【spring 注解驱动开发】spring事务处理原理

尚学堂spring 注解驱动开发学习笔记之 - 事务处理

事务处理

1、事务处理实现

实现步骤：

 * 声明式事务：
 * 
 * 环境搭建：
 * 1、导入相关依赖
 * 		数据源、数据库驱动、Spring-jdbc模块
 * 2、配置数据源、JdbcTemplate（Spring提供的简化数据库操作的工具）操作数据
 * 3、给方法上标注 @Transactional 表示当前方法是一个事务方法；
 * 4、 @EnableTransactionManagement 开启基于注解的事务管理功能；
 * 		@EnableXXX
 * 5、配置事务管理器来控制事务;
 * 		@Bean
 * 		public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager()

代码实现：

@EnableTransactionManagement
@ComponentScan("com.atguigu.tx")
@Configuration
public class TxConfig {
	
	//数据源
	@Bean
	public DataSource dataSource() throws Exception{
		ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
		dataSource.setUser("root");
		dataSource.setPassword("123456");
		dataSource.setDriverClass("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
		dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test");
		return dataSource;
	}
	
	@Bean
	public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate() throws Exception{
		//Spring对@Configuration类会特殊处理；给容器中加组件的方法，多次调用都只是从容器中找组件
		JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource());
		return jdbcTemplate;
	}
	
	//注册事务管理器在容器中
	@Bean
	public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() throws Exception{
		return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource());
	}
}　

2、事务处理原理

原理分析：

 * 原理：
 * 1）、@EnableTransactionManagement
 * 			利用TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector给容器中会导入组件
 * 			导入两个组件
 * 			AutoProxyRegistrar
 * 			ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration
 * 2）、AutoProxyRegistrar：
 * 			给容器中注册一个 InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 组件；
 * 			InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator：？
 * 			利用后置处理器机制在对象创建以后，包装对象，返回一个代理对象（增强器），代理对象执行方法利用拦截器链进行调用；
 * 
 * 3）、ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration 做了什么？
 * 			1、给容器中注册事务增强器；
 * 				1）、事务增强器要用事务注解的信息，AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource解析事务注解
 * 				2）、事务拦截器：
 * 					TransactionInterceptor；保存了事务属性信息，事务管理器；
 * 					他是一个 MethodInterceptor；
 * 					在目标方法执行的时候；
 * 						执行拦截器链；
 * 						事务拦截器：
 * 							1）、先获取事务相关的属性
 * 							2）、再获取PlatformTransactionManager，如果事先没有添加指定任何transactionmanger
 * 								最终会从容器中按照类型获取一个PlatformTransactionManager；
 * 							3）、执行目标方法
 * 								如果异常，获取到事务管理器，利用事务管理回滚操作；
 * 								如果正常，利用事务管理器，提交事务
 * 			
 */

核心代码

1、EnableTransactionManagement注解，注入TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector类

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Import(TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector.class)
public @interface EnableTransactionManagement {

2、TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector类，最终会导入AutoProxyRegistrar.class和ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration.class两个组件。

public class TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector extends AdviceModeImportSelector<EnableTransactionManagement> {

	/**
	 * Returns {@link ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration} or
	 * {@code AspectJ(Jta)TransactionManagementConfiguration} for {@code PROXY}
	 * and {@code ASPECTJ} values of {@link EnableTransactionManagement#mode()},
	 * respectively.
	 */
	@Override
	protected String[] selectImports(AdviceMode adviceMode) {
		switch (adviceMode) {
			case PROXY:
				return new String[] {AutoProxyRegistrar.class.getName(),
						ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration.class.getName()};
			case ASPECTJ:
				return new String[] {determineTransactionAspectClass()};
			default:
				return null;
		}
	}

	private String determineTransactionAspectClass() {
		return (ClassUtils.isPresent("javax.transaction.Transactional", getClass().getClassLoader()) ?
				TransactionManagementConfigUtils.JTA_TRANSACTION_ASPECT_CONFIGURATION_CLASS_NAME :
				TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ASPECT_CONFIGURATION_CLASS_NAME);
	}

}

3、AutoProxyRegistrar类的作用为：

　　给容器中注册一个 InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 组件；

　　最终的目的是：利用后置处理器机制在对象创建以后，包装对象，返回一个代理对象（增强器），代理对象执行方法利用拦截器链进行调用；

@Override
	public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
		boolean candidateFound = false;
		Set<String> annTypes = importingClassMetadata.getAnnotationTypes();
		for (String annType : annTypes) {
			AnnotationAttributes candidate = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(importingClassMetadata, annType);
			if (candidate == null) {
				continue;
			}
			Object mode = candidate.get("mode");
			Object proxyTargetClass = candidate.get("proxyTargetClass");
			if (mode != null && proxyTargetClass != null && AdviceMode.class == mode.getClass() &&
					Boolean.class == proxyTargetClass.getClass()) {
				candidateFound = true;
				if (mode == AdviceMode.PROXY) {
					AopConfigUtils.registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry);
					if ((Boolean) proxyTargetClass) {
						AopConfigUtils.forceAutoProxyCreatorToUseClassProxying(registry);
						return;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		if (!candidateFound && logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
			String name = getClass().getSimpleName();
			logger.info(String.format("%s was imported but no annotations were found " +
					"having both 'mode' and 'proxyTargetClass' attributes of type " +
					"AdviceMode and boolean respectively. This means that auto proxy " +
					"creator registration and configuration may not have occurred as " +
					"intended, and components may not be proxied as expected. Check to " +
					"ensure that %s has been @Import'ed on the same class where these " +
					"annotations are declared; otherwise remove the import of %s " +
					"altogether.", name, name, name));
		}
	}

InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator类的作用与AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator类的作用类似。可参考：【spring 注解驱动开发】Spring AOP原理

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public abstract class AbstractAutoProxyCreator extends ProxyProcessorSupport
		implements SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor, BeanFactoryAware {

4、ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration类

代理事务管理配置类

@Configuration
public class ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration extends AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration {

	@Bean(name = TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ADVISOR_BEAN_NAME)
	@Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)
	public BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor transactionAdvisor() {
		BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor advisor = new BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor();
		advisor.setTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSource());
		advisor.setAdvice(transactionInterceptor());
		if (this.enableTx != null) {
			advisor.setOrder(this.enableTx.<Integer>getNumber("order"));
		}
		return advisor;
	}

	@Bean
	@Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)
	public TransactionAttributeSource transactionAttributeSource() {
		return new AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource();
	}

	@Bean
	@Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)
	public TransactionInterceptor transactionInterceptor() {
		TransactionInterceptor interceptor = new TransactionInterceptor();
		interceptor.setTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSource());
		if (this.txManager != null) {
			interceptor.setTransactionManager(this.txManager);
		}
		return interceptor;
	}

}

TransactionInterceptor类，事务调用：invokeWithinTransaction()方法为最终执行的方法

@Override
	@Nullable
	public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
		// Work out the target class: may be {@code null}.
		// The TransactionAttributeSource should be passed the target class
		// as well as the method, which may be from an interface.
		Class<?> targetClass = (invocation.getThis() != null ? AopUtils.getTargetClass(invocation.getThis()) : null);

		// Adapt to TransactionAspectSupport's invokeWithinTransaction...
		return invokeWithinTransaction(invocation.getMethod(), targetClass, invocation::proceed);
	}

TransactionAspectSupport类的最终事务方法执行：

@Nullable
	protected Object invokeWithinTransaction(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass,
			final InvocationCallback invocation) throws Throwable {

		// If the transaction attribute is null, the method is non-transactional.
		TransactionAttributeSource tas = getTransactionAttributeSource();
		final TransactionAttribute txAttr = (tas != null ? tas.getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass) : null);
		final PlatformTransactionManager tm = determineTransactionManager(txAttr);
		final String joinpointIdentification = methodIdentification(method, targetClass, txAttr);

		if (txAttr == null || !(tm instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager)) {
			// Standard transaction demarcation with getTransaction and commit/rollback calls.
			TransactionInfo txInfo = createTransactionIfNecessary(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification);

			Object retVal;
			try {
				// This is an around advice: Invoke the next interceptor in the chain.
				// This will normally result in a target object being invoked.
				retVal = invocation.proceedWithInvocation();
			}
			catch (Throwable ex) {
				// target invocation exception
				completeTransactionAfterThrowing(txInfo, ex);
				throw ex;
			}
			finally {
				cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
			}
			commitTransactionAfterReturning(txInfo);
			return retVal;
		}

		else {
			final ThrowableHolder throwableHolder = new ThrowableHolder();

			// It's a CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager: pass a TransactionCallback in.
			try {
				Object result = ((CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) tm).execute(txAttr, status -> {
					TransactionInfo txInfo = prepareTransactionInfo(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification, status);
					try {
						return invocation.proceedWithInvocation();
					}
					catch (Throwable ex) {
						if (txAttr.rollbackOn(ex)) {
							// A RuntimeException: will lead to a rollback.
							if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) {
								throw (RuntimeException) ex;
							}
							else {
								throw new ThrowableHolderException(ex);
							}
						}
						else {
							// A normal return value: will lead to a commit.
							throwableHolder.throwable = ex;
							return null;
						}
					}
					finally {
						cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
					}
				});

				// Check result state: It might indicate a Throwable to rethrow.
				if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) {
					throw throwableHolder.throwable;
				}
				return result;
			}
			catch (ThrowableHolderException ex) {
				throw ex.getCause();
			}
			catch (TransactionSystemException ex2) {
				if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) {
					logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", throwableHolder.throwable);
					ex2.initApplicationException(throwableHolder.throwable);
				}
				throw ex2;
			}
			catch (Throwable ex2) {
				if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) {
					logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", throwableHolder.throwable);
				}
				throw ex2;
			}
		}
	}