17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number
Medium
Given a string containing digits from
2-9
inclusive, return all possible letter combinations that the number could represent.A mapping of digit to letters (just like on the telephone buttons) is given below. Note that 1 does not map to any letters.
Example:
Input: "23" Output: ["ad", "ae", "af", "bd", "be", "bf", "cd", "ce", "cf"].
解答:
class Solution { public List<String> letterCombinations(String digits) { String[] table = new String[]{"","","abc","def","ghi","jkl","mno","pqrs","tuv","wxyz"}; List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(); letterCombinations(list, digits, "", 0, table); return list; } private void letterCombinations(List<String> list, String digits, String curr, int index, String[] table) { // 最后一层退出条件 if(index == digits.length()) { if(curr.length() != 0) { list.add(curr); } return; } String temp = table[digits.charAt(index)-'0']; for(int i = 0; i < temp.length(); i++) { String next = curr + temp.charAt(i); // 进入下一层 letterCombinations(list, digits, next, index+1, table); } } }
经典的backtracking(回溯算法)的题目。当一个题目,存在各种满足条件的组合,并且需要把它们全部列出来时,就可以考虑backtracking了。当然,backtracking在一定程度上属于穷举,所以当数据特别大的时候,不合适。而对于那些题目,可能就需要通过动态规划来完成。
这道题的思路很简单,假设输入的是"23",2对应的是"abc",3对应的是"edf",那么我们在递归时,先确定2对应的其中一个字母(假设是a),然后进入下一层,穷举3对应的所有字母,并组合起来("ae","ad","af"),当"edf"穷举完后,返回上一层,更新字母b,再重新进入下一层。这个就是backtracing的基本思想。
https://www.cnblogs.com/kepuCS/p/5271654.html