《手牵手带你走进python世界》系列五

  import requests
  from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
  import datetime
  import pandas as pd
  import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  import re
  import jieba
  import numpy as np
  from wordcloud import WordCloud, ImageColorGenerator
  
  url = "https://comment.bilibili.com/92542241.xml"
  r = requests.get(url)
  r.encoding = 'utf8'
  
  
  soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text,'lxml')
  d = soup.find_all('d')
  
  dlst = []
  n = 0
  for i in d:
      n += 1
      danmuku = {}
      danmuku['弹幕'] = i.text
      danmuku['网址'] = url
      danmuku['时间'] = datetime.date.today()
      dlst.append(danmuku)
  
  df = pd.DataFrame(dlst)
  
  with open('sign.txt','w',encoding='utf8') as f:
      for text in df['弹幕'].values:
          pattern = re.compile(r'[一-龥]+')
          filter_data = re.findall(pattern,text)
          f.write("".join(filter_data))
  
  with open('sign.txt', 'r', encoding='utf8') as f:
      data = f.read()
      segment = jieba.lcut(data)
      words_df = pd.DataFrame({"segment": segment})
  
  word_stat = words_df.groupby(by=['segment'])['segment'].agg({'计数':np.size})
  words_stat = word_stat.reset_index().sort_values(by=['计数'],ascending=False)
  
  wordcloud = WordCloud(
      font_path="/Library/Application Support/Apple/Fonts/iLife/BalegaRegular.otf",   # mac上没有该字体
      # font_path="C:WindowsFontssimkai.ttf",
      # 设置字体可以显示中文
      background_color="white",  # 背景颜色
      max_words=3000,  # 词云显示的最大词数
      max_font_size=200,  # 字体最大值
      random_state=100,
      width=1000, height=860, margin=2,
      # 设置图片默认的大小,但是如果使用背景图片的话,                                                   # 那么保存的图片大小将会按照其大小保存,margin为词语边缘距离
  )
  
  # 生成词云, 可以用generate输入全部文本,也可以我们计算好词频后使用generate_from_frequencies函数
  word_frequence = {x[0]: x[1] for x in words_stat.head(500).values}
  word_frequence_dict = {}
  for key in word_frequence:
      word_frequence_dict[key] = word_frequence[key]
  
  wordcloud.generate_from_frequencies(word_frequence_dict)
  # 从背景图片生成颜色值
  # image_colors = ImageColorGenerator(color_mask)
  # 重新上色
  # wordcloud.recolor(color_func=image_colors)
  # 保存图片
  wordcloud.to_file('output.png')
  plt.imshow(wordcloud)
  plt.axis("off")
  plt.show()