mysql——数据库备份——使用mysqldump命令备份一个或者多个数据库

mysqldump命令备份一个或者多个数据库；

语法格式：mysqldump -u username -ppassword --databases dbname1 dbname2…… > backupname.sql

--databases：这个选项表示后面跟一个或者多个数据库。注意前面不是一个横杆，是两个小横杆。

dbname：表示数据库名称；

table1 table2……：表示表的名称

backupname.sql：表示路径和备份的文件名称；

                             通常备份为.sql文件，但是并非一定是.sql文件，.sql文件给人的感觉是数据库文件。也可以是.txt文件等。

============================================================================================

数据库准备see，下面有3个表和数据

 

 

=========================================================================================

备份一个数据库，即：演示备份see数据库：

mysqldump -u root -p123 --databases see > C:\Users\del\Desktop\s.sql

 ps：里面有创建数据库的语句

-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.5.15, for Win32 (x86)
--
-- Host: localhost    Database: see
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version    5.5.15

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;

--
-- Current Database: `see`
--

CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `see` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */;

USE `see`;

--
-- Table structure for table `cr01`
--

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `cr01`;
/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
CREATE TABLE `cr01` (
  `sx` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `mz` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `bz` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;

--
-- Dumping data for table `cr01`
--

LOCK TABLES `cr01` WRITE;
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` DISABLE KEYS */;
INSERT INTO `cr01` VALUES (1,'sww','sww01'),(2,'aww','aww02'),(3,'qww','qww03'),(4,'eww','eww04'),(5,'rww','rww05'),(6,'yww','yww06'),(7,'uww','uww07');
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` ENABLE KEYS */;
UNLOCK TABLES;

--
-- Table structure for table `department`
--

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `department`;
/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
CREATE TABLE `department` (
  `d_id` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `d_name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `functione` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `address` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;

--
-- Dumping data for table `department`
--

LOCK TABLES `department` WRITE;
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` DISABLE KEYS */;
INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (1001,'keyanbu','yanfachanpin','3lou5hao'),(1002,'shengchanbu','shengchanchanp','5louyiceng'),(1003,'xiaoshoubu','cehuaxiaoshou','1louxiaoshoudating');
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` ENABLE KEYS */;
UNLOCK TABLES;

--
-- Table structure for table `employee`
--

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employee`;
/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
CREATE TABLE `employee` (
  `num` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `d_id` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `age` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `sex` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `homeadd` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;

--
-- Dumping data for table `employee`
--

LOCK TABLES `employee` WRITE;
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` DISABLE KEYS */;
INSERT INTO `employee` VALUES (1,1001,'zhangsan',26,'nan','beijing'),(2,1001,'lisi',24,'nv','hunan'),(3,1002,'wangwu',25,'nan','jiangsu'),(4,1004,'aric',15,'nan','yingguo');
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` ENABLE KEYS */;
UNLOCK TABLES;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */;

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;

-- Dump completed on 2019-12-26 22:12:22

===============================================================

备份多个数据库，即：演示备份see 和 test 数据库：

mysqldump -u root -p123 --databases see test > C:\Users\del\Desktop\st.sql

ps：里面有创建2个数据库的命令；

-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.5.15, for Win32 (x86)
--
-- Host: localhost    Database: see
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version    5.5.15

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;

--
-- Current Database: `see`
--

CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `see` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */;

USE `see`;

--
-- Table structure for table `cr01`
--

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `cr01`;
/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
CREATE TABLE `cr01` (
  `sx` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `mz` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `bz` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;

--
-- Dumping data for table `cr01`
--

LOCK TABLES `cr01` WRITE;
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` DISABLE KEYS */;
INSERT INTO `cr01` VALUES (1,'sww','sww01'),(2,'aww','aww02'),(3,'qww','qww03'),(4,'eww','eww04'),(5,'rww','rww05'),(6,'yww','yww06'),(7,'uww','uww07');
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` ENABLE KEYS */;
UNLOCK TABLES;

--
-- Table structure for table `department`
--

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `department`;
/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
CREATE TABLE `department` (
  `d_id` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `d_name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `functione` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `address` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;

--
-- Dumping data for table `department`
--

LOCK TABLES `department` WRITE;
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` DISABLE KEYS */;
INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (1001,'keyanbu','yanfachanpin','3lou5hao'),(1002,'shengchanbu','shengchanchanp','5louyiceng'),(1003,'xiaoshoubu','cehuaxiaoshou','1louxiaoshoudating');
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` ENABLE KEYS */;
UNLOCK TABLES;

--
-- Table structure for table `employee`
--

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employee`;
/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
CREATE TABLE `employee` (
  `num` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `d_id` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `age` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `sex` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `homeadd` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;

--
-- Dumping data for table `employee`
--

LOCK TABLES `employee` WRITE;
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` DISABLE KEYS */;
INSERT INTO `employee` VALUES (1,1001,'zhangsan',26,'nan','beijing'),(2,1001,'lisi',24,'nv','hunan'),(3,1002,'wangwu',25,'nan','jiangsu'),(4,1004,'aric',15,'nan','yingguo');
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` ENABLE KEYS */;
UNLOCK TABLES;

--
-- Current Database: `test`
--

CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */;

USE `test`;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */;

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;

-- Dump completed on 2019-12-26 22:17:46