在Azkaban中，一个project包含一个或多个flows，一个flow包含多个job。job是你想在azkaban中运行的一个进程，可以是Command，也可以是一个Hadoop任务。当然，如果你安装相关插件，也可以运行插件。一个job可以依赖于另一个job，这种多个job和它们的依赖组成的图表叫做flow。本文介绍如何在Azkaban上编写四类任务流:Command、Hive、Java、Hadoop。
1、Command任务编写
这里将模拟一个数据从采集到上传最后入库的整个过程的工作流。涉及的job如下：
create_dir.job：创建对应的目录
get_data1.job：获取数据1
get_data2.job：获取数据2
upload_to_hdfs.job：数据上传到hdfs
insert_to_hive.job：从hdfs入库到hive中
- create_dir.job
-
type=command command=echo "create directory before get data" - get_data1.job
type=command command=echo "get data from logserver" dependencies=create_dir
- get_data2.job
type=command command=echo "get data from ftp" dependencies=create_dir - upload_to_hdfs.job
type=command command=echo "upload to hdfs" dependencies=get_data1,get_data2
完成后的目录如下
打包成demo.zip压缩包，并上传到Azkaban中，可以看到依赖图如下：
点击执行
在Job List里可以看到每个job的运行情况
点击Details可以看到每个job执行的日志
Job中的其他配置选项
- 可以定义job依赖另一个flow
type=flow flow.name=fisrt_flow - 可以配置多个command命令
type=command command=echo "hello" command.1=echo "world" command.2=echo "azkaban" - 可以配置job失败重启次数，及间隔时间,比如，上述ftp获取日志，我可以配置重试12次，每隔5分钟一次
type=command command=echo "retry test" retries=12 #单位毫秒 retry.backoff=300000
2、Hive任务编写
Hive任务的编写比较简单，在新的目录下新建hive.job文件，内容如下
#定义类型
type=hive
#定义执行HiveSQL的用户
user.to.proxy=azkaban
#固定值
azk.hive.action=execute.query
hive.query.01=drop table words;
hive.query.02=create table words (freq int, word string) row format delimited fields terminated by ' ' stored as textfile;
hive.query.03=describe words;
hive.query.04=load data local inpath "res/input" into table words;
hive.query.05=select * from words limit 10;
hive.query.06=select freq, count(1) as f2 from words group by freq sort by f2 desc limit 10;
以上第四条语句涉及到数据文件，需要在同级目录下新建res文件夹，然后新建input文件，内容如下
11 and
10 the
9 to
9 in
9 of
9 is
9 CLAUDIUS
8 KING
8 this
8 we
7 what
7 us
7 GUILDENSTERN
6 And
5 d
4 ROSENCRANTZ
3 a
2 his
1 QUEEN
1 he
然后打包成zip文件即可上传到azkaban中运行
3、Java任务编写
Java任务比较简单，只需要在类里提供一个run方法即可，如果需要设定参数，着在构造方法中指定Props类，然后在job文件里配置好参数。
Java类如下
package com.dataeye.java;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import azkaban.utils.Props;
public class JavaMain {
private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(JavaMain.class);
private final int fileRows;
private final int fileLine;
public JavaMain(String name, Props props) throws Exception {
this.fileRows = props.getInt("file.rows");
this.fileLine = props.getInt("file.line");
}
public void run() throws Exception {
logger.info(" ### this is JavaMain method ###");
logger.info("fileRows value is ==> " + fileRows);
logger.info("fileLine value is ==> " + fileLine);
}
}
java.job文件如下
type=java
#指定类的全路径
job.class=com.dataeye.java.JavaMain
#指定执行jar包的路径
classpath=lib/*
#用户参数1
file.rows=10
#用户参数2
file.line=50
新建目录，把java.job拷贝到该目录下，然后新建lib文件夹，把以上java类打包成jar文件，放入lib目录下，打包成zip文件，上传到azkaban中。执行成功后的日志如下
31-08-2016 14:41:15 CST simple INFO - INFO Running job simple
31-08-2016 14:41:15 CST simple INFO - INFO Class name com.dataeye.java.JavaMain
31-08-2016 14:41:15 CST simple INFO - INFO Constructor found public com.dataeye.java.JavaMain(java.lang.String,azkaban.utils.Props) throws java.lang.Exception
31-08-2016 14:41:15 CST simple INFO - INFO Invoking method run
31-08-2016 14:41:15 CST simple INFO - INFO Proxy check failed, not proxying run.
31-08-2016 14:41:15 CST simple INFO - INFO ### this is JavaMain method ###
31-08-2016 14:41:15 CST simple INFO - INFO fileRows value is ==> 10
31-08-2016 14:41:15 CST simple INFO - INFO fileLine value is ==> 50
31-08-2016 14:41:15 CST simple INFO - INFO Apparently there isn't a method[getJobGeneratedProperties] on object[com.dataeye.java.JavaMain@591f989e], using empty Props object instead.
31-08-2016 14:41:15 CST simple INFO - INFO Outputting generated properties to /home/hadoop/azkaban/azkaban-solo-server-3.0.0/executions/339/simple_output_6034902760752438337_tmp
31-08-2016 14:41:15 CST simple INFO - Process completed successfully in 0 seconds.
31-08-2016 14:41:15 CST simple INFO - Finishing job simple attempt: 0 at 1472625675501 with status SUCCEEDED
日志中已经打印出run方法中的参数值。
4、Hadoop任务编写
Hadoop相对以上三种类型会复杂一些，需要注意的地方如下
- 必须继承 AbstractHadoopJob 类
public class WordCount extends AbstractHadoopJob - 必须要有构造方法，参数是String和Props，且要调用super方法
public WordCount(String name, Props props) { super(name, props); //other code } - 必须提供run方法，且在run方法的最后调用super.run();
public void run() throws Exception{ //other code super.run();}
下面提供一个 WordCount 任务的例子
WordCount.java类
package com.dataeye.mr;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextOutputFormat;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import azkaban.jobtype.javautils.AbstractHadoopJob;
import azkaban.utils.Props;
import com.dataeye.mr.maper.WordCountMap;
import com.dataeye.mr.reducer.WordCountReduce;
public class WordCount extends AbstractHadoopJob {
private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(WordCount.class);
private final String inputPath;
private final String outputPath;
private boolean forceOutputOverrite;
public WordCount(String name, Props props) {
super(name, props);
this.inputPath = props.getString("input.path");
this.outputPath = props.getString("output.path");
this.forceOutputOverrite = props.getBoolean("force.output.overwrite", false);
}
public void run() throws Exception {
logger.info(String.format("Hadoop job, class is %s", new Object[] { getClass().getSimpleName() }));
JobConf jobconf = getJobConf();
jobconf.setJarByClass(WordCount.class);
jobconf.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
jobconf.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
jobconf.setMapperClass(WordCountMap.class);
jobconf.setReducerClass(WordCountReduce.class);
jobconf.setInputFormat(TextInputFormat.class);
jobconf.setOutputFormat(TextOutputFormat.class);
FileInputFormat.addInputPath(jobconf, new Path(this.inputPath));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(jobconf, new Path(this.outputPath));
if (this