public class IdWorker { private long workerId; private long datacenterId; private long sequence; public IdWorker(long workerId, long datacenterId, long sequence) { // sanity check for workerId // 这儿不就检查了一下,要求就是你传递进来的机房id和机器id不能超过32,不能小于0 if (workerId > maxWorkerId || workerId < 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( String.format("worker Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxWorkerId)); } if (datacenterId > maxDatacenterId || datacenterId < 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( String.format("datacenter Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxDatacenterId)); } System.out.printf( "worker starting. timestamp left shift %d, datacenter id bits %d, worker id bits %d, sequence bits %d, workerid %d", timestampLeftShift, datacenterIdBits, workerIdBits, sequenceBits, workerId); this.workerId = workerId; this.datacenterId = datacenterId; this.sequence = sequence; } private long twepoch = 1288834974657L; private long workerIdBits = 5L; private long datacenterIdBits = 5L; // 这个是二进制运算,就是 5 bit最多只能有31个数字,也就是说机器id最多只能是32以内 private long maxWorkerId = -1L ^ (-1L << workerIdBits); // 这个是一个意思,就是 5 bit最多只能有31个数字,机房id最多只能是32以内 private long maxDatacenterId = -1L ^ (-1L << datacenterIdBits); private long sequenceBits = 12L; private long workerIdShift = sequenceBits; private long datacenterIdShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits; private long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits + datacenterIdBits; private long sequenceMask = -1L ^ (-1L << sequenceBits); private long lastTimestamp = -1L; public long getWorkerId() { return workerId; } public long getDatacenterId() { return datacenterId; } public long getTimestamp() { return System.currentTimeMillis(); } public synchronized long nextId() { // 这儿就是获取当前时间戳,单位是毫秒 long timestamp = timeGen(); if (timestamp < lastTimestamp) { System.err.printf("clock is moving backwards. Rejecting requests until %d.", lastTimestamp); throw new RuntimeException(String.format( "Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds", lastTimestamp - timestamp)); } if (lastTimestamp == timestamp) { // 这个意思是说一个毫秒内最多只能有4096个数字 // 无论你传递多少进来,这个位运算保证始终就是在4096这个范围内,避免你自己传递个sequence超过了4096这个范围 sequence = (sequence + 1) & sequenceMask; if (sequence == 0) { timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp); } } else { sequence = 0; } // 这儿记录一下最近一次生成id的时间戳,单位是毫秒 lastTimestamp = timestamp; // 这儿就是将时间戳左移,放到 41 bit那儿; // 将机房 id左移放到 5 bit那儿; // 将机器id左移放到5 bit那儿;将序号放最后12 bit; // 最后拼接起来成一个 64 bit的二进制数字,转换成 10 进制就是个 long 型 return ((timestamp - twepoch) << timestampLeftShift) | (datacenterId << datacenterIdShift) | (workerId << workerIdShift) | sequence; } private long tilNextMillis(long lastTimestamp) { long timestamp = timeGen(); while (timestamp <= lastTimestamp) { timestamp = timeGen(); } return timestamp; } private long timeGen() { return System.currentTimeMillis(); } // ---------------测试--------------- public static void main(String[] args) { IdWorker worker = new IdWorker(1, 1, 1); for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) { System.out.println(worker.nextId()); } } }