形态学操作,开操作,闭操作,形态学梯度,顶帽,黑帽

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

Mat src, dst,dst2;

//开操作:先腐蚀,再膨胀
//闭操作:先膨胀,再腐蚀
int main1()
{
    //原图
    src = imread(".//pic//1.png",IMREAD_UNCHANGED);
    
    namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
    imshow("input image", src);

    namedWindow("闭操作", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
    Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(13, 13), Point(-1, -1));
    //morphologyEx(src, dst, CV_MOP_OPEN, kernel);
    morphologyEx(src, dst, CV_MOP_CLOSE, kernel);
    imshow("闭操作", dst);

    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}

//形态学梯度
//膨胀后的梯度-腐蚀后的梯度
int main2()
{
    //原图
    src = imread(".//pic//kate.png", IMREAD_UNCHANGED);

    namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
    imshow("input image", src);

    namedWindow("形态学梯度", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
    Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(13, 13), Point(-1, -1));
    morphologyEx(src, dst, CV_MOP_GRADIENT, kernel);
    imshow("形态学梯度", dst);

    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}


//形态学顶帽
//原图像与开操作之间的差值图像,可以提取出裂痕
int main3()
{
    //原图
    src = imread(".//pic//1.png", IMREAD_UNCHANGED);

    namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
    imshow("input image", src);

    namedWindow("顶帽", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
    Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(13, 13), Point(-1, -1));
    /*morphologyEx(src, dst, CV_MOP_BLACKHAT, kernel);*/
    morphologyEx(src, dst, CV_MOP_TOPHAT, kernel);
    imshow("顶帽", dst);

    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}


//形态学黑帽
//原图像与闭操作之间的差值图像,可以提取出裂痕
int main4()
{
    //原图
    src = imread(".//pic//1.png", IMREAD_UNCHANGED);

    namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
    imshow("input image", src);

    namedWindow("黑帽", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
    Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(13, 13), Point(-1, -1));
    morphologyEx(src, dst, CV_MOP_BLACKHAT, kernel);
    imshow("黑帽", dst);
    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}

//形态学操作的应用-提取水平与垂直线
int main()
{
    //原图
    src = imread(".//pic//line.png", IMREAD_UNCHANGED);

    namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
    imshow("input image", src);

    //转成灰度图
    Mat gray_src;
    cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);
    imshow("gray image", gray_src);

    //转成二值图
    Mat binImg;
    //255:二值图像的最大值
    //ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C:自适应方法
    //THRESH_BINARY:阈值类型
    //15:块大小
    //取反可以把目标变白,灰度值大
    adaptiveThreshold(~gray_src, binImg, 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, THRESH_BINARY, 15, 0);
    imshow("bin image", binImg);

    //水平线滤波,只保留水平线
    Mat hline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(src.cols / 16, 1), Point(-1, -1));
    //垂直线滤波
    Mat vline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(1, src.rows / 16), Point(-1, -1));

    Mat temp;
    erode(binImg, temp, hline);
    dilate(temp, dst, hline);
    imshow("水平线滤波", dst);


    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}