• 9. GUI编程


    GUI编程

    1、 简介

    【相关组件】:

    1. 窗口
    2. 弹窗
    3. 面板
      4.文本框
      5.列表框
      6.按钮
      7.图片
      8.监听事件
      9.鼠标
      10.键盘事件
      11.破解工具
    • GUI核心开发技术:Swing和AWT,

    • 不流行原因:1. 界面不美观;2. 需要jre环境!

    • 为什么要学习?

      • 可以写出自己心中想要的一些小工具
      • 工作时候,也可能需要维护到swing界面,概率极小!
      • 了解MVC架构,了解架构!

    2、 AWT

    2.1、Awt介绍

    1. 包含了很多类和接口;

    2. GUI:图形用户界面编程;

    3. 元素: 窗口,按钮,文本框java.awt包里

    2.2、组件和容器

    1、Frame

    package GUI;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    
    //GUI的第一个界面
    public class TestFrame1 {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            //Frame,JDK,    看源码!
            Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图像界面窗口");
    
            //需要设置可见性
            frame.setVisible(true);
    
            //设置窗口大小
            frame.setSize(400,400);
    
            //设置背景颜色
    //        frame.setBackground(Color.blue);  //第一种设置背景颜色,使用默认的背景颜色
            frame.setBackground(new Color(45, 52, 57));
    
            //弹出初始位置
            frame.setLocation(200,200);
    
            //设置大小固定
            frame.setResizable(false);
        }
    }
    

    结果显示:

    • 创建多个界面
    package GUI;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    
    //生成多个GUI界面
    public class TestFrame2{
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100,100,200,200,Color.blue);
            MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300,100,200,200,Color.green);
            MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100,300,200,200,Color.yellow);
            MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300,300,200,200,Color.red);
        }
    }
    
    class MyFrame extends Frame{
        static int id = 0;      //可能存在多个窗口,我们需要一个计算器
    
        public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
            super("MyFrame+"+(++id));
            setBackground(color);
            setBounds(x,y,w,h);
            setVisible(true);
        }
    }
    

    结果显示:

    2、面板Panel

    【关闭】:此例子提供关闭的问题

    package GUI;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    public class TestPanel1 {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Frame frame = new Frame();
            Panel panel = new Panel();
            //设置布局
            frame.setLayout(null);
    
            //坐标
            frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
            //设置背景颜色
            frame.setBackground(new Color(40,161,35));
    
            //panel(面板) 设置坐标,相对于frame
            panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
            panel.setBackground(new Color(194,15,60));
    
            //frame.add(panel)
            frame.add(panel);
            frame.setVisible(true);
    
            //监听事件,监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
            //适配器模式:
            frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                //窗口点击关闭的时候,需要做的事情
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    //结束程序
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    3、布局管理器

    • 流式布局
    package GUI;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    public class TestFrameLayout1 {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Frame frame = new Frame();
            //组件-按钮
            Button button1 = new Button("Button1");
            Button button2 = new Button("Button2");
            Button button3 = new Button("Button3");
            //设置为流式布局
    //        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());  //默认为居中
    //        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));   //设置为左边
            frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout((FlowLayout.RIGHT))); //设置为右边
    
            frame.setSize(400,400);
    
            frame.add(button1);
            frame.add(button2);
            frame.add(button3);
    
            frame.setVisible(true);
    
            //停止启动
            frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    • 东西南北中
    package GUI;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    public class TestBorderLayout {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
    
            Button east = new Button("East");
            Button west = new Button("West");
            Button south = new Button("South");
            Button north = new Button("North");
            Button center = new Button("Center");
    
            frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);  //右侧
            frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);  //左侧
            frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH); //尾部
            frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);  //顶部
            frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER); //居中
    
            frame.setSize(400,400);
    
            frame.setVisible(true);
    
    
            frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    • 表格布局
    package GUI;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    public class TestGridLayout {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");
    
            Button bth1 = new Button("bth1");
            Button bth2 = new Button("bth2");
            Button bth3 = new Button("bth3");
            Button bth4 = new Button("bth4");
            Button bth5 = new Button("bth5");
            Button bth6 = new Button("bth6");
    
            frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
    
            frame.add(bth1);
            frame.add(bth2);
            frame.add(bth3);
            frame.add(bth4);
            frame.add(bth5);
            frame.add(bth6);
    
            frame.pack();   //Java函数,自动填充
            frame.setVisible(true);
    
            frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    实例1:

    package GUI;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    public class EXDome {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            //总 Frame
            Frame frame = new Frame();
            frame.setSize(400,400);
            frame.setLocation(300,400);
    //        frame.setBackground(Color.blue);
            frame.setBackground(new Color(65, 209, 221));
            frame.setVisible(true);
            frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
    
            //4个面板
            Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
            Panel p5 = new Panel(new GridLayout(1,1));
            Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
            Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
            Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(1,2));
            Panel p6 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
    
            //上面ok
            p1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
            p1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
            p2.add(new Button("p5-bth-1"));
            p2.add(new Button("p5-bth-2"));
            p5.add(new Button("p2-bth-1"));
    //        p2.add(new Button("p2-bth-2"));
            p6.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
            p6.add(p5,BorderLayout.CENTER);
            p1.add(p6,BorderLayout.CENTER);
    
            //下面
            p3.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
            p3.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
            //中间4个
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                p4.add(new Button("for-"+i));
            }
            p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
            frame.add(p1);
            frame.add(p3);
    
    
    
            frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    实例2:

    package GUI;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    public class EXDome2 {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            //总 Frame
            Frame frame = new Frame();
            frame.setSize(400,400);
            frame.setLocation(300,400);
    //        frame.setBackground(Color.blue);
            frame.setBackground(new Color(65, 209, 221));
            frame.setVisible(true);
            frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
    
            //4个面板
            Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
            Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
            Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
            Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
    
            //上面ok
            p1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
            p1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
            p2.add(new Button("p2-bth-1"));
            p2.add(new Button("p2-bth-2"));
            p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
    
            //下面
            p3.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
            p3.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
            //中间4个
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                p4.add(new Button("for-"+i));
            }
            p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
            frame.add(p1);
            frame.add(p3);
    
    
    
            frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    总结:

    1. Frame是一个顶级窗口;
    2. Panel无法单独显示,必须添加到某个容器;
    3. 布局管理器
      • 流式
      • 东西南北中
      • 表格
    4. 大小,定位,背景颜色,可见性,监听!

    2.4、事件监听

    事件监听:当某个事情发生的时候,干什么?

    实现事件监听
    package GUI;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
    import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    public class TestActionEvent1 {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            //按下按钮,触发一些事件
            Frame frame = new Frame();
            Button button = new Button("button1");
            //因为,addactionlistener()需要一个ActionListener,所以我们需要构造一个ActionListener
            MyActingLinstener myActingLinstener = new MyActingLinstener();
            button.addActionListener(myActingLinstener);
    
            frame.add(button);
            frame.pack();
            windowClose(frame);  //关闭窗口
            frame.setVisible(true);
        }
        //关闭窗口事件
        private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
            frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
    }
    
    //事件监听
    class MyActingLinstener implements ActionListener{
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            System.out.println("aaa");  //创建监听事件
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    两个按钮同时实现一个监听
    package GUI;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
    import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    
    public class TestActionTwo {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Frame frame = new Frame("启动-停止");  //创建一个顶级窗口
            frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));  //将顶级窗口弄成表格布局
            frame.setSize(400,400);  //设置窗口大小
            frame.setLocation(200,200);  //设置窗口出现位置
            frame.setVisible(true);   //设置顶级窗口可见
    
            //创建两个面板
            Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
            Panel p2 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
    
            //创建两个按钮
            Button button1 = new Button("start");
            Button button2 = new Button("stop");
    
            button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");  //设置需要接收的字符串
            MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();  //new一个事件
    
            //将两个按钮都指向一个事件
            button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
            button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);
    
            //将两个按钮分别加入到p1,p2面板中,并以表格布局方式布局
            p1.add(button1 ,BorderLayout.CENTER);
            p2.add(button2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
    
            //将两个面板加入到顶级窗口中
            frame.add(p1);
            frame.add(p2);
            WindosExit(frame); //调用关闭窗口事件
    
        }
        //创建一个窗口关闭事件
        private static void WindosExit(Frame frame){
            frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
    }
    
    //创建一个事件
    class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            System.out.println("按钮被点击了:msg=>"+e.getActionCommand());
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    2.5、输入框TextField 监听

    package GUI;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
    import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    public class TsetText1 {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            //启动!
            new MyFrame1();
        }
    }
    
    class MyFrame1 extends Frame{
        public MyFrame1(){
            TextField textField = new TextField();  //创建文本框
            add(textField); //将文本框加入到顶级窗口里
    
            MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2(); //监听这个文本框输入的文字
            textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);//按下enter  就会出发这个输入框的事件
            textField.setEchoChar('*');//设置替换编码
            setVisible(true);  //显示窗口文件
            pack();  //顶级窗口适应大小
    
            //创建关闭窗口事件
            addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
    }
    
    class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    
            //(TextField)e.getSource():强转
            TextField field = (TextField)e.getSource();// 获得一些资源,返回的一个对象
            System.out.println(field.getText()); //获得输入框的文本
            field.setText("");  //PS:null:表示对象;  "":表示为空
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    2.6、简易计算器,组合+内部类回顾复习!

    oop原则:组合,大于继承!

    class A extends B{
        
    }
    
    class A{
        public B b;
    }
    
    • 简易计算器(原始代码)
    package GUI;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
    import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    //简易计算器
    public class TestCalc {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new calculator();
        }
    }
    
    //计算器类
    class calculator extends Frame{
        public calculator() {
            //3个文本框
            TextField num1 = new TextField(10);
            TextField num2 = new TextField(10);
            TextField num3 = new TextField(20);
    
            //1 个按钮
            Button button = new Button("=");
            button.addActionListener(new CalsActionListener(num1,num2,num3));
    
            //1 个标签
            Label label = new Label("+");
    
            //布局,流式布局
            setLayout(new FlowLayout());
    
            add(num1);
            add(label);
            add(num2);
            add(button);
            add(num3);
            pack();
            setVisible(true);
    		
            //关闭窗口事件
            addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
    }
    
    //监听器类
    class CalsActionListener implements ActionListener{
    
        //获取三个变量
        private TextField num1,num2,num3;
    
        public CalsActionListener(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3){
            this.num1=num1;
            this.num2=num2;
            this.num3=num3;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1. 获得加数和被加数
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
    
            //2. 将这个值 + 法后运算后,放到第三个框
            num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
            //3. 清楚前两个框
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    • 简易计算器(优化代码)
    package GUI;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
    import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    //简易计算器
    public class TestCalc {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new Calculator().loadFrame();
        }
    }
    
    //计算器类
    class Calculator extends Frame{
    
        //属性
        TextField num1,num2,num3;
    
        //方法
        public void loadFrame() {
            //3个文本框
            num1 = new TextField(10);
            num2 = new TextField(10);
            num3 = new TextField(20);
            Button button = new Button("="); //1 个按钮
            Label label = new Label("+"); //1 个标签
            button.addActionListener(new CalsActionListener(this));
    
    
    
    
            //布局,流式布局
            setLayout(new FlowLayout());
            add(num1);
            add(label);
            add(num2);
            add(button);
            add(num3);
            pack();
            setVisible(true);
    
            //创建关闭事件
            addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
    }
    
    //监听器类
    class CalsActionListener implements ActionListener{
    
        //获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另外一个类;
        Calculator calculator= null;
    
        public CalsActionListener(Calculator calculator){
            this.calculator = calculator;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1. 获得加数和被加数
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
            //2. 将这个值 + 法后运算后,放到第三个框
            calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
            //3. 清除前两个框
            calculator.num1.setText("");
            calculator.num2.setText("");
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    • 简易计算器(面向对象编程)

    【内部类】:更好的封装类。

    package GUI;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
    import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    public class TestCalc {public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
    
    }
    //计算器类
    class Calculator extends Frame{
    
        //属性
        TextField num1,num2,num3;
    
        //方法
        public void loadFrame() {
            //3个文本框
            num1 = new TextField(10);
            num2 = new TextField(10);
            num3 = new TextField(20);
            Button button = new Button("="); //1 个按钮
            Label label = new Label("+"); //1 个标签
            button.addActionListener(new CalsActionListener());
    
    
            //布局,流式布局
            setLayout(new FlowLayout());
            add(num1);
            add(label);
            add(num2);
            add(button);
            add(num3);
            pack();
            setVisible(true);
    
            //创建关闭事件
            addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
        //监听器类
        private class CalsActionListener implements ActionListener{
    
            //获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另外一个类;
    
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //1. 获得加数和被加数
                int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
                int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
                //2. 将这个值 + 法后运算后,放到第三个框
                num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
                //3. 清楚前两个框
                num1.setText("");
                num2.setText("");
            }
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    2.7、画笔

    package GUI.lesson01;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    public class TestPaint {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new MyPaint().loadFrame();
        }
    }
    
    class MyPaint extends Frame{
        public void loadFrame(){
            setTitle("画笔");   //设置顶级窗口名称
            setBounds(200,200,600,600);  //设置顶级窗口出现位置及大小
            setVisible(true);  //显示顶级窗口可以见
    
            //窗口关闭事件
            addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
    
        //画笔
        @Override
        public void paint(Graphics g) {
            //画笔,需要有颜色,画笔可以画画
            g.setColor(Color.red);
    //        g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);  //空心圆
            g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);  //实心的圆
    
            g.setColor(Color.green);
            g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);  //实心长方形
            
            //养成习惯,画笔用完后,将它还原到最初的颜色
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    2.8、鼠标监听

    package GUI.lesson01;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Iterator;
    
    //鼠标监听事件
    public class TestMouseListener {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new MyFrame("画图");
        }
    }
    
    //创建自己的类
    class MyFrame extends Frame{
        //画画需要画笔,需要监听鼠标当前的位置,需要集合来存储这个点
        ArrayList points;
    
        public MyFrame(String title){
            super(title);
            setBounds(200,200,400,500);
            setVisible(true);
            //存鼠标点击的点
            points = new ArrayList<>();
    
            //鼠标监听器,正对这个窗口
            this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
            
            //关闭事件
            addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
    
        @Override
        public void paint(Graphics g) {
            //画画,监听鼠标的事件
            Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()){
                Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
                g.setColor(Color.blue);
                g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
            }
        }
    
        //添加一个点到界面上
        public void addPaint(Point point){
            points.add(point);
        }
    
        //适配器模式
        private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
            //鼠标,按下,弹起,按住不放
            @Override
            public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
                MyFrame frame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
                //这个我们点击的时候,就会在界面上产生一个点!画
                //这个点就是鼠标的点;
                frame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
    
                //每次点击鼠标都要需要重新画一遍
                frame.repaint();
    
            }
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    2.9、窗口监听

    package GUI.lesson01;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    public class TestWindow {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new WindowFram();
        }
    }
    
    class WindowFram extends Frame{
        public WindowFram(){
            setBackground(Color.blue);  //顶级窗口背景颜色
            setBounds(100,100,200,200);    //创建顶级窗口弹出位置及大小
            setVisible(true);   //设置顶级窗口可见
    //        addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
    
            this.addWindowListener(
                    //匿名内部类
                    new WindowAdapter() {
    
                        //关闭窗口
                        @Override
                        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                            System.out.println("windowClosing");
    //                        setVisible(false);  //隐藏窗口,通过按钮,隐藏当前窗口
                            System.exit(0);
                        }
    
                        @Override
                        public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                            WindowFram source = (WindowFram) e.getSource();
                            source.setTitle("被激活了");
                            System.out.println("windowActivated");
                        }
                });
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    2.10、键盘监听

    package GUI.lesson01;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
    
    public class TestzKeyListener {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new KeyFrame();
        }
    }
    
    class KeyFrame extends Frame{
        public KeyFrame(){
            setTitle("键盘监视器");  //顶级窗口标题
            setBounds(1,2,500,500);  //顶级窗口出现位置及大小
            setBackground(Color.CYAN);  //设置窗口颜色
            setVisible(true);  //显示窗口界面
            //创建关闭窗口监听事件
            this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
            //创建键盘监听事件
            this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
                //键盘按下
                @Override
                public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                    //获得键盘按下的键是哪一个,当前十六进制的码
                    int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();  //不需要去记录这个数值,直接使用静态属性 VK_XXXX
                    System.out.println(keyCode);
                    if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                        System.out.println("你按下了上键");
                    }
                    //根据按下后的不同操作,参数不同结果
                }
            });
        }
    }
    

    输出结果:

    3、Swing

    3.1、窗口、面板

    package GUI.lesson01;
    
    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    
    public class JFrameDemo {
        //init();初始化
        public void init(){
    
            JFrame jf = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口"); //顶级窗口
            jf.setVisible(true);
            jf.setBounds(100,100,400,400);
            jf.setBackground(Color.yellow);
    
            JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎来到英雄联盟");  //设置文字Jlabel
    
            jf.add(label);
    
    
            jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //关闭事件
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new JFrameDemo().init();
        }
    }
    

    输出结果显示:

    标签居中

    package GUI.lesson01;
    
    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    
    public class JFrameDemo02 {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new MyFrame2().init();
        }
    }
    class MyFrame2 extends JFrame{
        public void init(){
            this.setBounds(100,100,400,400);
            this.setVisible(true);
    
    
            JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎来到英雄联盟");  //设置文字Jlabel
    
            this.add(label);
    
            label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);    //让文本标签剧中   设置水平对齐
    
            Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();  //获得一个容器
            contentPane.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
    
            this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);  //创建关闭事件
        }
    }
    

  • 相关阅读:
    设计模式之适配器模式(Decorator)
    可复用面向对象软件的基础
    dpkg命令的用法
    UML类图几种关系的总结
    Java多线程并发编程之原子变量与非阻塞同步机制
    Java内部类总结
    多线程并发编程之构建自定义同步工具
    多线程并发编程之显示锁ReentrantLock和读写锁
    多线程并发编程之变量
    汇编语言学习系列 冒泡排序实现
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wylym/p/14143573.html
Copyright © 2020-2023  润新知