我们来看一些Postman测试的例子。其中大多数都是Postman内部的片段。您可以根据需要为请求提供尽可能多的测试。
设置环境变量
pm.environment.set("variable_key", "variable_value");
将嵌套对象设置为环境变量
var array = [1, 2, 3, 4];
pm.environment.set("array", JSON.stringify(array, null, 2));var obj = { a: [1, 2, 3, 4], b: { c: 'val' } };
pm.environment.set("obj", JSON.stringify(obj));
获取环境变量
pm.environment.get("variable_key");
获取环境变量（其值是字符串化对象）
// These statements should be wrapped in a try-catch block if the data is coming from an unknown source.var array = JSON.parse(pm.environment.get("array"));var obj = JSON.parse(pm.environment.get("obj"));
清除环境变量
pm.environment.unset("variable_key");
设置全局变量
pm.globals.set("variable_key", "variable_value");
获取全局变量
pm.globals.get("variable_key");
清除全局变量
pm.globals.unset("variable_key");
得到一个变量
此函数在全局变量和活动环境中搜索变量。
pm.variables.get("variable_key");
检查响应主体是否包含字符串
pm.test("Body matches string", function () {
pm.expect(pm.response.text()).to.include("string_you_want_to_search");});
检查响应主体是否等于字符串
pm.test("Body is correct", function () {
pm.response.to.have.body("response_body_string");});
检查JSON值
pm.test("Your test name", function () {
var jsonData = pm.response.json();
pm.expect(jsonData.value).to.eql(100);});
内容类型存在
pm.test("Content-Type is present", function () {
pm.response.to.have.header("Content-Type");});
响应时间小于200毫秒
pm.test("Response time is less than 200ms", function () {
pm.expect(pm.response.responseTime).to.be.below(200);});
状态代码是200
pm.test("Status code is 200", function () {
pm.response.to.have.status(200);});
代码名称包含一个字符串
pm.test("Status code name has string", function () {
pm.response.to.have.status("Created");});
成功的POST请求状态代码
pm.test("Successful POST request", function () {
pm.expect(pm.response.code).to.be.oneOf([201,202]);});
使用TinyValidator获取JSON数据
var schema = {
"items": {
"type": "boolean"
}};var data1 = [true, false];var data2 = [true, 123];
pm.test('Schema is valid', function() {
pm.expect(tv4.validate(data1, schema)).to.be.true;
pm.expect(tv4.validate(data2, schema)).to.be.true;});
JSON模式验证器
var Ajv = require('ajv'),
ajv = new Ajv({logger: console}),
schema = {
"properties": {
"alpha": {
"type": "boolean"
}
}
};
pm.test('Schema is valid', function() {
pm.expect(ajv.validate(schema, {alpha: true})).to.be.true;
pm.expect(ajv.validate(schema, {alpha: 123})).to.be.false;});
解码base64编码数据
var intermediate,
base64Content, // assume this has a base64 encoded value
rawContent = base64Content.slice('data:application/octet-stream;base64,'.length);
intermediate = CryptoJS.enc.Base64.parse(base64content); // CryptoJS is an inbuilt object, documented here: https://www.npmjs.com/package/crypto-js
pm.test('Contents are valid', function() {
pm.expect(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.stringify(intermediate)).to.be.true; // a check for non-emptiness});
发送异步请求
此功能既可用作预请求脚本，也可用作测试脚本。
pm.sendRequest("https://postman-echo.com/get", function (err, response) {
console.log(response.json());});
将XML主体转换为JSON对象
var jsonObject = xml2Json(responseBody);
示例数据文件
JSON文件由键/值对组成。
对于CSV文件，顶行需要包含变量名称。
较旧的写作邮差测试风格
较旧的Postman测试编写风格依赖于特殊tests对象的设置值。您可以为对象中的元素设置描述性键，然后说明它是真还是假。例如，tests["Body contains user_id"] = responsebody.has("user_id");将检查响应主体是否包含user_id字符串。
您可以根据需要添加任意数量的密钥，具体取决于您要测试的内容。在响应查看器下的“ 测试”选项卡下，您可以查看测试结果。选项卡标题显示传递了多少测试，并在此处列出了您在tests变量中设置的键。如果值的计算结果为true，则测试通过。
设置环境变量
postman.setEnvironmentVariable("key", "value");
将嵌套对象设置为环境变量
var array = [1, 2, 3, 4];
postman.setEnvironmentVariable("array", JSON.stringify(array, null, 2));var obj = { a: [1, 2, 3, 4], b: { c: 'val' } };
postman.setEnvironmentVariable("obj", JSON.stringify(obj));
获取环境变量
postman.getEnvironmentVariable("key");
获取环境变量（其值是字符串化对象）
// These statements should be wrapped in a try-catch block if the data is coming from an unknown source.var array = JSON.parse(postman.getEnvironmentVariable("array"));var obj = JSON.parse(postman.getEnvironmentVariable("obj"));
清除环境变量
postman.clearEnvironmentVariable("key");
设置全局变量
postman.setGlobalVariable("key", "value");
获取全局变量
postman.getGlobalVariable("key");
清除全局变量
postman.clearGlobalVariable("key");
检查响应主体是否包含字符串
tests["Body matches string"] = responseBody.has("string_you_want_to_search");
将XML主体转换为JSON对象
var jsonObject = xml2Json(responseBody);
检查响应主体是否等于字符串
tests["Body is correct"] = responseBody === "response_body_string";
检查JSON值
var data = JSON.parse(responseBody);
tests["Your test name"] = data.value === 100;
存在Content-Type（不区分大小写的检查）
tests["Content-Type is present"] = postman.getResponseHeader("Content-Type"); //Note: the getResponseHeader() method returns the header value, if it exists.
内容类型存在（区分大小写）
tests["Content-Type is present"] = responseHeaders.hasOwnProperty("Content-Type");
响应时间小于200毫秒
tests["Response time is less than 200ms"] = responseTime < 200;
响应时间在特定范围内（包含下限，上限不包括）
tests["Response time is acceptable"] = _.inRange(responseTime, 100, 1001); // _ is the inbuilt Lodash v3.10.1 object, documented at https://lodash.com/docs/3.10.1
状态代码是200
tests["Status code is 200"] = responseCode.code === 200;
代码名称包含一个字符串
tests["Status code name has string"] = responseCode.name.has("Created");
成功的POST请求状态代码
tests["Successful POST request"] = responseCode.code === 201 || responseCode.code === 202;
使用TinyValidator获取JSON数据
var schema = {
"items": {
"type": "boolean"
}};var data1 = [true, false];var data2 = [true, 123];
tests["Valid Data1"] = tv4.validate(data1, schema);
tests["Valid Data2"] = tv4.validate(data2, schema);
console.log("Validation failed: ", tv4.error);
解码base64编码数据
var intermediate,
base64Content, // assume this has a base64 encoded value
rawContent = base64Content.slice('data:application/octet-stream;base64,'.length);
intermediate = CryptoJS.enc.Base64.parse(base64content); // CryptoJS is an inbuilt object, documented here: https://www.npmjs.com/package/crypto-js
tests["Contents are valid"] = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.stringify(intermediate); // a check for non-e