)
;   On or stdout = Display errors to STDOUT
; Default Value: On
; Development Value: On
; Production Value: Off
; http://php.net/display-errors
display_errors = Off

; The display of errors which occur during PHP's startup sequence are handled
; separately from display_errors. PHP's default behavior is to suppress those
; errors from clients. Turning the display of startup errors on can be useful in
; debugging configuration problems. We strongly recommend you
; set this to 'off' for production servers.
; Default Value: Off
; Development Value: On
; Production Value: Off
; http://php.net/display-startup-errors
display_startup_errors = Off

; Besides displaying errors, PHP can also log errors to locations such as a
; server-specific log, STDERR, or a location specified by the error_log
; directive found below. While errors should not be displayed on productions
; servers they should still be monitored and logging is a great way to do that.
; Default Value: Off
; Development Value: On
; Production Value: On
; http://php.net/log-errors
log_errors = On

; Set maximum length of log_errors. In error_log information about the source is
; added. The default is 1024 and 0 allows to not apply any maximum length at all.
; http://php.net/log-errors-max-len
log_errors_max_len = 1024

; Do not log repeated messages. Repeated errors must occur in same file on same
; line unless ignore_repeated_source is set true.
; http://php.net/ignore-repeated-errors
ignore_repeated_errors = Off

; Ignore source of message when ignoring repeated messages. When this setting
; is On you will not log errors with repeated messages from different files or
; source lines.
; http://php.net/ignore-repeated-source
ignore_repeated_source = Off

; If this parameter is set to Off, then memory leaks will not be shown (on
; stdout or in the log). This has only effect in a debug compile, and if
; error reporting includes E_WARNING in the allowed list
; http://php.net/report-memleaks
report_memleaks = On

; This setting is on by default.
;report_zend_debug = 0

; Store the last error/warning message in $php_errormsg (boolean). Setting this value
; to On can assist in debugging and is appropriate for development servers. It should
; however be disabled on production servers.
; Default Value: Off
; Development Value: On
; Production Value: Off
; http://php.net/track-errors
track_errors = Off

; Turn off normal error reporting and emit XML-RPC error XML
; http://php.net/xmlrpc-errors
;xmlrpc_errors = 0

; An XML-RPC faultCode
;xmlrpc_error_number = 0

; When PHP displays or logs an error, it has the capability of formatting the
; error message as HTML for easier reading. This directive controls whether
; the error message is formatted as HTML or not.
; Note: This directive is hardcoded to Off for the CLI SAPI
; Default Value: On
; Development Value: On
; Production value: On
; http://php.net/html-errors
html_errors = On

; If html_errors is set to On *and* docref_root is not empty, then PHP
; produces clickable error messages that direct to a page describing the error
; or function causing the error in detail.
; You can download a copy of the PHP manual from http://php.net/docs
; and change docref_root to the base URL of your local copy including the
; leading '/'. You must also specify the file extension being used including
; the dot. PHP's default behavior is to leave these settings empty, in which
; case no links to documentation are generated.
; Note: Never use this feature for production boxes.
; http://php.net/docref-root
; Examples
;docref_root = "/phpmanual/"

; http://php.net/docref-ext
;docref_ext = .html

; String to output before an error message. PHP's default behavior is to leave
; this setting blank.
; http://php.net/error-prepend-string
; Example:
;error_prepend_string = "<span style='color: #ff0000'>"

; String to output after an error message. PHP's default behavior is to leave
; this setting blank.
; http://php.net/error-append-string
; Example:
;error_append_string = "</span>"

; Log errors to specified file. PHP's default behavior is to leave this value
; empty.
; http://php.net/error-log
; Example:
;error_log = php_errors.log
; Log errors to syslog (Event Log on Windows).
;error_log = syslog

;windows.show_crt_warning
; Default value: 0
; Development value: 0
; Production value: 0

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Data Handling ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; The separator used in PHP generated URLs to separate arguments.
; PHP's default setting is "&".
; http://php.net/arg-separator.output
; Example:
;arg_separator.output = "&amp;"

; List of separator(s) used by PHP to parse input URLs into variables.
; PHP's default setting is "&".
; NOTE: Every character in this directive is considered as separator!
; http://php.net/arg-separator.input
; Example:
;arg_separator.input = ";&"

; This directive determines which super global arrays are registered when PHP
; starts up. G,P,C,E & S are abbreviations for the following respective super
; globals: GET, POST, COOKIE, ENV and SERVER. There is a performance penalty
; paid for the registration of these arrays and because ENV is not as commonly
; used as the others, ENV is not recommended on productions servers. You
; can still get access to the environment variables through getenv() should you
; need to.
; Default Value: "EGPCS"
; Development Value: "GPCS"
; Production Value: "GPCS";
; http://php.net/variables-order
variables_order = "GPCS"

; This directive determines which super global data (G,P & C) should be
; registered into the super global array REQUEST. If so, it also determines
; the order in which that data is registered. The values for this directive
; are specified in the same manner as the variables_order directive,
; EXCEPT one. Leaving this value empty will cause PHP to use the value set
; in the variables_order directive. It does not mean it will leave the super
; globals array REQUEST empty.
; Default Value: None
; Development Value: "GP"
; Production Value: "GP"
; http://php.net/request-order
request_order = "GP"

; This directive determines whether PHP registers $argv & $argc each time it
; runs. $argv contains an array of all the arguments passed to PHP when a script
; is invoked. $argc contains an integer representing the number of arguments
; that were passed when the script was invoked. These arrays are extremely
; useful when running scripts from the command line. When this directive is
; enabled, registering these variables consumes CPU cycles and memory each time
; a script is executed. For performance reasons, this feature should be disabled
; on production servers.
; Note: This directive is hardcoded to On for the CLI SAPI
; Default Value: On
; Development Value: Off
; Production Value: Off
; http://php.net/register-argc-argv
register_argc_argv = Off

; When enabled, the ENV, REQUEST and SERVER variables are created when they're
; first used (Just In Time) instead of when the script starts. If these
; variables are not used within a script, having this directive on will result
; in a performance gain. The PHP directive register_argc_argv must be disabled
; for this directive to have any affect.
; http://php.net/auto-globals-jit
auto_globals_jit = On

; Whether PHP will read the POST data.
; This option is enabled by default.
; Most likely, you won't want to disable this option globally. It causes $_POST
; and $_FILES to always be empty; the only way you will be able to read the
; POST data will be through the php://input stream wrapper. This can be useful
; to proxy requests or to process the POST data in a memory efficient fashion.
; http://php.net/enable-post-data-reading
;enable_post_data_reading = Off

; Maximum size of POST data that PHP will accept.
; Its value may be 0 to disable the limit. It is ignored if POST data reading
; is disabled through enable_post_data_reading.
; http://php.net/post-max-size
post_max_size = 100M

; Automatically add files before PHP document.
; http://php.net/auto-prepend-file
auto_prepend_file =

; Automatically add files after PHP document.
; http://php.net/auto-append-file
auto_append_file =

; By default, PHP will output a media type using the Content-Type header. To
; disable this, simply set it to be empty.
;
; PHP's built-in default media type is set to text/html.
; http://php.net/default-mimetype
default_mimetype = "text/html"

; PHP's default character set is set to UTF-8.
; http://php.net/default-charset
default_charset = "UTF-8"

; PHP internal character encoding is set to empty.
; If empty, default_charset is used.
; http://php.net/internal-encoding
;internal_encoding =

; PHP input character encoding is set to empty.
; If empty, default_charset is used.
; http://php.net/input-encoding
;input_encoding =

; PHP output character encoding is set to empty.
; If empty, default_charset is used.
; See also output_buffer.
; http://php.net/output-encoding
;output_encoding =

; Always populate the $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA variable. PHP's default behavior is
; to disable this feature and it will be removed in a future version.
; If post reading is disabled through enable_post_data_reading,
; $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA is *NOT* populated.
; http://php.net/always-populate-raw-post-data
;always_populate_raw_post_data = -1

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Paths and Directories ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; UNIX: "/path1:/path2"
;include_path = ".:/php/includes"
;
; Windows: "path1;path2"
;include_path = ".;c:phpincludes"
;
; PHP's default setting for include_path is ".;/path/to/php/pear"
; http://php.net/include-path

; The root of the PHP pages, used only if nonempty.
; if PHP was not compiled with FORCE_REDIRECT, you SHOULD set doc_root
; if you are running php as a CGI under any web server (other than IIS)
; see documentation for security issues.  The alternate is to use the
; cgi.force_redirect configuration below
; http://php.net/doc-root
doc_root =

; The directory under which PHP opens the script using /~username used only
; if nonempty.
; http://php.net/user-dir
user_dir =

; Directory in which the loadable extensions (modules) reside.
; http://php.net/extension-dir
; extension_dir = "./"
; On windows:
; extension_dir = "ext"

; Directory where the temporary files should be placed.
; Defaults to the system default (see sys_get_temp_dir)
; sys_temp_dir = "/tmp"

; Whether or not to enable the dl() function.  The dl() function does NOT work
; properly in multithreaded servers, such as IIS or Zeus, and is automatically
; disabled on them.
; http://php.net/enable-dl
enable_dl = Off

; cgi.force_redirect is necessary to provide security running PHP as a CGI under
; most web servers.  Left undefined, PHP turns this on by default.  You can
; turn it off here AT YOUR OWN RISK
; **You CAN safely turn this off for IIS, in fact, you MUST.**
; http://php.net/cgi.force-redirect
;cgi.force_redirect = 1

; if cgi.nph is enabled it will force cgi to always sent Status: 200 with
; every request. PHP's default behavior is to disable this feature.
;cgi.nph = 1

; if cgi.force_redirect is turned on, and you are not running under Apache or Netscape
; (iPlanet) web servers, you MAY need to set an environment variable name that PHP
; will look for to know it is OK to continue execution.  Setting this variable MAY
; cause security issues, KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING FIRST.
; http://php.net/cgi.redirect-status-env
;cgi.redirect_status_env =

; cgi.fix_pathinfo provides *real* PATH_INFO/PATH_TRANSLATED support for CGI.  PHP's
; previous behaviour was to set PATH_TRANSLATED to SCRIPT_FILENAME, and to not grok
; what PATH_INFO is.  For more information on PATH_INFO, see the cgi specs.  Setting
; this to 1 will cause PHP CGI to fix its paths to conform to the spec.  A setting
; of zero causes PHP to behave as before.  Default is 1.  You should fix your scripts
; to use SCRIPT_FILENAME rather than PATH_TRANSLATED.
; http://php.net/cgi.fix-pathinfo
;cgi.fix_pathinfo=1

; if cgi.discard_path is enabled, the PHP CGI binary can safely be placed outside
; of the web tree and people will not be able to circumvent .htaccess security.
; http://php.net/cgi.dicard-path
;cgi.discard_path=1

; FastCGI under IIS (on WINNT based OS) supports the ability to impersonate
; security tokens of the calling client.  This allows IIS to define the
; security context that the request runs under.  mod_fastcgi under Apache
; does not currently support this feature (03/17/2002)
; Set to 1 if running under IIS.  Default is zero.
; http://php.net/fastcgi.impersonate
;fastcgi.impersonate = 1

; Disable logging through FastCGI connection. PHP's default behavior is to enable
; this feature.
;fastcgi.logging = 0

; cgi.rfc2616_headers configuration option tells PHP what type of headers to
; use when sending HTTP response code. If set to 0, PHP sends Status: header that
; is supported by Apache. When this option is set to 1, PHP will send
; RFC2616 compliant header.
; Default is zero.
; http://php.net/cgi.rfc2616-headers
;cgi.rfc2616_headers = 0

; cgi.check_shebang_line controls whether CGI PHP checks for line starting with #!
; (shebang) at the top of the running script. This line might be needed if the
; script support running both as stand-alone script and via PHP CGI<. PHP in CGI
; mode skips this line and ignores its content if this directive is turned on.
; http://php.net/cgi.check-shebang-line
;cgi.check_shebang_line=1

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; File Uploads ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Whether to allow HTTP file uploads.
; http://php.net/file-uploads
file_uploads = On

; Temporary directory for HTTP uploaded files (will use system default if not
; specified).
; http://php.net/upload-tmp-dir
;upload_tmp_dir =

; Maximum allowed size for uploaded files.
; http://php.net/upload-max-filesize
upload_max_filesize = 100M

; Maximum number of files that can be uploaded via a single request
max_file_uploads = 20

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Fopen wrappers ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Whether to allow the treatment of URLs (like http:// or ftp://) as files.
; http://php.net/allow-url-fopen
allow_url_fopen = On

; Whether to allow include/require to open URLs (like http:// or ftp://) as files.
; http://php.net/allow-url-include
allow_url_include = Off

; Define the anonymous ftp password (your email address). PHP's default setting
; for this is empty.
; http://php.net/from
;from="john@doe.com"

; Define the User-Agent string. PHP's default setting for this is empty.
; http://php.net/user-agent
;user_agent="PHP"

; Default timeout for socket based streams (seconds)
; http://php.net/default-socket-timeout
default_socket_timeout = 60

; If your scripts have to deal with files from Macintosh systems,
; or you are running on a Mac and need to deal with files from
; unix or win32 systems, setting this flag will cause PHP to
; automatically detect the EOL character in those files so that
; fgets() and file() will work regardless of the source of the file.
; http://php.net/auto-detect-line-endings
;auto_detect_line_endings = Off

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Dynamic Extensions ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; If you wish to have an extension loaded automatically, use the following
; syntax:
;
;   extension=modulename.extension
;
; For example, on Windows:
;
;   extension=msql.dll
;
; ... or under UNIX:
;
;   extension=msql.so
;
; ... or with a path:
;
;   extension=/path/to/extension/msql.so
;
; If you only provide the name of the extension, PHP will look for it in its
; default extension directory.
;
; Windows Extensions
; Note that ODBC support is built in, so no dll is needed for it.
; Note that many DLL files are located in the extensions/ (PHP 4) ext/ (PHP 5)
; extension folders as well as the separate PECL DLL download (PHP 5).
; Be sure to appropriately set the extension_dir directive.
;
;extension=php_bz2.dll
;extension=php_curl.dll
;extension=php_fileinfo.dll
;extension=php_gd2.dll
;extension=php_gettext.dll
;extension=php_gmp.dll
;extension=php_intl.dll
;extension=php_imap.dll
;extension=php_interbase.dll
;extension=php_ldap.dll
;extension=php_mbstring.dll
;extension=php_exif.dll      ; Must be after mbstring as it depends on it
;extension=php_mysql.dll
;extension=php_mysqli.dll
;extension=php_oci8_12c.dll  ; Use with Oracle Database 12c Instant Client
;extension=php_openssl.dll
;extension=php_pdo_firebird.dll
;extension=php_pdo_mysql.dll
;extension=php_pdo_oci.dll
;extension=php_pdo_odbc.dll
;extension=php_pdo_pgsql.dll
;extension=php_pdo_sqlite.dll
;extension=php_pgsql.dll
;extension=php_shmop.dll

; The MIBS data available in the PHP distribution must be installed. 
; See http://www.php.net/manual/en/snmp.installation.php 
;extension=php_snmp.dll

;extension=php_soap.dll
;extension=php_sockets.dll
;extension=php_sqlite3.dll
;extension=php_sybase_ct.dll
;extension=php_tidy.dll
;extension=php_xmlrpc.dll
;extension=php_xsl.dll

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Module Settings ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

[CLI Server]
; Whether the CLI web server uses ANSI color coding in its terminal output.
cli_server.color = On

[Date]
; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions
; http://php.net/date.timezone
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

; http://php.net/date.default-latitude
;date.default_latitude = 31.7667

; http://php.net/date.default-longitude
;date.default_longitude = 35.2333

; http://php.net/date.sunrise-zenith
;date.sunrise_zenith = 90.583333

; http://php.net/date.sunset-zenith
;date.sunset_zenith = 90.583333

[filter]
; http://php.net/filter.default
;filter.default = unsafe_raw

; http://php.net/filter.default-flags
;filter.default_flags =

[iconv]
; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global input_encoding instead.
; If empty, default_charset or input_encoding or iconv.input_encoding is used.
; The precedence is: default_charset < intput_encoding < iconv.input_encoding
;iconv.input_encoding =

; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global internal_encoding instead.
; If empty, default_charset or internal_encoding or iconv.internal_encoding is used.
; The precedence is: default_charset < internal_encoding < iconv.internal_encoding
;iconv.internal_encoding =

; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global output_encoding instead.
; If empty, default_charset or output_encoding or iconv.output_encoding is used.
; The precedence is: default_charset < output_encoding < iconv.output_encoding
; To use an output encoding conversion, iconv's output handler must be set
; otherwise output encoding conversion cannot be performed.
;iconv.output_encoding =

[intl]
;intl.default_locale =
; This directive allows you to produce PHP errors when some error
; happens within intl functions. The value is the level of the error produced.
; Default is 0, which does not produce any errors.
;intl.error_level = E_WARNING
;intl.use_exceptions = 0

[sqlite3]
;sqlite3.extension_dir =

[Pcre]
;PCRE library backtracking limit.
; http://php.net/pcre.backtrack-limit
;pcre.backtrack_limit=100000

;PCRE library recursion limit.
;Please note that if you set this value to a high number you may consume all
;the available process stack and eventually crash PHP (due to reaching the
;stack size limit imposed by the Operating System).
; http://php.net/pcre.recursion-limit
;pcre.recursion_limit=100000

[Pdo]
; Whether to pool ODBC connections. Can be one of "strict", "relaxed" or "off"
; http://php.net/pdo-odbc.connection-pooling
;pdo_odbc.connection_pooling=strict

;pdo_odbc.db2_instance_name

[Pdo_mysql]
; If mysqlnd is used: Number of cache slots for the internal result set cache
; http://php.net/pdo_mysql.cache_size
pdo_mysql.cache_size = 2000

; Default socket name for local MySQL connects.  If empty, uses the built-in
; MySQL defaults.
; http://php.net/pdo_mysql.default-socket
pdo_mysql.default_socket=

[Phar]
; http://php.net/phar.readonly
;phar.readonly = On

; http://php.net/phar.require-hash
;phar.require_hash = On

;phar.cache_list =

[mail function]
; For Win32 only.
; http://php.net/smtp
SMTP = localhost
; http://php.net/smtp-port
smtp_port = 25

; For Win32 only.
; http://php.net/sendmail-from
;sendmail_from = me@example.com

; For Unix only.  You may supply arguments as well (default: "sendmail -t -i").
; http://php.net/sendmail-path
;sendmail_path =

; Force the addition of the specified parameters to be passed as extra parameters
; to the sendmail binary. These parameters will always replace the value of
; the 5th parameter to mail().
;mail.force_extra_parameters =

; Add X-PHP-Originating-Script: that will include uid of the script followed by the filename
mail.add_x_header = On

; The path to a log file that will log all mail() calls. Log entries include
; the full path of the script, line number, To address and headers.
;mail.log =
; Log mail to syslog (Event Log on Windows).
;mail.log = syslog

[SQL]
; http://php.net/sql.safe-mode
sql.safe_mode = Off

[ODBC]
; http://php.net/odbc.default-db
;odbc.default_db    =  Not yet implemented

; http://php.net/odbc.default-user
;odbc.default_user  =  Not yet implemented

; http://php.net/odbc.default-pw
;odbc.default_pw    =  Not yet implemented

; Controls the ODBC cursor model.
; Default: SQL_CURSOR_STATIC (default).
;odbc.default_cursortype

; Allow or prevent persistent links.
; http://php.net/odbc.allow-persistent
odbc.allow_persistent = On

; Check that a connection is still valid before reuse.
; http://php.net/odbc.check-persistent
odbc.check_persistent = On

; Maximum number of persistent links.  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/odbc.max-persistent
odbc.max_persistent = -1

; Maximum number of links (persistent + non-persistent).  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/odbc.max-links
odbc.max_links = -1

; Handling of LONG fields.  Returns number of bytes to variables.  0 means
; passthru.
; http://php.net/odbc.defaultlrl
odbc.defaultlrl = 4096

; Handling of binary data.  0 means passthru, 1 return as is, 2 convert to char.
; See the documentation on odbc_binmode and odbc_longreadlen for an explanation
; of odbc.defaultlrl and odbc.defaultbinmode
; http://php.net/odbc.defaultbinmode
odbc.defaultbinmode = 1

;birdstep.max_links = -1

[Interbase]
; Allow or prevent persistent links.
ibase.allow_persistent = 1

; Maximum number of persistent links.  -1 means no limit.
ibase.max_persistent = -1

; Maximum number of links (persistent + non-persistent).  -1 means no limit.
ibase.max_links = -1

; Default database name for ibase_connect().
;ibase.default_db =

; Default username for ibase_connect().
;ibase.default_user =

; Default password for ibase_connect().
;ibase.default_password =

; Default charset for ibase_connect().
;ibase.default_charset =

; Default timestamp format.
ibase.timestampformat = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"

; Default date format.
ibase.dateformat = "%Y-%m-%d"

; Default time format.
ibase.timeformat = "%H:%M:%S"

[MySQL]
; Allow accessing, from PHP's perspective, local files with LOAD DATA statements
; http://php.net/mysql.allow_local_infile
mysql.allow_local_infile = On

; Allow or prevent persistent links.
; http://php.net/mysql.allow-persistent
mysql.allow_persistent = On

; If mysqlnd is used: Number of cache slots for the internal result set cache
; http://php.net/mysql.cache_size
mysql.cache_size = 2000

; Maximum number of persistent links.  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/mysql.max-persistent
mysql.max_persistent = -1

; Maximum number of links (persistent + non-persistent).  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/mysql.max-links
mysql.max_links = -1

; Default port number for mysql_connect().  If unset, mysql_connect() will use
; the $MYSQL_TCP_PORT or the mysql-tcp entry in /etc/services or the
; compile-time value defined MYSQL_PORT (in that order).  Win32 will only look
; at MYSQL_PORT.
; http://php.net/mysql.default-port
mysql.default_port =

; Default socket name for local MySQL connects.  If empty, uses the built-in
; MySQL defaults.
; http://php.net/mysql.default-socket
mysql.default_socket =

; Default host for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode).
; http://php.net/mysql.default-host
mysql.default_host =

; Default user for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode).
; http://php.net/mysql.default-user
mysql.default_user =

; Default password for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode).
; Note that this is generally a *bad* idea to store passwords in this file.
; *Any* user with PHP access can run 'echo get_cfg_var("mysql.default_password")
; and reveal this password!  And of course, any users with read access to this
; file will be able to reveal the password as well.
; http://php.net/mysql.default-password
mysql.default_password =

; Maximum time (in seconds) for connect timeout. -1 means no limit
; http://php.net/mysql.connect-timeout
mysql.connect_timeout = 60

; Trace mode. When trace_mode is active (=On), warnings for table/index scans and
; SQL-Errors will be displayed.
; http://php.net/mysql.trace-mode
mysql.trace_mode = Off

[MySQLi]

; Maximum number of persistent links.  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/mysqli.max-persistent
mysqli.max_persistent = -1

; Allow accessing, from PHP's perspective, local files with LOAD DATA statements
; http://php.net/mysqli.allow_local_infile
;mysqli.allow_local_infile = On

; Allow or prevent persistent links.
; http://php.net/mysqli.allow-persistent
mysqli.allow_persistent = On

; Maximum number of links.  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/mysqli.max-links
mysqli.max_links = -1

; If mysqlnd is used: Number of cache slots for the internal result set cache
; http://php.net/mysqli.cache_size
mysqli.cache_size = 2000

; Default port number for mysqli_connect().  If unset, mysqli_connect() will use
; the $MYSQL_TCP_PORT or the mysql-tcp entry in /etc/services or the
; compile-time value defined MYSQL_PORT (in that order).  Win32 will only look
; at MYSQL_PORT.
; http://php.net/mysqli.default-port
mysqli.default_port = 3306

; Default socket name for local MySQL connects.  If empty, uses the built-in
; MySQL defaults.
; http://php.net/mysqli.default-socket
mysqli.default_socket =

; Default host for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode).
; http://php.net/mysqli.default-host
mysqli.default_host =

; Default user for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode).
; http://php.net/mysqli.default-user
mysqli.default_user =

; Default password for mysqli_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode).
; Note that this is generally a *bad* idea to store passwords in this file.
; *Any* user with PHP access can run 'echo get_cfg_var("mysqli.default_pw")
; and reveal this password!  And of course, any users with read access to this
; file will be able to reveal the password as well.
; http://php.net/mysqli.default-pw
mysqli.default_pw =

; Allow or prevent reconnect
mysqli.reconnect = Off

[mysqlnd]
; Enable / Disable collection of general statistics by mysqlnd which can be
; used to tune and monitor MySQL operations.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.collect_statistics
mysqlnd.collect_statistics = On

; Enable / Disable collection of memory usage statistics by mysqlnd which can be
; used to tune and monitor MySQL operations.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics
mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics = Off

; Records communication from all extensions using mysqlnd to the specified log
; file.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.debug
;mysqlnd.debug =

; Defines which queries will be logged.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.log_mask
;mysqlnd.log_mask = 0

; Default size of the mysqlnd memory pool, which is used by result sets.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.mempool_default_size
;mysqlnd.mempool_default_size = 16000

; Size of a pre-allocated buffer used when sending commands to MySQL in bytes.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.net_cmd_buffer_size
;mysqlnd.net_cmd_buffer_size = 2048

; Size of a pre-allocated buffer used for reading data sent by the server in
; bytes.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.net_read_buffer_size
;mysqlnd.net_read_buffer_size = 32768

; Timeout for network requests in seconds.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.net_read_timeout
;mysqlnd.net_read_timeout = 31536000

; SHA-256 Authentication Plugin related. File with the MySQL server public RSA
; key.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.sha256_server_public_key
;mysqlnd.sha256_server_public_key =

[OCI8]

; Connection: Enables privileged connections using external
; credentials (OCI_SYSOPER, OCI_SYSDBA)
; http://php.net/oci8.privileged-connect
;oci8.privileged_connect = Off

; Connection: The maximum number of persistent OCI8 connections per
; process. Using -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/oci8.max-persistent
;oci8.max_persistent = -1

; Connection: The maximum number of seconds a process is allowed to
; maintain an idle persistent connection. Using -1 means idle
; persistent connections will be maintained forever.
; http://php.net/oci8.persistent-timeout
;oci8.persistent_timeout = -1

; Connection: The number of seconds that must pass before issuing a
; ping during oci_pconnect() to check the connection validity. When
; set to 0, each oci_pconnect() will cause a ping. Using -1 disables
; pings completely.
; http://php.net/oci8.ping-interval
;oci8.ping_interval = 60

; Connection: Set this to a user chosen connection class to be used
; for all pooled server requests with Oracle 11g Database Resident
; Connection Pooling (DRCP).  To use DRCP, this value should be set to
; the same string for all web servers running the same application,
; the database pool must be configured, and the connection string must
; specify to use a pooled server.
;oci8.connection_class =

; High Availability: Using On lets PHP receive Fast Application
; Notification (FAN) events generated when a database node fails. The
; database must also be configured to post FAN events.
;oci8.events = Off

; Tuning: This option enables statement caching, and specifies how
; many statements to cache. Using 0 disables statement caching.
; http://php.net/oci8.statement-cache-size
;oci8.statement_cache_size = 20

; Tuning: Enables statement prefetching and sets the default number of
; rows that will be fetched automatically after statement execution.
; http://php.net/oci8.default-prefetch
;oci8.default_prefetch = 100

; Compatibility. Using On means oci_close() will not close
; oci_connect() and oci_new_connect() connections.
; http://php.net/oci8.old-oci-close-semantics
;oci8.old_oci_close_semantics = Off

[PostgreSQL]
; Allow or prevent persistent links.
; http://php.net/pgsql.allow-persistent
pgsql.allow_persistent = On

; Detect broken persistent links always with pg_pconnect().
; Auto reset feature requires a little overheads.
; http://php.net/pgsql.auto-reset-persistent
pgsql.auto_reset_persistent = Off

; Maximum number of persistent links.  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/pgsql.max-persistent
pgsql.max_persistent = -1

; Maximum number of links (persistent+non persistent).  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/pgsql.max-links
pgsql.max_links = -1

; Ignore PostgreSQL backends Notice message or not.
; Notice message logging require a little overheads.
; http://php.net/pgsql.ignore-notice
pgsql.ignore_notice = 0

; Log PostgreSQL backends Notice message or not.
; Unless pgsql.ignore_notice=0, module cannot log notice message.
; http://php.net/pgsql.log-notice
pgsql.log_notice = 0

[Sybase-CT]
; Allow or prevent persistent links.
; http://php.net/sybct.allow-persistent
sybct.allow_persistent = On

; Maximum number of persistent links.  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/sybct.max-persistent
sybct.max_persistent = -1

; Maximum number of links (persistent + non-persistent).  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/sybct.max-links
sybct.max_links = -1

; Minimum server message severity to display.
; http://php.net/sybct.min-server-severity
sybct.min_server_severity = 10

; Minimum client message severity to display.
; http://php.net/sybct.min-client-severity
sybct.min_client_severity = 10

; Set per-context timeout
; http://php.net/sybct.timeout
;sybct.timeout=

;sybct.packet_size

; The maximum time in seconds to wait for a connection attempt to succeed before returning failure.
; Default: one minute
;sybct.login_timeout=

; The name of the host you claim to be connecting from, for display by sp_who.
; Default: none
;sybct.hostname=

; Allows you to define how often deadlocks are to be retried. -1 means "forever".
; Default: 0
;sybct.deadlock_retry_count=

[bcmath]
; Number of decimal digits for all bcmath functions.
; http://php.net/bcmath.scale
bcmath.scale = 0

[browscap]
; http://php.net/browscap
;browscap = extra/browscap.ini

[Session]
; Handler used to store/retrieve data.
; http://php.net/session.save-handler
session.save_handler = files

; Argument passed to save_handler.  In the case of files, this is the path
; where data files are stored. Note: Windows users have to change this
; variable in order to use PHP's session functions.
;
; The path can be defined as:
;
;     session.save_path = "N;/path"
;
; where N is an integer.  Instead of storing all the session files in
; /path, what this will do is use subdirectories N-levels deep, and
; store the session data in those directories.  This is useful if
; your OS has problems with many files in one directory, and is
; a more efficient layout for servers that handle many sessions.
;
; NOTE 1: PHP will not create this directory structure automatically.
;         You can use the script in the ext/session dir for that purpose.
; NOTE 2: See the section on garbage collection below if you choose to
;         use subdirectories for session storage
;
; The file storage module creates files using mode 600 by default.
; You can change that by using
;
;     session.save_path = "N;MODE;/path"
;
; where MODE is the octal representation of the mode. Note that this
; does not overwrite the process's umask.
; http://php.net/session.save-path
;session.save_path = "/tmp"

; Whether to use strict session mode.
; Strict session mode does not accept uninitialized session ID and regenerate
; session ID if browser sends uninitialized session ID. Strict mode protects
; applications from session fixation via session adoption vulnerability. It is
; disabled by default for maximum compatibility, but enabling it is encouraged.
; https://wiki.php.net/rfc/strict_sessions
session.use_strict_mode = 0

; Whether to use cookies.
; http://php.net/session.use-cookies
session.use_cookies = 1

; http://php.net/session.cookie-secure
;session.cookie_secure =

; This option forces PHP to fetch and use a cookie for storing and maintaining
; the session id. We encourage this operation as it's very helpful in combating
; session hijacking when not specifying and managing your own session id. It is
; not the be-all and end-all of session hijacking defense, but it's a good start.
; http://php.net/session.use-only-cookies
session.use_only_cookies = 1

; Name of the session (used as cookie name).
; http://php.net/session.name
session.name = PHPSESSID

; Initialize session on request startup.
; http://php.net/session.auto-start
session.auto_start = 0

; Lifetime in seconds of cookie or, if 0, until browser is restarted.
; http://php.net/session.cookie-lifetime
session.cookie_lifetime = 0

; The path for which the cookie is valid.
; http://php.net/session.cookie-path
session.cookie_path = /

; The domain for which the cookie is valid.
; http://php.net/session.cookie-domain
session.cookie_domain =

; Whether or not to add the httpOnly flag to the cookie, which makes it inaccessible to browser scripting languages such as JavaScript.
; http://php.net/session.cookie-httponly
session.cookie_httponly =

; Handler used to serialize data.  php is the standard serializer of PHP.
; http://php.net/session.serialize-handler
session.serialize_handler = php

; Defines the probability that the 'garbage collection' process is started
; on every session initialization. The probability is calculated by using
; gc_probability/gc_divisor. Where session.gc_probability is the numerator
; and gc_divisor is the denominator in the equation. Setting this value to 1
; when the session.gc_divisor value is 100 will give you approximately a 1% chance
; the gc will run on any give request.
; Default Value: 1
; Development Value: 1
; Production Value: 1
; http://php.net/session.gc-probability
session.gc_probability = 1

; Defines the probability that the 'garbage collection' process is started on every
; session initialization. The probability is calculated by using the following equation:
; gc_probability/gc_divisor. Where session.gc_probability is the numerator and
; session.gc_divisor is the denominator in the equation. Setting this value to 1
; when the session.gc_divisor value is 100 will give you approximately a 1% chance
; the gc will run on any give request. Increasing this value to 1000 will give you
; a 0.1% chance the gc will run on any give request. For high volume production servers,
; this is a more efficient approach.
; Default Value: 100
; Development Value: 1000
; Production Value: 1000
; http://php.net/session.gc-divisor
session.gc_divisor = 1000

; After this number of seconds, stored data will be seen as 'garbage' and
; cleaned up by the garbage collection process.
; http://php.net/session.gc-maxlifetime
session.gc_maxlifetime = 1440

; NOTE: If you are using the subdirectory option for storing session files
;       (see session.save_path above), then garbage collection does *not*
;       happen automatically.  You will need to do your own garbage
;       collection through a shell script, cron entry, or some other method.
;       For example, the following script would is the equivalent of
;       setting session.gc_maxlifetime to 1440 (1440 seconds = 24 minutes):
;          find /path/to/sessions -cmin +24 -type f | xargs rm

; Check HTTP Referer to invalidate externally stored URLs containing ids.
; HTTP_REFERER has to contain this substring for the session to be
; considered as valid.
; http://php.net/session.referer-check
session.referer_check =

; How many bytes to read from the file.
; http://php.net/session.entropy-length
;session.entropy_length = 32

; Specified here to create the session id.
; http://php.net/session.entropy-file
; Defaults to /dev/urandom
; On systems that don't have /dev/urandom but do have /dev/arandom, this will default to /dev/arandom
; If neither are found at compile time, the default is no entropy file.
; On windows, setting the entropy_length setting will activate the
; Windows random source (using the CryptoAPI)
;session.entropy_file = /dev/urandom

; Set to {nocache,private,public,} to determine HTTP caching aspects
; or leave this empty to avoid sending anti-caching headers.
; http://php.net/session.cache-limiter
session.cache_limiter = nocache

; Document expires after n minutes.
; http://php.net/session.cache-expire
session.cache_expire = 180

; trans sid support is disabled by default.
; Use of trans sid may risk your users' security.
; Use this option with caution.
; - User may send URL contains active session ID
;   to other person via. email/irc/etc.
; - URL that contains active session ID may be stored
;   in publicly accessible computer.
; - User may access your site with the same session ID
;   always using URL stored in browser's history or bookmarks.
; http://php.net/session.use-trans-sid
session.use_trans_sid = 0

; Select a hash function for use in generating session ids.
; Possible Values
;   0  (MD5 128 bits)
;   1  (SHA-1 160 bits)
; This option may also be set to the name of any hash function supported by
; the hash extension. A list of available hashes is returned by the hash_algos()
; function.
; http://php.net/session.hash-function
session.hash_function = 0

; Define how many bits are stored in each character when converting
; the binary hash data to something readable.
; Possible values:
;   4  (4 bits: 0-9, a-f)
;   5  (5 bits: 0-9, a-v)
;   6  (6 bits: 0-9, a-z, A-Z, "-", ",")
; Default Value: 4
; Development Value: 5
; Production Value: 5
; http://php.net/session.hash-bits-per-character
session.hash_bits_per_character = 5

; The URL rewriter will look for URLs in a defined set of HTML tags.
; form/fieldset are special; if you include them here, the rewriter will
; add a hidden <input> field with the info which is otherwise appended
; to URLs.  If you want XHTML conformity, remove the form entry.
; Note that all valid entries require a "=", even if no value follows.
; Default Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,form=,fieldset="
; Development Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"
; Production Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"
; http://php.net/url-rewriter.tags
url_rewriter.tags = "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"

; Enable upload progress tracking in $_SESSION
; Default Value: On
; Development Value: On
; Production Value: On
; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.enabled
;session.upload_progress.enabled = On

; Cleanup the progress information as soon as all POST data has been read
; (i.e. upload completed).
; Default Value: On
; Development Value: On
; Production Value: On
; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.cleanup
;session.upload_progress.cleanup = On

; A prefix used for the upload progress key in $_SESSION
; Default Value: "upload_progress_"
; Development Value: "upload_progress_"
; Production Value: "upload_progress_"
; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.prefix
;session.upload_progress.prefix = "upload_progress_"

; The index name (concatenated with the prefix) in $_SESSION
; containing the upload progress information
; Default Value: "PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS"
; Development Value: "PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS"
; Production Value: "PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS"
; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.name
;session.upload_progress.name = "PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS"

; How frequently the upload progress should be updated.
; Given either in percentages (per-file), or in bytes
; Default Value: "1%"
; Development Value: "1%"
; Production Value: "1%"
; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.freq
;session.upload_progress.freq =  "1%"

; The minimum delay between updates, in seconds
; Default Value: 1
; Development Value: 1
; Production Value: 1
; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.min-freq
;session.upload_progress.min_freq = "1"

[MSSQL]
; Allow or prevent persistent links.
mssql.allow_persistent = On

; Maximum number of persistent links.  -1 means no limit.
mssql.max_persistent = -1

; Maximum number of links (persistent+non persistent).  -1 means no limit.
mssql.max_links = -1

; Minimum error severity to display.
mssql.min_error_severity = 10

; Minimum message severity to display.
mssql.min_message_severity = 10

; Compatibility mode with old versions of PHP 3.0.
mssql.compatibility_mode = Off

; Connect timeout
;mssql.connect_timeout = 5

; Query timeout
;mssql.timeout = 60

; Valid range 0 - 2147483647.  Default = 4096.
;mssql.textlimit = 4096

; Valid range 0 - 2147483647.  Default = 4096.
;mssql.textsize = 4096

; Limits the number of records in each batch.  0 = all records in one batch.
;mssql.batchsize = 0

; Specify how datetime and datetim4 columns are returned
; On => Returns data converted to SQL server settings
; Off => Returns values as YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss
;mssql.datetimeconvert = On

; Use NT authentication when connecting to the server
mssql.secure_connection = Off

; Specify max number of processes. -1 = library default
; msdlib defaults to 25
; FreeTDS defaults to 4096
;mssql.max_procs = -1

; Specify client character set.
; If empty or not set the client charset from freetds.conf is used
; This is only used when compiled with FreeTDS
;mssql.charset = "ISO-8859-1"

[Assertion]
; Assert(expr); active by default.
; http://php.net/assert.active
;assert.active = On

; Issue a PHP warning for each failed assertion.
; http://php.net/assert.warning
;assert.warning = On

; Don't bail out by default.
; http://php.net/assert.bail
;assert.bail = Off

; User-function to be called if an assertion fails.
; http://php.net/assert.callback
;assert.callback = 0

; Eval the expression with current error_reporting().  Set to true if you want
; error_reporting(0) around the eval().
; http://php.net/assert.quiet-eval
;assert.quiet_eval = 0

[COM]
; path to a file containing GUIDs, IIDs or filenames of files with TypeLibs
; http://php.net/com.typelib-file
;com.typelib_file =

; allow Distributed-COM calls
; http://php.net/com.allow-dcom
;com.allow_dcom = true

; autoregister constants of a components typlib on com_load()
; http://php.net/com.autoregister-typelib
;com.autoregister_typelib = true

; register constants casesensitive
; http://php.net/com.autoregister-casesensitive
;com.autoregister_casesensitive = false

; show warnings on duplicate constant registrations
; http://php.net/com.autoregister-verbose
;com.autoregister_verbose = true

; The default character set code-page to use when passing strings to and from COM objects.
; Default: system ANSI code page
;com.code_page=

[mbstring]
; language for internal character representation.
; This affects mb_send_mail() and mbstrig.detect_order.
; http://php.net/mbstring.language
;mbstring.language = Japanese

; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global internal_encoding instead.
; internal/script encoding.
; Some encoding cannot work as internal encoding. (e.g. SJIS, BIG5, ISO-2022-*)
; If empty, default_charset or internal_encoding or iconv.internal_encoding is used.
; The precedence is: default_charset < internal_encoding < iconv.internal_encoding
;mbstring.internal_encoding =

; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global input_encoding instead.
; http input encoding.
; mbstring.encoding_traslation = On is needed to use this setting.
; If empty, default_charset or input_encoding or mbstring.input is used.
; The precedence is: default_charset < intput_encoding < mbsting.http_input
; http://php.net/mbstring.http-input
;mbstring.http_input =

; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global output_encoding instead.
; http output encoding.
; mb_output_handler must be registered as output buffer to function.
; If empty, default_charset or output_encoding or mbstring.http_output is used.
; The precedence is: default_charset < output_encoding < mbstring.http_output
; To use an output encoding conversion, mbstring's output handler must be set
; otherwise output encoding conversion cannot be performed.
; http://php.net/mbstring.http-output
;mbstring.http_output =

; enable automatic encoding translation according to
; mbstring.internal_encoding setting. Input chars are
; converted to internal encoding by setting this to On.
; Note: Do _not_ use automatic encoding translation for
;       portable libs/applications.
; http://php.net/mbstring.encoding-translation
;mbstring.encoding_translation = Off

; automatic encoding detection order.
; "auto" detect order is changed according to mbstring.language
; http://php.net/mbstring.detect-order
;mbstring.detect_order = auto

; substitute_character used when character cannot be converted
; one from another
; http://php.net/mbstring.substitute-character
;mbstring.substitute_character = none

; overload(replace) single byte functions by mbstring functions.
; mail(), ereg(), etc are overloaded by mb_send_mail(), mb_ereg(),
; etc. Possible values are 0,1,2,4 or combination of them.
; For example, 7 for overload everything.
; 0: No overload
; 1: Overload mail() function
; 2: Overload str*() functions
; 4: Overload ereg*() functions
; http://php.net/mbstring.func-overload
;mbstring.func_overload = 0

; enable strict encoding detection.
; Default: Off
;mbstring.strict_detection = On

; This directive specifies the regex pattern of content types for which mb_output_handler()
; is activated.
; Default: mbstring.http_output_conv_mimetype=^(text/|application/xhtml+xml)
;mbstring.http_output_conv_mimetype=

[gd]
; Tell the jpeg decode to ignore warnings and try to create
; a gd image. The warning will then be displayed as notices
; disabled by default
; http://php.net/gd.jpeg-ignore-warning
;gd.jpeg_ignore_warning = 0

[exif]
; Exif UNICODE user comments are handled as UCS-2BE/UCS-2LE and JIS as JIS.
; With mbstring support this will automatically be converted into the encoding
; given by corresponding encode setting. When empty mbstring.internal_encoding
; is used. For the decode settings you can distinguish between motorola and
; intel byte order. A decode setting cannot be empty.
; http://php.net/exif.encode-unicode
;exif.encode_unicode = ISO-8859-15

; http://php.net/exif.decode-unicode-motorola
;exif.decode_unicode_motorola = UCS-2BE

; http://php.net/exif.decode-unicode-intel
;exif.decode_unicode_intel    = UCS-2LE

; http://php.net/exif.encode-jis
;exif.encode_jis =

; http://php.net/exif.decode-jis-motorola
;exif.decode_jis_motorola = JIS

; http://php.net/exif.decode-jis-intel
;exif.decode_jis_intel    = JIS

[Tidy]
; The path to a default tidy configuration file to use when using tidy
; http://php.net/tidy.default-config
;tidy.default_config = /usr/local/lib/php/default.tcfg

; Should tidy clean and repair output automatically?
; WARNING: Do not use this option if you are generating non-html content
; such as dynamic images
; http://php.net/tidy.clean-output
tidy.clean_output = Off

[soap]
; Enables or disables WSDL caching feature.
; http://php.net/soap.wsdl-cache-enabled
soap.wsdl_cache_enabled=1

; Sets the directory name where SOAP extension will put cache files.
; http://php.net/soap.wsdl-cache-dir
soap.wsdl_cache_dir="/tmp"

; (time to live) Sets the number of second while cached file will be used
; instead of original one.
; http://php.net/soap.wsdl-cache-ttl
soap.wsdl_cache_ttl=86400

; Sets the size of the cache limit. (Max. number of WSDL files to cache)
soap.wsdl_cache_limit = 5

[sysvshm]
; A default size of the shared memory segment
;sysvshm.init_mem = 10000

[ldap]
; Sets the maximum number of open links or -1 for unlimited.
ldap.max_links = -1

[mcrypt]
; For more information about mcrypt settings see http://php.net/mcrypt-module-open

; Directory where to load mcrypt algorithms
; Default: Compiled in into libmcrypt (usually /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt)
;mcrypt.algorithms_dir=

; Directory where to load mcrypt modes
; Default: Compiled in into libmcrypt (usually /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt)
;mcrypt.modes_dir=

[dba]
;dba.default_handler=

[opcache]
; Determines if Zend OPCache is enabled
opcache.enable=1

; Determines if Zend OPCache is enabled for the CLI version of PHP
opcache.enable_cli=0

; The OPcache shared memory storage size.
opcache.memory_consumption=128

; The amount of memory for interned strings in Mbytes.
opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8

; The maximum number of keys (scripts) in the OPcache hash table.
; Only numbers between 200 and 100000 are allowed.
opcache.max_accelerated_files=20000

; The maximum percentage of "wasted" memory until a restart is scheduled.
;opcache.max_wasted_percentage=5

; When this directive is enabled, the OPcache appends the current working
; directory to the script key, thus eliminating possible collisions between
; files with the same name (basename). Disabling the directive improves
; performance, but may break existing applications.
opcache.use_cwd=1

; When disabled, you must reset the OPcache manually or restart the
; webserver for changes to the filesystem to take effect.
opcache.validate_timestamps=1

; How often (in seconds) to check file timestamps for changes to the shared
; memory storage allocation. ("1" means validate once per second, but only
; once per request. "0" means always validate)
opcache.revalidate_freq=0

; Enables or disables file search in include_path optimization
;opcache.revalidate_path=0

; If disabled, all PHPDoc comments are dropped from the code to reduce the
; size of the optimized code.
;opcache.save_comments=1

; If disabled, PHPDoc comments are not loaded from SHM, so "Doc Comments"
; may be always stored (save_comments=1), but not loaded by applications
; that don't need them anyway.
;opcache.load_comments=1

; If enabled, a fast shutdown sequence is used for the accelerated code
;opcache.fast_shutdown=0

; Allow file existence override (file_exists, etc.) performance feature.
;opcache.enable_file_override=0

; A bitmask, where each bit enables or disables the appropriate OPcache
; passes
;opcache.optimization_level=0xffffffff

;opcache.inherited_hack=1
;opcache.dups_fix=0

; The location of the OPcache blacklist file (wildcards allowed).
; Each OPcache blacklist file is a text file that holds the names of files
; that should not be accelerated. The file format is to add each filename
; to a new line. The filename may be a full path or just a file prefix
; (i.e., /var/www/x  blacklists all the files and directories in /var/www
; that start with 'x'). Line starting with a ; are ignored (comments).
;opcache.blacklist_filename=

; Allows exclusion of large files from being cached. By default all files
; are cached.
;opcache.max_file_size=0

; Check the cache checksum each N requests.
; The default value of "0" means that the checks are disabled.
;opcache.consistency_checks=0

; How long to wait (in seconds) for a scheduled restart to begin if the cache
; is not being accessed.
;opcache.force_restart_timeout=180

; OPcache error_log file name. Empty string assumes "stderr".
;opcache.error_log=

; All OPcache errors go to the Web server log.
; By default, only fatal errors (level 0) or errors (level 1) are logged.
; You can also enable warnings (level 2), info messages (level 3) or
; debug messages (level 4).
;opcache.log_verbosity_level=1

; Preferred Shared Memory back-end. Leave empty and let the system decide.
;opcache.preferred_memory_model=

; Protect the shared memory from unexpected writing during script execution.
; Useful for internal debugging only.
;opcache.protect_memory=0

; Validate cached file permissions.
; opcache.validate_permission=0

; Prevent name collisions in chroot'ed environment.
; opcache.validate_root=0

[curl]
; A default value for the CURLOPT_CAINFO option. This is required to be an
; absolute path.
;curl.cainfo =

[openssl]
; The location of a Certificate Authority (CA) file on the local filesystem
; to use when verifying the identity of SSL/TLS peers. Most users should
; not specify a value for this directive as PHP will attempt to use the
; OS-managed cert stores in its absence. If specified, this value may still
; be overridden on a per-stream basis via the "cafile" SSL stream context
; option.
;openssl.cafile=

; If openssl.cafile is not specified or if the CA file is not found, the
; directory pointed to by openssl.capath is searched for a suitable
; certificate. This value must be a correctly hashed certificate directory.
; Most users should not specify a value for this directive as PHP will
; attempt to use the OS-managed cert stores in its absence. If specified,
; this value may still be overridden on a per-stream basis via the "capath"
; SSL stream context option.
;openssl.capath=

; Local Variables:
; tab- 4
; End:

php.ini

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; FPM Configuration ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; All relative paths in this configuration file are relative to PHP's install
; prefix (/usr/local/php). This prefix can be dynamically changed by using the
; '-p' argument from the command line.

; Include one or more files. If glob(3) exists, it is used to include a bunch of
; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the
; file.
; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by:
;  - the global prefix if it's been set (-p argument)
;  - /usr/local/php otherwise
;include=etc/fpm.d/*.conf

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Global Options ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

[global]
; Pid file
; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/php/var
; Default Value: none
pid = /var/run/php-fpm.pid

; Error log file
; If it's set to "syslog", log is sent to syslogd instead of being written
; in a local file.
; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/php/var
; Default Value: log/php-fpm.log
error_log = /usr/local/php/log/php-fpm.log

; syslog_facility is used to specify what type of program is logging the
; message. This lets syslogd specify that messages from different facilities
; will be handled differently.
; See syslog(3) for possible values (ex daemon equiv LOG_DAEMON)
; Default Value: daemon
;syslog.facility = daemon

; syslog_ident is prepended to every message. If you have multiple FPM
; instances running on the same server, you can change the default value
; which must suit common needs.
; Default Value: php-fpm
;syslog.ident = php-fpm

; Log level
; Possible Values: alert, error, warning, notice, debug
; Default Value: notice
log_level = warning

; If this number of child processes exit with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS within the time
; interval set by emergency_restart_interval then FPM will restart. A value
; of '0' means 'Off'.
; Default Value: 0
;emergency_restart_threshold = 0

; Interval of time used by emergency_restart_interval to determine when 
; a graceful restart will be initiated.  This can be useful to work around
; accidental corruptions in an accelerator's shared memory.
; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Unit: seconds
; Default Value: 0
emergency_restart_interval = 24h

; Time limit for child processes to wait for a reaction on signals from master.
; Available units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Unit: seconds
; Default Value: 0
process_control_timeout = 5s

; The maximum number of processes FPM will fork. This has been design to control
; the global number of processes when using dynamic PM within a lot of pools.
; Use it with caution.
; Note: A value of 0 indicates no limit
; Default Value: 0
; process.max = 128

; Specify the nice(2) priority to apply to the master process (only if set)
; The value can vary from -19 (highest priority) to 20 (lower priority)
; Note: - It will only work if the FPM master process is launched as root
;       - The pool process will inherit the master process priority
;         unless it specified otherwise
; Default Value: no set
; process.priority = -19

; Send FPM to background. Set to 'no' to keep FPM in foreground for debugging.
; Default Value: yes
daemonize = no 
 
; Set open file descriptor rlimit for the master process.
; Default Value: system defined value
rlimit_files = 10240
 
; Set max core size rlimit for the master process.
; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_core = 0

; Specify the event mechanism FPM will use. The following is available:
; - select     (any POSIX os)
; - poll       (any POSIX os)
; - epoll      (linux >= 2.5.44)
; - kqueue     (FreeBSD >= 4.1, OpenBSD >= 2.9, NetBSD >= 2.0)
; - /dev/poll  (Solaris >= 7)
; - port       (Solaris >= 10)
; Default Value: not set (auto detection)
;events.mechanism = epoll

; When FPM is build with systemd integration, specify the interval,
; in second, between health report notification to systemd.
; Set to 0 to disable.
; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours)
; Default Unit: seconds
; Default value: 10
;systemd_interval = 10

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Pool Definitions ; 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Multiple pools of child processes may be started with different listening
; ports and different management options.  The name of the pool will be
; used in logs and stats. There is no limitation on the number of pools which
; FPM can handle. Your system will tell you anyway :)

; Start a new pool named 'www'.
; the variable $pool can we used in any directive and will be replaced by the
; pool name ('www' here)
[www]

; Per pool prefix
; It only applies on the following directives:
; - 'access.log'
; - 'slowlog'
; - 'listen' (unixsocket)
; - 'chroot'
; - 'chdir'
; - 'php_values'
; - 'php_admin_values'
; When not set, the global prefix (or /usr/local/php) applies instead.
; Note: This directive can also be relative to the global prefix.
; Default Value: none
;prefix = /path/to/pools/$pool

; Unix user/group of processes
; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
;       will be used.
user = nobody
group = nobody

; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.
; Valid syntaxes are:
;   'ip.add.re.ss:port'    - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv4 address on
;                            a specific port;
;   '[ip:6:addr:ess]:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv6 address on
;                            a specific port;
;   'port'                 - to listen on a TCP socket to all IPv4 addresses on a
;                            specific port;
;   '[::]:port'            - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses
;                            (IPv6 and IPv4-mapped) on a specific port;
;   '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
listen = 0.0.0.0:9000

; Set listen(2) backlog.
; Default Value: 65535 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD)
;listen.backlog = 65535

; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write
; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many
; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions. 
; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user
;                 mode is set to 0660
listen.owner = nobody
listen.group = nobody
;listen.mode = 0660
; When POSIX Access Control Lists are supported you can set them using
; these options, value is a comma separated list of user/group names.
; When set, listen.owner and listen.group are ignored
;listen.acl_users =
;listen.acl_groups =
 
; List of addresses (IPv4/IPv6) of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect.
; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original
; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address
; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be
; accepted from any ip address.
; Default Value: any
; listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1

; Specify the nice(2) priority to apply to the pool processes (only if set)
; The value can vary from -19 (highest priority) to 20 (lower priority)
; Note: - It will only work if the FPM master process is launched as root
;       - The pool processes will inherit the master process priority
;         unless it specified otherwise
; Default Value: no set
; process.priority = -19

; Set the process dumpable flag (PR_SET_DUMPABLE prctl) even if the process user
; or group is differrent than the master process user. It allows to create process
; core dump and ptrace the process for the pool user.
; Default Value: no
; process.dumpable = yes

; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes.
; Possible Values:
;   static  - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes;
;   dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the
;             following directives. With this process management, there will be
;             always at least 1 children.
;             pm.max_children      - the maximum number of children that can
;                                    be alive at the same time.
;             pm.start_servers     - the number of children created on startup.
;             pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle'
;                                    state (waiting to process). If the number
;                                    of 'idle' processes is less than this
;                                    number then some children will be created.
;             pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle'
;                                    state (waiting to process). If the number
;                                    of 'idle' processes is greater than this
;                                    number then some children will be killed.
;  ondemand - no children are created at startup. Children will be forked when
;             new requests will connect. The following parameter are used:
;             pm.max_children           - the maximum number of children that
;                                         can be alive at the same time.
;             pm.process_idle_timeout   - The number of seconds after which
;                                         an idle process will be killed.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm = dynamic

; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the
; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'.
; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be
; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.
; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP
; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don't
; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs.
; Note: Used when pm is set to 'static', 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm.max_children = 200

; The number of child processes created on startup.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2
pm.start_servers = 50

; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.min_spare_servers = 50

; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.max_spare_servers = 100

; The number of seconds after which an idle process will be killed.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'ondemand'
; Default Value: 10s
;pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s;
 
; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning.
; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For
; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS.
; Default Value: 0
pm.max_requests = 51200

; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be
; recognized as a status page. It shows the following informations:
;   pool                 - the name of the pool;
;   process manager      - static, dynamic or ondemand;
;   start time           - the date and time FPM has started;
;   start since          - number of seconds since FPM has started;
;   accepted conn        - the number of request accepted by the pool;
;   listen queue         - the number of request in the queue of pending
;                          connections (see backlog in listen(2));
;   max listen queue     - the maximum number of requests in the queue
;                          of pending connections since FPM has started;
;   listen queue len     - the size of the socket queue of pending connections;
;   idle processes       - the number of idle processes;
;   active processes     - the number of active processes;
;   total processes      - the number of idle + active processes;
;   max active processes - the maximum number of active processes since FPM
;                          has started;
;   max children reached - number of times, the process limit has been reached,
;                          when pm tries to start more children (works only for
;                          pm 'dynamic' and 'ondemand');
; Value are updated in real time.
; Example output:
;   pool:                 www
;   process manager:      static
;   start time:           01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
;   start since:          62636
;   accepted conn:        190460
;   listen queue:         0
;   max listen queue:     1
;   listen queue len:     42
;   idle processes:       4
;   active processes:     11
;   total processes:      15
;   max active processes: 12
;   max children reached: 0
;
; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either
; 'html', 'xml' or 'json' in the query string will return the corresponding
; output syntax. Example:
;   http://www.foo.bar/status
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?json
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?html
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?xml
;
; By default the status page only outputs short status. Passing 'full' in the
; query string will also return status for each pool process.
; Example: 
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?full
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?json&full
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?html&full
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?xml&full
; The Full status returns for each process:
;   pid                  - the PID of the process;
;   state                - the state of the process (Idle, Running, ...);
;   start time           - the date and time the process has started;
;   start since          - the number of seconds since the process has started;
;   requests             - the number of requests the process has served;
;   request duration     - the duration in µs of the requests;
;   request method       - the request method (GET, POST, ...);
;   request URI          - the request URI with the query string;
;   content length       - the content length of the request (only with POST);
;   user                 - the user (PHP_AUTH_USER) (or '-' if not set);
;   script               - the main script called (or '-' if not set);
;   last request cpu     - the %cpu the last request consumed
;                          it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
;                          because CPU calculation is done when the request
;                          processing has terminated;
;   last request memory  - the max amount of memory the last request consumed
;                          it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
;                          because memory calculation is done when the request
;                          processing has terminated;
; If the process is in Idle state, then informations are related to the
; last request the process has served. Otherwise informations are related to
; the current request being served.
; Example output:
;   ************************
;   pid:                  31330
;   state:                Running
;   start time:           01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
;   start since:          63087
;   requests:             12808
;   request duration:     1250261
;   request method:       GET
;   request URI:          /test_mem.php?N=10000
;   content length:       0
;   user:                 -
;   script:               /home/fat/web/docs/php/test_mem.php
;   last request cpu:     0.00
;   last request memory:  0
;
; Note: There is a real-time FPM status monitoring sample web page available
;       It's available in: /usr/local/php/share/php/fpm/status.html
;
; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
;       anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
;       may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set 
pm.status_path = /status
 
; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no
; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside
; that FPM is alive and responding, or to
; - create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such);
; - remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing);
; - trigger alerts for the operating team (24/7).
; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
;       anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
;       may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set
;ping.path = /ping

; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The
; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code.
; Default Value: pong
;ping.response = pong

; The access log file
; Default: not set
;access.log = log/$pool.access.log

; The access log format.
; The following syntax is allowed
;  %%: the '%' character
;  %C: %CPU used by the request
;      it can accept the following format:
;      - %{user}C for user CPU only
;      - %{system}C for system CPU only
;      - %{total}C  for user + system CPU (default)
;  %d: time taken to serve the request
;      it can accept the following format:
;      - %{seconds}d (default)
;      - %{miliseconds}d
;      - %{mili}d
;      - %{microseconds}d
;      - %{micro}d
;  %e: an environment variable (same as $_ENV or $_SERVER)
;      it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the env
;      variable. Some exemples:
;      - server specifics like: %{REQUEST_METHOD}e or %{SERVER_PROTOCOL}e
;      - HTTP headers like: %{HTTP_HOST}e or %{HTTP_USER_AGENT}e
;  %f: script filename
;  %l: content-length of the request (for POST request only)
;  %m: request method
;  %M: peak of memory allocated by PHP
;      it can accept the following format:
;      - %{bytes}M (default)
;      - %{kilobytes}M
;      - %{kilo}M
;      - %{megabytes}M
;      - %{mega}M
;  %n: pool name
;  %o: output header
;      it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the header:
;      - %{Content-Type}o
;      - %{X-Powered-By}o
;      - %{Transfert-Encoding}o
;      - ....
;  %p: PID of the child that serviced the request
;  %P: PID of the parent of the child that serviced the request
;  %q: the query string 
;  %Q: the '?' character if query string exists
;  %r: the request URI (without the query string, see %q and %Q)
;  %R: remote IP address
;  %s: status (response code)
;  %t: server time the request was received
;      it can accept a strftime(3) format:
;      %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
;  %T: time the log has been written (the request has finished)
;      it can accept a strftime(3) format:
;      %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
;  %u: remote user
;
; Default: "%R - %u %t "%m %r" %s"
;access.format = "%R - %u %t "%m %r%Q%q" %s %f %{mili}d %{kilo}M %C%%"
 
; The log file for slow requests
; Default Value: not set
; Note: slowlog is mandatory if request_slowlog_timeout is set
slowlog = log/$pool.log.slow
 
; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be
; dumped to the 'slowlog' file. A value of '0s' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
request_slowlog_timeout = 10
 
; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will
; be killed. This option should be used when the 'max_execution_time' ini option
; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of '0' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
request_terminate_timeout = 600
 
; Set open file descriptor rlimit.
; Default Value: system defined value
rlimit_files = 10240
 
; Set max core size rlimit.
; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_core = 0
 
; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an
; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used.
; Note: you can prefix with '$prefix' to chroot to the pool prefix or one
; of its subdirectories. If the pool prefix is not set, the global prefix
; will be used instead.
; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever 
;       possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot
;       (error_log, sessions.save_path, ...).
; Default Value: not set
;chroot = 
 
; Chdir to this directory at the start.
; Note: relative path can be used.
; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot
;chdir = /var/www
 
; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and
; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs.
; Note: on highloaded environement, this can cause some delay in the page
; process time (several ms).
; Default Value: no
;catch_workers_output = yes

; Clear environment in FPM workers
; Prevents arbitrary environment variables from reaching FPM worker processes
; by clearing the environment in workers before env vars specified in this
; pool configuration are added.
; Setting to "no" will make all environment variables available to PHP code
; via getenv(), $_ENV and $_SERVER.
; Default Value: yes
;clear_env = no

; Limits the extensions of the main script FPM will allow to parse. This can
; prevent configuration mistakes on the web server side. You should only limit
; FPM to .php extensions to prevent malicious users to use other extensions to
; exectute php code.
; Note: set an empty value to allow all extensions.
; Default Value: .php
;security.limit_extensions = .php .php3 .php4 .php5
 
; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All $VARIABLEs are taken from
; the current environment.
; Default Value: clean env
;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
;env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
;env[TMP] = /tmp
;env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
;env[TEMP] = /tmp

; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings
; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the
; same as the PHP SAPI:
;   php_value/php_flag             - you can set classic ini defines which can
;                                    be overwritten from PHP call 'ini_set'. 
;   php_admin_value/php_admin_flag - these directives won't be overwritten by
;                                     PHP call 'ini_set'
; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no.

; Defining 'extension' will load the corresponding shared extension from
; extension_dir. Defining 'disable_functions' or 'disable_classes' will not
; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value
; instead.

; Note: path INI options can be relative and will be expanded with the prefix
; (pool, global or /usr/local/php)

; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and
;                specified at startup with the -d argument
;php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f www@my.domain.com
;php_flag[display_errors] = off
;php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/fpm-php.www.log
;php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on
;php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 32M

php-fpm.conf

　　　　　　docker build -t php:v1 -f Dockerfile-php . # 使用 Dockerfile-nginx 文件构建一个基础镜像 php:v1

　　　　　　docker images #确认 php:v1镜像是否构建成功

　　　　　　docker run -d --name php01 php:v1 # 使用php:v1镜像启动一个容器 php01

　　　　　　docker ps -l # 确认容器php01是否可以成功启动

　　　　　　docker exec -it php01 bash # 进入容器php01 bash环境，确定一下php是否安装成功

　　2、dockerfile的作用

　　　　　　docker可以根据Dockerfile中的指令来构建docker镜像。

　　　　　　Dockerfile是一个文本文件，其应当包含用户想要构建一个镜像的所有指令。

FROM            # build是基于哪个镜像来构建新的镜像
ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin   # 配置环境变量，注意此配置会在container中生效
COPY src dest   # docker内部文件系统中拷贝
ADD src dest    # 将宿主机本地文件拷贝到docker中
RUN command     # 执行linux命令
CMD ["sh","/code/start.sh"]  # 启动服务
EXPOSE 8080     # 暴露端口
WORKDIR /path   #在此指令之后的操作，以及container的默认进入路径都将时 /path目录
VOLUME ['/path1', '/path2']   # 基于此镜像创建的container都将拥有VOLUME中指定的挂在目录

　　3、Dockerfile编写优化

　　　　　　1. 一个docker image只负责一个职责。当有多个服务时，请将服务分别docker化，然后组合使用这些docker images。

　　　　　　2. 就像编程一样，当一个字符串出现多次时，请用ARG来声明变量取代hard code。

　　　　　　3. 拷贝文件到镜像时，ADD负责网络资源的拷贝，COPY负责本地文件的COPY。

　　　　　　4. 尽量使用cache，docker在build镜像时可以利用缓存，缓存的原则时：当重复构建时，如果单个指令的内容没有变化，则docker会默认使用cache。

　　　　　　5. 将相同变化频率的RUN指令合并成一个。注意，一定要是相同变化频率的RUN命令才能合并成一个，不然缓存的特性就无法使用了。

　　　　　　6. 合理使用.dockerignore，减少images的体积。

　　　　　　7. 尽量使用CMD，VOLUME将image进行服务化。

　　　　　　8. 使用LABEL对image进行元信息的描述。

　　　　　　9. 单一服务的基础镜像如何可以请使用alpine版本的镜像来减少image的体积。

1.10 使用docker简单部署django项目

　　1、初始化一个django项目并用docker启动

[root@linux-node1 ~]# django-admin startproject demo
[root@linux-node1 demo]# cd demo
[root@linux-node1 demo]# python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000                  # 测试项目是否可以启动

[root@linux-node1 demo]# vim Dockerfile                                            # dockerfile内容如下,路径放到django项目根路径
[root@linux-node1 demo]# vim requirements.txt                                      # django需要安装的包，路径放到django项目根路径
[root@linux-node1 demo]# docker build -t dj_demo:v1 -f Dockerfile . 
[root@linux-node1 demo]# docker run -d -p 192.168.56.11:8000:8000 dj_demo:v1

Django==2.0.4
mysqlclient==1.4.6

demo/requirements.txt

FROM python:3.6
MAINTAINER xiaonq
RUN  mkdir /code
WORKDIR /code
ADD . /code/
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
EXPOSE 8000
CMD ["python", "manage.py", "runserver", "0:8000"]

demo/Dockerfile

相关阅读:
虚拟内存分页机制的页面置换
 wait函数的作用
 Kubernetes中Pod生命周期
 ufw 禁用端口未生效
 Kubernetes各个组件的概念
 Kubernetes存储卷的使用
 虚拟内存分页机制的地址映射
 GUNgettext 无效
 响应HTTP服务的shell脚本
 yaml语法
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaonq/p/10241045.html

01: docker 基本使用

docker其他篇

目录：

1.1 docker基础 返回顶部

1.2 docker技术应用场景 返回顶部

1.3 docker安装 返回顶部

1.4 镜像管理 返回顶部

1.5 docker常用命令 返回顶部

1.6 docker将数据挂载到容器的三种方式 返回顶部