• 学号 20175313 《实验二 面向对象程序设计》实验报告


    实验二 面向对象程序设计

    一、前期准备

    1. 熟悉三种代码的编写

    • 伪代码
    • 产品代码
    • 测试代码

    2. 学会 IDEA中配置单元测试工具JUnit

    • 打开IDEA,选择File->Setting打开设置对话框
    • 在设置对话框中选择Plugins, 单击Marketplace
    • 选择JUnitGenerator V2.0,点击Install安装
    • 安装好后可以在Installed里查看,如下图:
    • 安装完成后,要开始配置。
      • 我们在IDEA中新建一个项目,然后新建一个空类MyUtil:
      • 鼠标右击类名,选择go to->test->Create New Test
      • 弹出如下框框,选择JUnit3
    • 这时你会发现你的测试代码放在了src文件夹中,为了区分源代码和测试代码,所以我新建了的一个test文件夹存放测试代码,并将其设置为Test Sources Root,这样你的测试代码就可以自动的放在该文件夹中。
    • 显示TestCase是红色的,需要在IDEA中的项目中加入junit.jar包,junit.jar包:File->Project Structure->Dependancies->单击+->JARs or Directories

    二、实验内容

    • 任务一:对MyUtil类进行测试,测试用例至少要包含正常情况,错误情况,边界情况的测试。
    • 任务二:以TDD的方式研究学习StringBuffer,提交单元测试用例和测试通过的截图。
    • 任务三:
      • 对设计模式示例进行扩充,体会OCP原则和DIP原则的应用。
      • 让系统支持Short类,并在MyDoc类中添加测试代码表明添加正确,提交测试代码和运行结的截图,加上学号水印。
    • 任务四:以TDD的方式开发一个复数类Complex,要求如下:
    // 定义属性并生成getter,setter
    double RealPart;
    double ImagePart;
    // 定义构造函数
    public Complex()
    public Complex(double R,double I)
    
    //Override Object
    public boolean equals(Object obj)
    public String toString()
    
    // 定义公有方法:加减乘除
    Complex ComplexAdd(Complex a)
    Complex ComplexSub(Complex a)
    Complex ComplexMulti(Complex a)
    Complex ComplexDiv(Complex a)
    
    • 任务五:
      • 使用StarUML对实验二中的代码进行建模,发类图的截图,加上学号水印
      • 类图中只少两个类
      • 类,继承,接口实现,组合在UML中表达

    三、实验步骤

    任务一

    • 伪代码:
    百分制转五分制:
    如果成绩小于60,转成“不及格”
    如果成绩在60与70之间,转成“及格”
    如果成绩在70与80之间,转成“中等”
    如果成绩在80与90之间,转成“良好”
    如果成绩在90与100之间,转成“优秀”
    其他,转成“错误” 
    
    • 产品代码:
    public class MyUtil {
        public static String percentage2fivegrade(int grade) {
            if (grade < 0)
                return "错误";
            else if(grade<60){
                return "不及格";
            }
            else if(grade<70){
                return "及格";
            }
            else if(grade<80){
                return "中等";
            }
            else if (grade<90){
                return "良好";
            }
            else if (grade<=100){
                return "优秀";
            }
            else
                return "错误";
        }
    }
    
    • 测试代码:
    import junit.framework.TestCase;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    public class MyUtilTest extends TestCase {
        @Test
        public void testNormal() {
            assertEquals("不及格", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(55));
            assertEquals("及格", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(65));
            assertEquals("中等", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(75));
            assertEquals("良好", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(85));
            assertEquals("优秀", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(95));
        }
        @Test
        public void testException(){
            assertEquals("错误",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(-55));
            assertEquals("错误",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(115));
        }
        @Test
        public void testBoundary(){
            assertEquals("不及格",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(0));
            assertEquals("及格",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(60));
            assertEquals("中等",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(70));
            assertEquals("良好",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(80));
            assertEquals("优秀",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(90));
            assertEquals("优秀",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(100));
        }
    
    }
    
    • 测试结果截图:

    任务二

    • 产品代码
    public class StringBufferDemo {
    
        public StringBuffer setBuffer() {
            StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
            buffer.append('j');
            buffer.append("kjxlkjc");
            System.out.println(buffer.charAt(1));
            System.out.println(buffer.length());
            System.out.println(buffer.capacity());
            System.out.println(buffer.indexOf("jx"));
            System.out.println(buffer.toString());
            return buffer;
        }
    }
    
    • 测试代码
    import junit.framework.TestCase;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    public class StringBufferDemoTest extends TestCase {
        StringBuffer buffer1 = new StringBuffer();
        StringBuffer buffer2 = new StringBuffer("i am a student");
        StringBuffer buffer3 = new StringBuffer("i like java");
        StringBufferDemo stringBufferDemo = new StringBufferDemo();
        @Test
        public void testcharAt() {
            buffer1.append('h');
            buffer1.append("ello java");
            assertEquals('l',buffer1.charAt(2));
            assertEquals('h',buffer1.charAt(0));
            assertEquals('k',stringBufferDemo.setBuffer().charAt(1));
        }
        @Test
        public void testlength(){
            assertEquals(0,buffer1.length());
            assertEquals(14,buffer2.length());
            assertEquals(11,buffer3.length());
            assertEquals(8,stringBufferDemo.setBuffer().length());
        }
        @Test
        public void testcapacity(){
            assertEquals(16,buffer1.capacity());
            assertEquals(30,buffer2.capacity());
            assertEquals(27,buffer3.capacity());
            assertEquals(16,stringBufferDemo.setBuffer().capacity());
        }
        public void testToString(){
            assertEquals("",buffer1.toString());
            assertEquals("i am a student",buffer2.toString());
            assertEquals("i like java",buffer3.toString());
            assertEquals("jkjxlkjc",stringBufferDemo.setBuffer().toString());
        }
        public void testIndexOf(){
            assertEquals(0,buffer1.indexOf(""));
            assertEquals(2,buffer2.indexOf("am a st"));
            assertEquals(7,buffer3.indexOf("java"));
            assertEquals(2,stringBufferDemo.setBuffer().indexOf("jxlk"));
        }
    
    }
    
    • 测试结果截图:

    任务三

    • 产品代码
    // Server Classes
    abstract class Data {
        abstract public void DisplayValue();
    }
    class Integer extends  Data {
        int value;
        Integer() {
            value=100;
        }
        @Override
        public void DisplayValue(){
            System.out.println (value);
        }
    }
    class Short extends  Data {
        int value;
        Short() {
            value=5;
        }
        @Override
        public void DisplayValue(){
            System.out.println (value);
        }
    }
    abstract class Factory {
        abstract public Data CreateDataObject();
    }
    class IntFactory extends Factory {
        @Override
        public Data CreateDataObject(){
            return new Integer();
        }
    }
    class ShortFactory extends Factory {
        @Override
        public Data CreateDataObject(){
            return new Short();
        }
    }
    class Document {
        Data pd;
        Document(Factory pf){
            pd = pf.CreateDataObject();
        }
        public void DisplayData(){
            pd.DisplayValue();
        }
    }
    public class MyDoc {
        static Document d;
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            d = new Document(new IntFactory());
            d.DisplayData();
            d = new Document(new ShortFactory());
            d.DisplayData();
        }
    }
    
    • 运行结果截图:

    任务四

    • 产品代码
    import java.text.DecimalFormat;
    public class Complex {
        double RealPart;
        double ImagePart;
        public Complex(){
    
        }
        public Complex(double R,double I){
            RealPart = R;
            ImagePart = I;
        }
        public void setter(double R,double I){
            RealPart = R;
            ImagePart = I;
        }
        public double getterRealPart(){
            return RealPart;
        }
        public double getterImagePart(){
            return ImagePart;
        }
        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object obj){
            if(this==obj){
                return true;
            }
            else
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
        @Override
        public String toString(){
            String s = "";
            if(getterRealPart()==0&&getterImagePart()==0){
                s="0";
            }
            else if(getterRealPart()!=0&&getterImagePart()==0){
                s=s+getterRealPart();
            }
            else if (getterRealPart()==0&&getterImagePart()!=0){
                s=s+getterImagePart()+"i";
            }
            else
            {
                if(getterImagePart()<0){
                    s = s+getterRealPart()+getterImagePart()+"i";
                }
                else {
                    s = s+getterRealPart()+"+"+getterImagePart()+"i";
                }
    
            }
            return s;
        }
        public Complex ComplexAdd(Complex a){
            return new Complex((getterRealPart()+a.getterRealPart()),(getterImagePart()+a.getterImagePart()));
        }
        public Complex ComplexSub(Complex a){
            return new Complex((getterRealPart()-a.getterRealPart()),(getterImagePart()-a.getterImagePart()));
        }
        public Complex ComplexMulti(Complex a){
            double imaginePart = getterRealPart()*a.getterImagePart()+getterImagePart()*a.getterRealPart();
            double realPart = getterRealPart()*a.getterRealPart()-getterImagePart()*a.getterImagePart();
            return new Complex(realPart,imaginePart);
        }
        public Complex ComplexDiv(Complex a) throws Exception {
            double imaginePart = -getterRealPart()*a.getterImagePart()+getterImagePart()*a.getterRealPart();
            double realPart = getterRealPart()*a.getterRealPart()+getterImagePart()*a.getterImagePart();
            double div = a.getterRealPart()*a.getterRealPart()+a.getterImagePart()*a.getterImagePart();
            if(div==0){
                throw new Exception();
            }
            realPart = realPart/div;
            imaginePart = imaginePart/div;
            DecimalFormat decimalFormat = new DecimalFormat("0.0");
            return new Complex(Double.valueOf(decimalFormat.format(realPart)),Double.valueOf(decimalFormat.format(imaginePart)));
        }
    }
    
    • 测试代码
    import junit.framework.TestCase;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    public class ComplexTest extends TestCase {
        Complex complex = new Complex(34,56);
        Complex complex2 = new Complex();
        public void testGetterRealPart() {
            assertEquals(34.0,complex.getterRealPart());
            complex.setter(0,-1);
            assertEquals(0.0,complex.getterRealPart());
            complex.setter(-3.6,5);
            assertEquals(-3.6,complex.getterRealPart());
        }
    
        public void testGetterImagePart() {
            assertEquals(56.0,complex.getterImagePart());
            complex.setter(34,-56.989);
            assertEquals(-56.989,complex.getterImagePart());
            complex.setter(4,0);
            assertEquals(0.0,complex.getterImagePart());
        }
    
        public void testEquals() {
            assertTrue(complex.equals(complex));
            Complex complex2 = new Complex();
            assertFalse(complex.equals(complex2));
        }
    
        public void testToString() {
            complex.setter(0,0);
            assertEquals("0",complex.toString());
            complex.setter(0.2,3);
            assertEquals("0.2+3.0i",complex.toString());
            complex.setter(4.5,0);
            assertEquals("4.5",complex.toString());
            complex.setter(0,6);
            assertEquals("6.0i",complex.toString());
            complex.setter(-5.6,-6.7);
            assertEquals("-5.6-6.7i",complex.toString());
        }
    
        public void testComplexAdd() {
            complex2 = complex.ComplexAdd(new Complex(-33,-57));
            assertEquals("1.0-1.0i",complex2.toString());
            assertEquals("35.0+55.0i",complex2.ComplexAdd(complex).toString());
        }
    
        public void testComplexSub() {
            complex2 = complex.ComplexSub(new Complex(33,57));
            assertEquals("1.0-1.0i",complex2.toString());
            assertEquals("-33.0-57.0i",complex2.ComplexSub(complex).toString());
        }
    
        public void testComplexMulti() {
            complex.setter(-3.5,5);
            complex2.setter(0,0);
            assertEquals("0",complex.ComplexMulti(complex2).toString());
            complex2.setter(10,-3);
            assertEquals("-20.0+60.5i",complex.ComplexMulti(complex2).toString());
        }
        @Test(expected = Exception.class)
        public void testComplexDiv() throws Exception{
            complex.setter(3,3);
            complex2.setter(0,9);
            assertEquals("0.3-0.3i",complex.ComplexDiv(complex2).toString());
            complex.setter(0,0);
            assertEquals("0",complex.ComplexDiv(complex2).toString());
        }
    }
    
    • 测试结果截图:

    任务五

    四、实验过程中遇到的问题及其解决

    • 问题一:在进行Junit配置时找不到juint.jar和juint-4.12.jar这两个包
    • 解决方法:向别人拷贝lib文件夹
    • 问题二:在选择Testing library时,选择Junit4,对test文件运行时,程序报错。
    • 解决方法:在选择Testing library时,选择Junit3。
    • 问题3:对于append方法的使用了解的不够透彻,认为使用append会扩大capacity的值
    • 通过测试查看期待结果与实际结果的差别以及查看帮助文档,了解append方法的使用。
    • 测试结果截图:
    • 问题4:按照老师给的博客里的参考代码进行测试MyDoc,出现如下问题:
    • 问题5:解决完问题4后我发现我之前运行成功的源代码出现的如下问题:
    • 解决方法:点击小灯泡,按照提示做。
    • 问题6:对比了好久两个明明都是0,为什么会报错呢?
    • 解决方法:认真查看自己的测试代码,发现一个是字符串的0,一个是数字0,于是将测试代码complex.ComplexMulti(complex2)调用toString方法将其转化为字符串。
    • 问题7:对Complex类中的除法,得出的结果无法确定小数点的位数,所以对其做测试时无法pass。
    • 解决方法import java.text.DecimalFormat;DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat( "0.0");将计算后得到的结果小数位数控制在一位。

    五、码云链接

    六、参考代码

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xiannvyeye/p/10720425.html
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