第一部分 理论部分
◼ JAR文件◼ 应用程序首选项存储◼ Java Web Start
JAR文件：
1.Java程序的打包：程序编译完成后，程序员将.class文件压缩打包为.jar文件后，GUI界面程序就可以直接双击图标运行。
2.jar文件（Java归档）既可以包含类文件，也可包含诸如图像和声音这些其它类型的文件。
3.JAR文件是压缩的，它使用ZIP压缩格式。
jar命令 1 jar命令格式： jar {ctxui} [vfm0Me] [jar-file] [manifest-file] [entry-point] [-C dir] files ... 2 Jar命令选项（教材581页表13-1）： – -c 创建一个新的或者空的存档文件并加入文件。 – -C 暂时改变到指定的目录 – -e 在清单文件中创建一个条目 – -f 将JAR文件名指定为第二个命令行参数 – -i 为指定的JAR文件产生索引信息 – -m 将一个清单文件（manifest）添加到JAR文件中 – -M 不产生所有项的清单文件（manifest） – -t 列出存档内容的列表 – -u 更新已存在的JAR文件 – -v 生成详细的输出结果 – -x 解压存档中的命名的（或所有的〕文件 – -0 只存储方式，不用ZIP压缩格式
(1) 创建JAR文件 jar cf jar-file input-file(s) c---want to Create a JAR file. eg: 1) jar cf MenuTest.jar *.class *.gif f---want the output to go to a file rather than to stdout. 2) jar cvf MenuTest.jar *.class *.gif v---Produces verbose output to stdout. 3) jar cvf MenuTest.jar * *---create all contents in current directory. 4) jar cv0f MenuTest.jar * 0---don't want the JAR file to be compressed.
(2) 查看JAR文件 jar tf jar-file t---want to view the Table of contents of the JAR file. eg: 1) jar tvf MenuTest.jar v---Produces verbose output to stdout.
(3) 提取JAR文件 jar xf jar-file [archived-file(s)] x---want to extract files from the JAR archive. eg: 1) jar xf MenuTest.jar copy.gif(仅提取文件copy.gif) 2) jar xf MenuTest.jar alex/copy.gif(仅提取目录alex下的 文件copy.gif) 3) jar xf MenuTest.jar(提取该JAR中的所有文件或目录)
(4) 更新JAR文件 jar uf jar-file input-file(s) u---want to update an existing JAR file. eg: 1) jar uf MenuTest.jar copy.gif (5) 索引JAR文件 jar i jar-file i---index an existing JAR file. eg: 1) jar i MenuTest.jar
清单文件
⚫ 每个JAR文件中包含一个用于描述归档特征的清单文件(manifest)。清单文件被命名为MANIFEST.MF，它位于JAR文件的一个特殊的META-INF子目录中。
⚫ 最小的符合标准的清单文件是很简单的：Manifest-Version：1.0复杂的清单文件包含多个条目，这些条目被分成多个节。第一节被称为主节，作用于整个JAR文件。随后的条目用来指定已命名条目的属性，可以是文件、包或者URL。
⚫ 清单文件的节与节之间用空行分开，最后一行必须以换行符结束。否则，清单文件将无法被正确地读取。
– 创建一个包含清单的JAR文件，应该运行：
jar cfm MyArchive.jar manifest.mf com/*.class
– 要更新一个已有JAR文件的清单，则需要将增加的部分
放置到一个文本文件中，运行如下命令：
jar ufm MyArchive.jar manifest-additions.mf
运行JAR文件
⚫ 用户可以通过下面的命令来启动应用程序：
java –jar MyProgram.jar
⚫ 窗口操作系统，可通过双击JAR文件图标来启动应用程序。
资源
⚫ Java中，应用程序使用的类通常需要一些相关的数据文件，这些文件称为资源(Resource)。
–图像和声音文件。
–带有消息字符串和按钮标签的文本文件。
–二进制数据文件，如：描述地图布局的文件。
⚫ 类加载器知道如何搜索类文件，直到在类路径、存档文件或Web服务器上找到为止。
⚫ 利用资源机制对于非类文件也可以进行同样操作，具体步骤如下：
– 获得资源的Class对象。
– 如果资源是一个图像或声音文件，那么就需要调用getresource(filename)获得资源的URL位置，然后利用getImage或getAudioClip方法进行读取。
– 如果资源是文本或二进制文件，那么就可以使用getResouceAsStream方法读取文件中的数据。
⚫ 资源文件可以与类文件放在同一个目录中，也可以将资源文件放在其它子目录中。具体有以下两种方式：
–相对资源名：如data/text/about.txt它会被解释为相对于加载这个资源的类所在的包。
–绝对资源名：如/corejava/title.txt ⚫ ResourceTest.java程序演示了资源加载的过程。 ⚫ 编译、创建JAR文件和执行这个程序的命令如下： – javac ResourceTest.java – jar cvfm ResourceTest.jar ResourceTest.mf *.class *.gif *.txt – java –jar ResourceTest.jar
1、实验目的与要求
(1) 掌握Java应用程序的打包操作；
(2) 了解应用程序存储配置信息的两种方法；
(3) 掌握基于JNLP协议的java Web Start应用程序的发布方法；
(5) 掌握Java GUI 编程技术。
2.实验部分
实验1： 导入第13章示例程序，测试程序并进行代码注释。
测试程序1
l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材585页程序13-1，结合程序运行结果理解程序；
l 将所生成的JAR文件移到另外一个不同的目录中，再运行该归档文件，以便确认程序是从JAR文件中，而不是从当前目录中读取的资源。
l 掌握创建JAR文件的方法；
package resource;
import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;
/**
* @version 1.41 2015-06-12
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public class ResourceTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
JFrame frame = new ResourceTestFrame();
frame.setTitle("ResourceTest");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
});
}
}
/**
* A frame that loads image and text resources.
*/
class ResourceTestFrame extends JFrame
{
private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 300;
public ResourceTestFrame()
{
setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
URL aboutURL = getClass().getResource("about.gif");
Image img = new ImageIcon(aboutURL).getImage();
setIconImage(img);
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea();
InputStream stream = getClass().getResourceAsStream("about.txt");
try (Scanner in = new Scanner(stream, "UTF-8"))
{
while (in.hasNext())
textArea.append(in.nextLine() + "
");
}
add(textArea);
}
}
测试程序2
l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材583页-584程序13-2，结合程序运行结果理解程序；
l 了解Properties类中常用的方法；
package properties;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.swing.*;
/**
* A program to test properties. The program remembers the frame position, size,
* and title.
* @version 1.01 2015-06-16
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public class PropertiesTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
PropertiesFrame frame = new PropertiesFrame();
frame.setVisible(true);
});
}
}
/**
* A frame that restores position and size from a properties file and updates
* the properties upon exit.
*/
class PropertiesFrame extends JFrame
{
private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
private File propertiesFile;
private Properties settings;
public PropertiesFrame()
{
// 从属性中获取位置、大小和标题
String userDir = System.getProperty("user.home");
File propertiesDir = new File(userDir, ".corejava");
if (!propertiesDir.exists()) propertiesDir.mkdir();
propertiesFile = new File(propertiesDir, "program.properties");
Properties defaultSettings = new Properties();
defaultSettings.setProperty("left", "0");
defaultSettings.setProperty("top", "0");
defaultSettings.setProperty("width", "" + DEFAULT_WIDTH);
defaultSettings.setProperty("height", "" + DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
defaultSettings.setProperty("title", "");
settings = new Properties(defaultSettings);
if (propertiesFile.exists())
try (InputStream in = new FileInputStream(propertiesFile))
{
settings.load(in);
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
int left = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("left"));
int top = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("top"));
int width = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("width"));
int height = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("height"));
setBounds(left, top, width, height);
// 如果没有标题，询问用户
String title = settings.getProperty("title");
if (title.equals(""))
title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
if (title == null) title = "";
setTitle(title);
//添加指定的窗口侦听器，以从此窗口接收窗口事件。
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
{
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent event)
{
settings.setProperty("left", "" + getX());
settings.setProperty("top", "" + getY());
settings.setProperty("width", "" + getWidth());
settings.setProperty("height", "" + getHeight());
settings.setProperty("title", getTitle());
try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(propertiesFile))
{
settings.store(out, "Program Properties");
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
测试结果如下所示
测试程序3
l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材593页-594程序13-3，结合程序运行结果理解程序；
l 了解Preferences类中常用的方法；
package preferences;
import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.prefs.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.filechooser.*;
/**
* A program to test preference settings. The program remembers the frame
* position, size, and title.
* @version 1.03 2015-06-12
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public class PreferencesTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
PreferencesFrame frame = new PreferencesFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
});
}
}
/**
* A frame that restores position and size from user preferences and updates the
* preferences upon exit.
*/
class PreferencesFrame extends JFrame
{
private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
private Preferences root = Preferences.userRoot();
private Preferences node = root.node("/com/horstmann/corejava");
public PreferencesFrame()
{
// get position, size, title from preferences
int left = node.getInt("left", 0);
int top = node.getInt("top", 0);
int width = node.getInt("width", DEFAULT_WIDTH);
int height = node.getInt("height", DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
setBounds(left, top, width, height);
// if no title given, ask user
String title = node.get("title", "");
if (title.equals(""))
title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
if (title == null) title = "";
setTitle(title);
// 设置显示XML文件的文件选择器
final JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser();
chooser.setCurrentDirectory(new File("."));
chooser.setFileFilter(new FileNameExtensionFilter("XML files", "xml"));
// 设置菜单
JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
setJMenuBar(menuBar);
JMenu menu = new JMenu("File");
menuBar.add(menu);
JMenuItem exportItem = new JMenuItem("Export preferences");
menu.add(exportItem);
exportItem
.addActionListener(event -> {
if (chooser.showSaveDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
{
try
{
savePreferences();
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(chooser
.getSelectedFile());
node.exportSubtree(out);
out.close();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
JMenuItem importItem = new JMenuItem("Import preferences");
menu.add(importItem);
importItem
.addActionListener(event -> {
if (chooser.showOpenDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
{
try
{
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(chooser
.getSelectedFile());
Preferences.importPreferences(in);
in.close();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
JMenuItem exitItem = new JMenuItem("Exit");
menu.add(exitItem);
exitItem.addActionListener(event -> {
savePreferences();
System.exit(0);
});
}
public void savePreferences()
{
node.putInt("left", getX());
node.putInt("top", getY());
node.putInt("width", getWidth());
node.putInt("height", getHeight());
node.put("title", getTitle());
}
}
测试结果如下所示
测试程序4
l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材619页-622程序13-6，结合程序运行结果理解程序；
l 掌握基于JNLP协议的java Web Start应用程序的发布方法。
package webstart;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
/**
* A calculator with a calculation history that can be deployed as a Java Web Start application.
* @version 1.04 2015-06-12
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public class Calculator
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
CalculatorFrame frame = new CalculatorFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
});
}
}
package webstart;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.jnlp.BasicService;
import javax.jnlp.FileContents;
import javax.jnlp.FileOpenService;
import javax.jnlp.FileSaveService;
import javax.jnlp.PersistenceService;
import javax.jnlp.ServiceManager;
import javax.jnlp.UnavailableServiceException;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
/**
* A frame with a calculator panel and a menu to load and save the calculator history.
*/
public class CalculatorFrame extends JFrame
{
private CalculatorPanel panel;
public CalculatorFrame()
{
setTitle();
panel = new CalculatorPanel();
add(panel);
JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");
JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
menuBar.add(fileMenu);
setJMenuBar(menuBar);
JMenuItem openItem = fileMenu.add("Open");
openItem.addActionListener(event -> open());
JMenuItem saveItem = fileMenu.add("Save");
saveItem.addActionListener(event -> save());
pack();
}
/**
* Gets the title from the persistent store or asks the user for the title if there is no prior
* entry.
*/
public void setTitle()
{
try
{
String title = null;
BasicService basic = (BasicService) ServiceManager.lookup("javax.jnlp.BasicService");
URL codeBase = basic.getCodeBase();
PersistenceService service = (PersistenceService) ServiceManager
.lookup("javax.jnlp.PersistenceService");
URL key = new URL(codeBase, "title");
try
{
FileContents contents = service.get(key);
InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
title = reader.readLine();
}
catch (FileNotFoundException e)
{
title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
if (title == null) return;
service.create(key, 100);
FileContents contents = service.get(key);
OutputStream out = contents.getOutputStream(true);
PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
printOut.print(title);
}
setTitle(title);
}
catch (UnavailableServiceException | IOException e)
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
}
}
/**
* Opens a history file and updates the display.
*/
public void open()
{
try
{
FileOpenService service = (FileOpenService) ServiceManager
.lookup("javax.jnlp.FileOpenService");
FileContents contents = service.openFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" });
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, contents.getName());
if (contents != null)
{
InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
{
panel.append(line);
panel.append("
");
}
}
}
catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
}
catch (IOException e)
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
}
}
/**
* Saves the calculator history to a file.
*/
public void save()
{
try
{
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
printOut.print(panel.getText());
InputStream data = new ByteArrayInputStream(out.toByteArray());
FileSaveService service = (FileSaveService) ServiceManager
.lookup("javax.jnlp.FileSaveService");
service.saveFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" }, data, "calc.txt");
}
catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
}
catch (IOException e)
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
}
}
}
package webstart;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.text.*;
/**
A panel with calculator buttons and a result display.
*/
public class CalculatorPanel extends JPanel
{
private JTextArea display;
private JPanel panel;
private double result;
private String lastCommand;
private boolean start;
/**
Lays out the panel.
*/
public CalculatorPanel()
{
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
result = 0;
lastCommand = "=";
start = true;
// add the display
display = new JTextArea(10, 20);
add(new JScrollPane(display), BorderLayout.NORTH);
ActionListener insert = new InsertAction();
ActionListener command = new CommandAction();
// add the buttons in a 4 x 4 grid
panel = new JPanel();
panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));
addButton("7", insert);
addButton("8", insert);
addButton("9", insert);
addButton("/", command);
addButton("4", insert);
addButton("5", insert);
addButton("6", insert);
addButton("*", command);
addButton("1", insert);
addButton("2", insert);
addButton("3", insert);
addButton("-", command);
addButton("0", insert);
addButton(".", insert);
addButton("=", command);
addButton("+", command);
add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
}
/**
Gets the history text.
@return the calculator history
*/
public String getText()
{
return display.getText();
}
/**
Appends a string to the history text.
@param s the string to append
*/
public void append(String s)
{
display.append(s);
}
/**
Adds a button to the center panel.
@param label the button label
@param listener the button listener
*/
private void addButton(String label, ActionListener listener)
{
JButton button = new JButton(label);
button.addActionListener(listener);
panel.add(button);
}
/**
This action inserts the button action string to the
end of the display text.
*/
private class InsertAction implements ActionListener
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
{
String input = event.getActionCommand();
start = false;
display.append(input);
}
}
/**
This action executes the command that the button
action string denotes.
*/
private class CommandAction implements ActionListener
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
{
String command = event.getActionCommand();
if (start)
{
if (command.equals("-"))
{
display.append(command);
start = false;
}
else
lastCommand = command;
}
else
{
try
{
int lines = display.getLineCount();
int lineStart = display.getLineStartOffset(lines - 1);
int lineEnd = display.getLineEndOffset(lines - 1);
String value = display.getText(lineStart, lineEnd - lineStart);
display.append(" ");
display.append(command);
calculate(Double.parseDouble(value));
if (command.equals("="))
display.append("
" + result);
lastCommand = command;
display.append("
");
start = true;
}
catch (BadLocationException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
Carries out the pending calculation.
@param x the value to be accumulated with the prior result.
*/
public void calculate(double x)
{
if (lastCommand.equals("+")) result += x;
else if (lastCommand.equals("-")) result -= x;
else if (lastCommand.equals("*")) result *= x;
else if (lastCommand.equals("/")) result /= x;
else if (lastCommand.equals("=")) result = x;
}
}
代码出现错误
实验2：GUI综合编程练习
按实验十四分组名单，组内讨论完成以下编程任务：
练习1：采用GUI界面设计以下程序，并进行部署与发布：
l 编制一个程序，将身份证号.txt 中的信息读入到内存中；
l 按姓名字典序输出人员信息；
l 查询最大年龄的人员信息；
l 查询最小年龄人员信息；
l 输入你的年龄，查询身份证号.txt中年龄与你最近人的姓名、身份证号、年龄、性别和出生地；
l 查询人员中是否有你的同乡。
l 输入身份证信息，查询所提供身份证号的人员信息，要求输入一个身份证数字时，查询界面就显示满足查询条件的查询结果，且随着输入的数字的增多，查询匹配的范围逐渐缩小。
package demo1;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class ButtonTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
JFrame frame = new Main();
frame.setTitle("身份证");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
});
}
}
package demo1;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
public class Main extends JFrame {
private static ArrayList<Student> studentlist;
private static ArrayList<Student> list;
private JPanel panel;
private JPanel buttonPanel;
private static final int DEFAULT_WITH = 600;
private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 300;
public Main() {
studentlist = new ArrayList<>();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
File file = new File("C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop\身份证号.txt");
try {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis));
String temp = null;
while ((temp = in.readLine()) != null) {
Scanner linescanner = new Scanner(temp);
linescanner.useDelimiter(" ");
String name = linescanner.next();
String number = linescanner.next();
String sex = linescanner.next();
String age = linescanner.next();
String province = linescanner.nextLine();
Student student = new Student();
student.setName(name);
student.setnumber(number);
student.setsex(sex);
int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
student.setage(a);
student.setprovince(province);
studentlist.add(student);
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("学生信息文件找不到");
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("学生信息文件读取错误");
e.printStackTrace();
}
panel = new JPanel();
panel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
JTextArea jt = new JTextArea();
panel.add(jt);
add(panel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
buttonPanel = new JPanel();
buttonPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 7));
JButton jButton = new JButton("字典排序");
JButton jButton1 = new JButton("年龄最大和年龄最小");
JLabel lab = new JLabel("猜猜你的老乡");
JTextField jt1 = new JTextField();
JLabel lab1 = new JLabel("找找同龄人（年龄相近）：");
JTextField jt2 = new JTextField();
JLabel lab2 = new JLabel("输入你的身份证号码：");
JTextField jt3 = new JTextField();
JButton jButton2 = new JButton("退出");
jButton.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
jButton1.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
jt1.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
jt2.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
jt3.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
jButton2.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Collections.sort(studentlist);
jt.setText(studentlist.toString());
}
});
jButton1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int max = 0, min = 100;
int j, k1 = 0, k2 = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
j = studentlist.get(i).getage();
if (j > max) {
max = j;
k1 = i;
}
if (j < min) {
min = j;
k2 = i;
}
}
jt.setText("年龄最大：" + studentlist.get(k1) + "年龄最小：" + studentlist.get(k2));
}
});
jButton2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
dispose();
System.exit(0);
}
});
jt1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String find = jt1.getText();
String text="";
String place = find.substring(0, 3);
for (int i = 0; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
if (studentlist.get(i).getprovince().substring(1, 4).equals(place)) {
text+="
"+studentlist.get(i);
jt.setText("老乡：" + text);
}
}
}
});
jt2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String yourage = jt2.getText();
int a = Integer.parseInt(yourage);
int near = agenear(a);
int value = a - studentlist.get(near).getage();
jt.setText("年龄相近：" + studentlist.get(near));
}
});
jt3.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
list = new ArrayList<>();
Collections.sort(studentlist);
String key = jt3.getText();
for (int i = 1; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
if (studentlist.get(i).getnumber().contains(key)) {
list.add(studentlist.get(i));
jt.setText("emmm！你可能是：
" + list);
//System.out.println("可能的人：" + studentlist.get(i));
//jt.setText("可能的人：" + studentlist.get(i));
}
}
}
});
buttonPanel.add(jButton);
buttonPanel.add(jButton1);
buttonPanel.add(lab);
buttonPanel.add(jt1);
buttonPanel.add(lab1);
buttonPanel.add(jt2);
buttonPanel.add(lab2);
buttonPanel.add(jt3);
buttonPanel.add(jButton2);
add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
setSize(DEFAULT_WITH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
}
public static int agenear(int age) {
int min = 53, value = 0, k = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
value = studentlist.get(i).getage() - age;
if (value < 0)
value = -value;
if (value < min) {
min = value;
k = i;
}
}
return k;
}
}
package demo1;
public class Student implements Comparable<Student> {
private String name;
private String number ;
private String sex ;
private int age;
private String province;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getnumber() {
return number;
}
public void setnumber(String number) {
this.number = number;
}
public String getsex() {
return sex ;
}
public void setsex(String sex ) {
this.sex =sex ;
}
public int getage() {
return age;
}
public void setage(int age) {
// int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
this.age= age;
}
public String getprovince() {
return province;
}
public void setprovince(String province) {
this.province=province ;
}
public int compareTo(Student o) {
return this.name.compareTo(o.getName());
}
public String toString() {
return name+" "+sex+" "+age+" "+number+" "+province+"
";
}
}
运行结果：
字典排序：
1.查询最大年龄的人员信息；
2.查询最小年龄人员信息；
找老乡：
年龄相近的人：
输入身份证信息，查询所提供身份证号的人员信息，要求输入一个身份证数字时，查询界面就显示满足查询条件的查询结果，且随着输入的数字的增多，查询匹配的范围逐渐缩小。
输入数字2时：
输入数字26时：
输入数字265时：
练习2：采用GUI界面设计以下程序，并进行部署与发布
l 编写一个计算器类，可以完成加、减、乘、除的操作
l 利用计算机类，设计一个小学生100以内数的四则运算练习程序，由计算机随机产生10道加减乘除练习题，学生输入答案，由程序检查答案是否正确，每道题正确计10分，错误不计分，10道题测试结束后给出测试总分；
l 将程序中测试练习题及学生答题结果输出到文件，文件名为test.txt。
package ui_test;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import javax.swing.*;
public class MyExGUI extends JFrame {
ArrayList<String> user_zongti = new ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<String> user_zonganswer = new ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<String> user_answer = new ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<String> true_answer = new ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<String> jta_timu = new ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<String> jta_zong = new ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<Integer> user_fenshu = new ArrayList<Integer>();
JMenuBar jm; // 菜单条组件
JMenu menu;// 菜单
JMenuItem item1, item2;// 菜单项
JMenu build; // 二级菜单
JMenuItem file, project;
TextArea answer_all = new TextArea();
TextField jta = new TextField();
TextField jta_answer = new TextField();
JLabel num_answer = new JLabel();
JLabel answer;
JToolBar jtb;// 工具条
JButton jb1, jb2, jb3, jb4, jb5, jb6, jb7, jb_next;
int answer_count;
int answer_fenshu;
public MyExGUI() {
// 创建菜单
jm = new JMenuBar();
menu = new JMenu("文件(F)");
menu.setMnemonic('f'); // 助记符
build = new JMenu("新建");
file = new JMenuItem("文件");
project = new JMenuItem("答题");
item1 = new JMenuItem("保存(S)");
item2 = new JMenuItem("退出");
answer = new JLabel("第 1 题");
// 添加菜单项至菜单上
build.add(file);
build.add(project);
menu.add(build);
menu.add(item1);
menu.add(item2);
menu.addSeparator();
// 将菜单加入至菜单栏
jm.add(menu);
JPanel contentPanel = new JPanel();
contentPanel.setLayout(null);
JLabel daan = new JLabel("答案");
JLabel dengyu = new JLabel("=");
num_answer = answer;
num_answer.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 22));
jb_next = new JButton("下一题");
jta.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 22));
jta_answer.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 22));
jb_next.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 22));
daan.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 22));
dengyu.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 22));
contentPanel.add(num_answer);
contentPanel.add(daan);
contentPanel.add(dengyu);
contentPanel.add(jta);
contentPanel.add(jta_answer);
contentPanel.add(answer_all);
contentPanel.add(jb_next);
num_answer.setBounds(90, 20, 130, 50);
daan.setBounds(250, 20, 90, 50);
jta.setBounds(50, 70, 150, 30);
dengyu.setBounds(205, 70, 20, 20);
jta_answer.setBounds(230, 70, 100, 30);
jb_next.setBounds(350, 70, 110, 30);
answer_all.setBounds(50, 120, 400, 300);
this.setJMenuBar(jm); // 添加菜单栏，不能设定位置，会自动放在最上部
this.add(contentPanel);
this.setTitle("在线答题系统");
this.setSize(600, 500);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
item1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
FileOutputStream outSTr = null;
BufferedOutputStream Buff = null;
boolean flag = true;
File file;
// String test ;
do {
// test = "test"+count;
String inputValue = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please input file name");
file = new File(inputValue + "test.txt");
if (!file.exists()) {
// 创建文件
try {
flag = file.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
flag = false;
} else {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "该文件名已存在，请重新输入", "ERROR", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
flag = true;
}
} while (flag);
// 写入文件
String u_answer;
try {
outSTr = new FileOutputStream(file);
Buff = new BufferedOutputStream(outSTr);
System.out.println("选择是后执行的代码" + user_zongti.size() + user_answer.size());
for (int i = 0; i < user_zongti.size(); i++) {
try {
Buff.write(user_zongti.get(i).getBytes());
Buff.write(" ".getBytes());
u_answer = user_answer.get(i);
if (u_answer.equals(""))
u_answer = "没有作答";
Buff.write(u_answer.getBytes());
Buff.write("
".getBytes());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
i--;
}
}
Buff.flush();
Buff.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
outSTr.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
user_zongti.clear();
user_answer.clear();
}
});
project.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
arithmetic art = new arithmetic();
true_answer = art.list_answer;
jta_timu = art.list_timu;
jta_zong = art.list;
answer_count = 1;
answer_all.setText("");
for (int i = 0; i < art.list_timu.size(); i++) {
user_zongti.add(jta_zong.get(i));
answer_all.append(jta_timu.get(i));
answer_all.append("
");
}
num_answer.setText("第 " + answer_count + " 题");
jta.setText(jta_timu.get(answer_count - 1));
answer_count++;
}
});
jb_next.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
String temp;
temp = jta_answer.getText();
if (jta.getText().equals("")) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "错误,请导入题库", "错误", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
return;
}
jta_answer.setText("");
if (answer_count <= 10) {
if (isInteger(temp)) {
user_answer.add(temp);
System.out.println("选择否后执行的代码" + temp + "user_size" + user_answer.size());
num_answer.setText("第 " + answer_count + " 题");
jta.setText(jta_timu.get(answer_count - 1));
answer_count++;
}