mysqldump命令备份一个或者多个数据库；
语法格式：mysqldump -u username -ppassword --databases dbname1 dbname2…… > backupname.sql
--databases：这个选项表示后面跟一个或者多个数据库。注意前面不是一个横杆，是两个小横杆。
dbname：表示数据库名称；
table1 table2……：表示表的名称
backupname.sql：表示路径和备份的文件名称；
通常备份为.sql文件，但是并非一定是.sql文件，.sql文件给人的感觉是数据库文件。也可以是.txt文件等。
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数据库准备see，下面有3个表和数据
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备份一个数据库，即：演示备份see数据库：
mysqldump -u root -p123 --databases see > C:\Users\del\Desktop\s.sql
ps：里面有创建数据库的语句
-- MySQL dump 10.13 Distrib 5.5.15, for Win32 (x86) -- -- Host: localhost Database: see -- ------------------------------------------------------ -- Server version 5.5.15 /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */; /*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */; /*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */; /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */; /*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */; -- -- Current Database: `see` -- CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `see` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */; USE `see`; -- -- Table structure for table `cr01` -- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `cr01`; /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client */; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */; CREATE TABLE `cr01` ( `sx` int(50) DEFAULT NULL, `mz` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `bz` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */; -- -- Dumping data for table `cr01` -- LOCK TABLES `cr01` WRITE; /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` DISABLE KEYS */; INSERT INTO `cr01` VALUES (1,'sww','sww01'),(2,'aww','aww02'),(3,'qww','qww03'),(4,'eww','eww04'),(5,'rww','rww05'),(6,'yww','yww06'),(7,'uww','uww07'); /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` ENABLE KEYS */; UNLOCK TABLES; -- -- Table structure for table `department` -- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `department`; /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client */; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */; CREATE TABLE `department` ( `d_id` int(50) DEFAULT NULL, `d_name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `functione` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `address` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */; -- -- Dumping data for table `department` -- LOCK TABLES `department` WRITE; /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` DISABLE KEYS */; INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (1001,'keyanbu','yanfachanpin','3lou5hao'),(1002,'shengchanbu','shengchanchanp','5louyiceng'),(1003,'xiaoshoubu','cehuaxiaoshou','1louxiaoshoudating'); /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` ENABLE KEYS */; UNLOCK TABLES; -- -- Table structure for table `employee` -- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employee`; /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client */; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */; CREATE TABLE `employee` ( `num` int(50) DEFAULT NULL, `d_id` int(50) DEFAULT NULL, `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `age` int(50) DEFAULT NULL, `sex` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `homeadd` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */; -- -- Dumping data for table `employee` -- LOCK TABLES `employee` WRITE; /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` DISABLE KEYS */; INSERT INTO `employee` VALUES (1,1001,'zhangsan',26,'nan','beijing'),(2,1001,'lisi',24,'nv','hunan'),(3,1002,'wangwu',25,'nan','jiangsu'),(4,1004,'aric',15,'nan','yingguo'); /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` ENABLE KEYS */; UNLOCK TABLES; /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */; /*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */; /*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */; /*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */; /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */; /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */; /*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */; /*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */; -- Dump completed on 2019-12-26 22:12:22
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备份多个数据库，即：演示备份see 和 test 数据库：
mysqldump -u root -p123 --databases see test > C:\Users\del\Desktop\st.sql
ps：里面有创建2个数据库的命令；
-- MySQL dump 10.13 Distrib 5.5.15, for Win32 (x86) -- -- Host: localhost Database: see -- ------------------------------------------------------ -- Server version 5.5.15 /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */; /*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */; /*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */; /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */; /*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */; -- -- Current Database: `see` -- CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `see` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */; USE `see`; -- -- Table structure for table `cr01` -- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `cr01`; /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client */; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */; CREATE TABLE `cr01` ( `sx` int(50) DEFAULT NULL, `mz` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `bz` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */; -- -- Dumping data for table `cr01` -- LOCK TABLES `cr01` WRITE; /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` DISABLE KEYS */; INSERT INTO `cr01` VALUES (1,'sww','sww01'),(2,'aww','aww02'),(3,'qww','qww03'),(4,'eww','eww04'),(5,'rww','rww05'),(6,'yww','yww06'),(7,'uww','uww07'); /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` ENABLE KEYS */; UNLOCK TABLES; -- -- Table structure for table `department` -- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `department`; /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client */; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */; CREATE TABLE `department` ( `d_id` int(50) DEFAULT NULL, `d_name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `functione` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `address` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */; -- -- Dumping data for table `department` -- LOCK TABLES `department` WRITE; /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` DISABLE KEYS */; INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (1001,'keyanbu','yanfachanpin','3lou5hao'),(1002,'shengchanbu','shengchanchanp','5louyiceng'),(1003,'xiaoshoubu','cehuaxiaoshou','1louxiaoshoudating'); /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` ENABLE KEYS */; UNLOCK TABLES; -- -- Table structure for table `employee` -- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employee`; /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client */; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */; CREATE TABLE `employee` ( `num` int(50) DEFAULT NULL, `d_id` int(50) DEFAULT NULL, `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `age` int(50) DEFAULT NULL, `sex` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `homeadd` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */; -- -- Dumping data for table `employee` -- LOCK TABLES `employee` WRITE; /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` DISABLE KEYS */; INSERT INTO `employee` VALUES (1,1001,'zhangsan',26,'nan','beijing'),(2,1001,'lisi',24,'nv','hunan'),(3,1002,'wangwu',25,'nan','jiangsu'),(4,1004,'aric',15,'nan','yingguo'); /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` ENABLE KEYS */; UNLOCK TABLES; -- -- Current Database: `test` -- CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */; USE `test`; /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */; /*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */; /*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */; /*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */; /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */; /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */; /*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */; /*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */; -- Dump completed on 2019-12-26 22:17:46