• ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements


    转自:http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-01/127831.htm

    为了加强安全性,MySQL5.7为root用户随机生成了一个密码,在error log中,关于error log的位置,如果安装的是RPM包,则默认是/var/log/mysqld.log。

    一般可通过log_error设置

    mysql> select @@log_error;
    +---------------------+
    | @@log_error         |
    +---------------------+
    | /var/log/mysqld.log |
    +---------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    可通过# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log 命令获取MySQL的临时密码

    2016-01-19T05:16:36.218234Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: waQ,qR%be2(5

    用该密码登录到服务端后,必须马上修改密码,不然会报如下错误:

    mysql> select user();
    ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

    如果只是修改为一个简单的密码,会报以下错误:

    mysql>  ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY '12345678';
    ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

    这个其实与validate_password_policy的值有关。

    validate_password_policy有以下取值:

    PolicyTests Performed
    0 or LOW Length
    1 or MEDIUM Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters
    2 or STRONG Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file

    默认是1,即MEDIUM,所以刚开始设置的密码必须符合长度,且必须含有数字,小写或大写字母,特殊字符。

    有时候,只是为了自己测试,不想密码设置得那么复杂,譬如说,我只想设置root的密码为123456。

    必须修改两个全局参数:

    首先,修改validate_password_policy参数的值

    mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    这样,判断密码的标准就基于密码的长度了。这个由validate_password_length参数来决定。

    mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
    +----------------------------+
    | @@validate_password_length |
    +----------------------------+
    |                          8 |
    +----------------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    validate_password_length参数默认为8,它有最小值的限制,最小值为:

    validate_password_number_count
    + validate_password_special_char_count
    + (2 * validate_password_mixed_case_count)

    其中,validate_password_number_count指定了密码中数据的长度,validate_password_special_char_count指定了密码中特殊字符的长度,validate_password_mixed_case_count指定了密码中大小字母的长度。

    这些参数,默认值均为1,所以validate_password_length最小值为4,如果你显性指定validate_password_length的值小于4,尽管不会报错,但validate_password_length的值将设为4。如下所示:

    mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
    +----------------------------+
    | @@validate_password_length |
    +----------------------------+
    |                          8 |
    +----------------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
    +----------------------------+
    | @@validate_password_length |
    +----------------------------+
    |                          4 |
    +----------------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    如果修改了validate_password_number_count,validate_password_special_char_count,validate_password_mixed_case_count中任何一个值,则validate_password_length将进行动态修改。

    mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
    +----------------------------+
    | @@validate_password_length |
    +----------------------------+
    |                          4 |
    +----------------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> select @@validate_password_mixed_case_count;
    +--------------------------------------+
    | @@validate_password_mixed_case_count |
    +--------------------------------------+
    |                                    1 |
    +--------------------------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=2;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> select @@validate_password_mixed_case_count;
    +--------------------------------------+
    | @@validate_password_mixed_case_count |
    +--------------------------------------+
    |                                    2 |
    +--------------------------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
    +----------------------------+
    | @@validate_password_length |
    +----------------------------+
    |                          6 |
    +----------------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    当然,前提是validate_password插件必须已经安装,MySQL5.7是默认安装的。

    那么如何验证validate_password插件是否安装呢?可通过查看以下参数,如果没有安装,则输出将为空。

    mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
    +--------------------------------------+-------+
    | Variable_name                        | Value |
    +--------------------------------------+-------+
    | validate_password_dictionary_file    |       |
    | validate_password_length             | 6     |
    | validate_password_mixed_case_count   | 2     |
    | validate_password_number_count       | 1     |
    | validate_password_policy             | LOW   |
    | validate_password_special_char_count | 1     |
    +--------------------------------------+-------+
    6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/x_wukong/p/5859512.html
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