1. 文法 G(S):
(1)S -> AB
(2)A ->Da|ε
(3)B -> cC
(4)C -> aADC |ε
(5)D -> b|ε
验证文法 G(S)是不是 LL(1)文法?
答:
证明:FIRST(Da) = {b, a}
FIRST(ε) = {ε}
FIRST(aADC) = {a}
FIRST(b) = {b}
FOLLOW(A) = {c, b, a, #}
FOLLOW(C) = {#,}
FOLLOW(D) = {a, #}
SELECT(A -> Da) = FIRST(Da) = {b, a}
SELECT(A -> ε) = FIRST(ε) - {ε}UFOLLOW(A) = FOLLOW(A) = {c, b, a, #}
因为SELECT(A -> Da) ∩ SELECT(A -> ε) ≠ Ø
所以G(S)不是 LL(1)文法。
2.法消除左递归之后的表达式文法是否是LL(1)文法?
答:文法为:(1)E -> TE'
(2)E' -> +TE' | ε
(3)T -> FT'
(4)T' -> *FT' | ε
(5)F -> (E) | i
FIRST(+TE') = {+}
FIRST(ε) = {ε}
FIRST(*FT') = {*}
FIRST((E)) = { ( }
FIRST(i) = {i}
FOLLOW(E') = { ), # }
FOLLOW(T') = {+, ), #}
FOLLOW(F) = {*, +, ), #}
SELECT(E' -> +TE') = FIRST(+TE') = {+}
SELECT(E' -> ε) = FIRST(ε) - {ε}UFOLLOW(E') = FOLLOW(E') = { ), # }
SELECT(T' -> *FT') = FIRST(*FT') = {*}
SELECT(T' -> ε) = FIRST(ε) - {ε}UFOLLOW(T') = FOLLOW(T') = { +, ), # }
SELECT(F -> (E)) = FIRST((E)) = { ( }
SELECT(F->i)=FIRST(i)={i}
因为SELECT(E' -> +TE') ∩ SELECT(E' -> ε) = Ø
SELECT(T' -> *FT') ∩ SELECT(T' -> ε) = Ø
SELECT(F -> (E)) ∩ SELECT(F -> i) = Ø
所以此表达式文法是LL(1)文法。
3.接2,如果是LL(1)文法,写出它的递归下降语法分析程序代码。
E()
{T();
E'();
}
E'()
T()
T'()
F()
答:SELECT集:
SELECT(E->TE')=FIRST(TE')={ (, i }
SELECT(E'->+TE')=FIRST(+TE')={+}
SELECT(E'->ε)=FIRST(ε)-{ε}UFOLLOW(E')=FOLLOW(E')={ ),# }
SELECT(T->FT')=FIRST(FT')={ (,i }
SELECT(T'->*FT')=FIRST(*FT')={*}
SELECT(T'->ε)=FIRST(ε)-{ε}UFOLLOW(T')=FOLLOW(T')={ +,),# }
SELECT(F->(E))=FIRST((E))={ ( }
SELECT(F->i)=FIRST(i)={i}
递归下降语法分析程序:
void ParseE(){
switch(lookahead){
case '(','i':
ParseT();
ParseE'();
break;
default:
print("syntax error ");
exit(0);
}
}
void ParseE'(){
switch(lookahead){
case '+':
MatchToken('+');
ParseT();
ParseE'();
break;
case ')','#':
break;
default:
print("syntax error ");
exit(0);
}
}
void ParseT(){
switch(lookahead){
case '(','i':
ParseF();
ParseT'();
break;
default:
print("syntax error ");
exit(0);
}
}
void ParseT'(){
switch(lookahead){
case '*':
MatchToken('*');
ParseF();
ParseT'();
break;
case '+',')','#':
break;
default:
print("syntax error ");
exit(0);
}
}
void ParseF(){
switch(lookahead){
case '(':
MatchToken('(');
ParseE();
MatchToken(')');
break;
case 'i':
MatchToken('i');
break;
default:
print("syntax error ");
exit(0);
}
}
4.加上实验一的词法分析程序,形成可运行的语法分析程序,分析任意输入的符号串是不是合法的表达式。