• 如何挂载另一个lvm硬盘


    由于测试导致系统启动不了,需要将系统中的数据拷贝出来,所以想到将磁盘挂载到另一个能用的系统中进行拷贝,但是由于创建的系统都是用默认的方式创建的,所以一般的系统盘都是由两个分区组成,例如/dev/sda,/dev/sda1用来存放启动项,而/dev/sda2是一个逻辑卷,都是由/dev/VolGroup/lv_root、/dev/VolGroup/lv_home、/dev/VolGroup/lv_swap三部分组成的,由于逻辑卷的名字是一样的,所以这样导致将系统盘/dev/sdb挂载后,其中的逻辑卷部分不能挂载。

    解决方法:

    下面介绍分区格式为为Linux LVM的虚拟机挂载另一块的Linux LVM硬盘的方法:

    在Hyper-V上添加要挂载的硬盘,开启虚拟机,启动好以后

    #fdisk -l   //下面会看到所有硬盘的情况,sda是虚拟机自己的硬盘,sdb则是挂载上去的硬盘

    [root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
    
    Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0x000c4715
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
    Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
    /dev/sda2              64      121602   976248832   8e  Linux LVM
    
    Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0x00000000
    
    
    Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 8338 MB, 8338276352 bytes
    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1013 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0x00000000
    
    
    Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home: 937.6 GB, 937649242112 bytes
    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 113996 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0x00000000
    
    
    Disk /dev/sdb: 120.0 GB, 120034123776 bytes
    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14593 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0x000ec679
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sdb1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
    Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
    /dev/sdb2              64       14594   116707328   8e  Linux LVM

    #vgscan  //扫描所有卷组

    [root@localhost ~]# vgscan 
      Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...
      WARNING: Duplicate VG name VolGroup: Existing FKsJuO-7348-hHqs-MKVq-WLMl-2Sbh-0oh8NZ (created here) takes precedence over JTFVF9-ULu5-cHKu-T1p3-4HnB-Tk2p-BpjwHX
      WARNING: Duplicate VG name VolGroup: Existing FKsJuO-7348-hHqs-MKVq-WLMl-2Sbh-0oh8NZ (created here) takes precedence over JTFVF9-ULu5-cHKu-T1p3-4HnB-Tk2p-BpjwHX
      Found volume group "VolGroup" using metadata type lvm2
      Found volume group "VolGroup" using metadata type lvm2

    #vgdisplay  //显示出多有卷组信息

    [root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay 
      WARNING: Duplicate VG name VolGroup: Existing FKsJuO-7348-hHqs-MKVq-WLMl-2Sbh-0oh8NZ (created here) takes precedence over JTFVF9-ULu5-cHKu-T1p3-4HnB-Tk2p-BpjwHX
      WARNING: Duplicate VG name VolGroup: Existing FKsJuO-7348-hHqs-MKVq-WLMl-2Sbh-0oh8NZ (created here) takes precedence over JTFVF9-ULu5-cHKu-T1p3-4HnB-Tk2p-BpjwHX
      WARNING: Duplicate VG name VolGroup: Existing JTFVF9-ULu5-cHKu-T1p3-4HnB-Tk2p-BpjwHX (created here) takes precedence over FKsJuO-7348-hHqs-MKVq-WLMl-2Sbh-0oh8NZ
      --- Volume group ---
      VG Name               VolGroup
      System ID             
      Format                lvm2
      Metadata Areas        1
      Metadata Sequence No  4
      VG Access             read/write
      VG Status             resizable
      MAX LV                0
      Cur LV                3
      Open LV               0
      Max PV                0
      Cur PV                1
      Act PV                1
      VG Size               111.30 GiB
      PE Size               4.00 MiB
      Total PE              28492
      Alloc PE / Size       28492 / 111.30 GiB
      Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
      VG UUID               JTFVF9-ULu5-cHKu-T1p3-4HnB-Tk2p-BpjwHX
       
      WARNING: Duplicate VG name VolGroup: Existing FKsJuO-7348-hHqs-MKVq-WLMl-2Sbh-0oh8NZ (created here) takes precedence over JTFVF9-ULu5-cHKu-T1p3-4HnB-Tk2p-BpjwHX
      --- Volume group ---
      VG Name               VolGroup
      System ID             
      Format                lvm2
      Metadata Areas        1
      Metadata Sequence No  4
      VG Access             read/write
      VG Status             resizable
      MAX LV                0
      Cur LV                3
      Open LV               2
      Max PV                0
      Cur PV                1
      Act PV                1
      VG Size               931.02 GiB
      PE Size               4.00 MiB
      Total PE              238341
      Alloc PE / Size       238341 / 931.02 GiB
      Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
      VG UUID               FKsJuO-7348-hHqs-MKVq-WLMl-2Sbh-0oh8NZ

    (主要是通过大小来区分的)

    [root@localhost ~]# vgrename JTFVF9-ULu5-cHKu-T1p3-4HnB-Tk2p-BpjwHX vg01
      WARNING: Duplicate VG name VolGroup: Existing FKsJuO-7348-hHqs-MKVq-WLMl-2Sbh-0oh8NZ (created here) takes precedence over JTFVF9-ULu5-cHKu-T1p3-4HnB-Tk2p-BpjwHX
      WARNING: Duplicate VG name VolGroup: Existing FKsJuO-7348-hHqs-MKVq-WLMl-2Sbh-0oh8NZ (created here) takes precedence over JTFVF9-ULu5-cHKu-T1p3-4HnB-Tk2p-BpjwHX
      WARNING: Duplicate VG name VolGroup: Existing JTFVF9-ULu5-cHKu-T1p3-4HnB-Tk2p-BpjwHX (created here) takes precedence over FKsJuO-7348-hHqs-MKVq-WLMl-2Sbh-0oh8NZ
      Volume group "VolGroup" successfully renamed to "vg01"

      //重新命名挂载盘的卷组名,因为和虚拟机本身的卷组名是一样的所以LVM分区无法挂载,必须改名(要修改挂载盘的卷组名,这里要分编号哪个是挂载上去的),这里的类似于序列号的就是VG UUID,卷组名是一样的,只能靠VG UUID来修改卷组名

    看到最下面Volume group "VolGroup00" successfully renamed to "vg01"则说明改名成功

    #vgdisplay    //可以看到已经有一个改名为vg01

    [root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay 
      --- Volume group ---
      VG Name               vg01
      System ID             
      Format                lvm2
      Metadata Areas        1
      Metadata Sequence No  5
      VG Access             read/write
      VG Status             resizable
      MAX LV                0
      Cur LV                3
      Open LV               0
      Max PV                0
      Cur PV                1
      Act PV                1
      VG Size               111.30 GiB
      PE Size               4.00 MiB
      Total PE              28492
      Alloc PE / Size       28492 / 111.30 GiB
      Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
      VG UUID               JTFVF9-ULu5-cHKu-T1p3-4HnB-Tk2p-BpjwHX
       
      --- Volume group ---
      VG Name               VolGroup
      System ID             
      Format                lvm2
      Metadata Areas        1
      Metadata Sequence No  4
      VG Access             read/write
      VG Status             resizable
      MAX LV                0
      Cur LV                3
      Open LV               2
      Max PV                0
      Cur PV                1
      Act PV                1
      VG Size               931.02 GiB
      PE Size               4.00 MiB
      Total PE              238341
      Alloc PE / Size       238341 / 931.02 GiB
      Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
      VG UUID               FKsJuO-7348-hHqs-MKVq-WLMl-2Sbh-0oh8NZ

    #lvscan     //看到上面两个是挂在上去的磁盘,没有激活

    [root@localhost ~]# lvscan 
      inactive          '/dev/vg01/lv_root' [50.00 GiB] inherit
      inactive          '/dev/vg01/lv_home' [53.45 GiB] inherit
      inactive          '/dev/vg01/lv_swap' [7.85 GiB] inherit
      ACTIVE            '/dev/VolGroup/lv_root' [50.00 GiB] inherit
      ACTIVE            '/dev/VolGroup/lv_home' [873.25 GiB] inherit
      ACTIVE            '/dev/VolGroup/lv_swap' [7.77 GiB] inherit
    可以看到下面ACTIVE是正在使用的系统盘,而上面是需要拷贝出来的系统盘

    #vgchange -ay /dev/vg01     //激此卷组

    [root@localhost ~]# vgchange -ay /dev/vg01
      3 logical volume(s) in volume group "vg01" now active

    #lvscan    //看下vg01的卷组是否被激活

    [root@localhost ~]# lvscan 
      ACTIVE            '/dev/vg01/lv_root' [50.00 GiB] inherit
      ACTIVE            '/dev/vg01/lv_home' [53.45 GiB] inherit
      ACTIVE            '/dev/vg01/lv_swap' [7.85 GiB] inherit
      ACTIVE            '/dev/VolGroup/lv_root' [50.00 GiB] inherit
      ACTIVE            '/dev/VolGroup/lv_home' [873.25 GiB] inherit
      ACTIVE            '/dev/VolGroup/lv_swap' [7.77 GiB] inherit

    #mkdir  /mnt/hdb    //新建一个文件夹用来作为挂载点

    #mount  /dev/vg01/逻辑卷名(比如LogVol00)  /mnt/hdb    //挂载vg01/LogVol00

    使用完以后要卸载

    #umount  /mnt/hdb

    #vgchange  -an  /dev/vg01   去除激活的LVM分区

    修改过卷组名的这个硬盘是不能再启动了,应为默认启动引导是引导到VolGroup00卷组的,所以修改过卷组名的硬盘要想仍能重新启动的话,必须把卷组名修改会默认的VolGroup00

    但是在已经有VolGroup00卷组的虚拟机上是不能修改的!这里我们单独建立一个分区格式不是Linux LVM格式的虚拟机来挂载硬盘,其格式为ext3的(显示为Linux)

    #fdisk -l      //查看是否识别挂上的硬盘

    #vgscan      //扫描卷组

    #lvscan //查看要改名的卷组是否被激活,要是被激活的话则不能修改卷组名,如果直接修改的话会提示报错

    #vgchange -an /dev/VolGroup00      //如果上一步骤是激活状态,则需用此命令修改为不激 活状态

    #lvscan    //查看是否修改为不激活状态

    #vgrename  vg01  VolGroup00    //修改为不激活状态则可以修改卷组名

    在ext3格式分区的虚拟机上直接挂载Linux LVM分区的硬盘的方法如下:

    #fdisk -l      //查看是否识别挂上的硬盘

    #vgscan    //扫描卷组

    #vgdisplay     //显示所有卷组

    #lvscan    //查看挂载的磁盘的卷组是否处于激活的状态

    #vgchange -ay /dev/VolGroup00    //如上步看到没有激活,则执行此命令

    #mkdir  /mnt/hdb    //创建挂载点的文件夹

    #mount  /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00   /mnt/hdb    // 挂载,挂载后则可以访问/mnt/hdb

    #umount  /mnt/hdb    //卸载磁盘

    #vgchange -an /dev/VolGroup00    //去除挂载磁盘卷组的激活状态

    补充如果要设置开机自动加载LVM分区:

    vim /etc/fstab

    加入

    /dev/vg110/LogVol01     /wwwroot/               ext4    defaults        0 0

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wuchanming/p/4878116.html
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