（二）Spring 之IOC 详解

第一节：spring ioc 简介

IOC（控制反转：Inversion of Control），又称作依赖注入dependency injection( DI )，是一种重要的面向对象编程的法则来削减计算机程序的耦合问题，也是轻量级的Spring 框架的核心。

第二节：spring ioc 实例讲解

package com.wishwzp.service;

public interface Tester {
    
    public void test();

}

package com.wishwzp.service;

public class LiSi implements Tester{

    public void test(){
        System.out.println("李四-测试程序");
    }
}

package com.wishwzp.service;

public class ZhangSan implements Tester{

    public void test(){
        System.out.println("张三-测试程序");
    }
}

package com.wishwzp.service;

public class JavaWork {
    
    private Tester tester;
    
    public void setTester(Tester tester) {
        this.tester = tester;
    }

    public void doTest(){
//        ZhangSan zhangsan = new ZhangSan();
//        zhangsan.test();
        
        tester.test();
    }

}

package com.wishwzp.test;

import com.wishwzp.service.JavaWork;
import com.wishwzp.service.LiSi;

public class Test {

    /**
     * 主管执行命令
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JavaWork javawork = new JavaWork();
        javawork.setTester(new LiSi());
        javawork.doTest();
    }
}

package com.wishwzp.test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.wishwzp.service.JavaWork;
import com.wishwzp.service.Tester;

public class Test2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        
//        Tester t = null;
//        t=(Tester) ac.getBean("zhangsan");
//        t.test();
        
        JavaWork javaWork=(JavaWork)ac.getBean("javaWork");
        javaWork.doTest();
        
    }
}

第三节：装配一个bean

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="zhangsan" class="com.wishwzp.service.ZhangSan"></bean>
    
    <bean id="lisi" class="com.wishwzp.service.LiSi"></bean>
    
    <bean id="javaWork" class="com.wishwzp.service.JavaWork">
        <property name="tester" ref="zhangsan"></property>
    </bean>
  
</beans>

第四节：依赖注入

1，属性注入；

2，构造函数注入；(通过类型；通过索引；联合使用)

3，工厂方法注入；(非静态工厂，静态工厂)

4，泛型依赖注入；(Spring4 整合Hibernate4 的时候顺带说)

package com.wishwzp.entity;

public class People {

    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    
    public People() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    
    public People(int id, String name, int age) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
    }
    
}

package com.wishwzp.factory;

import com.wishwzp.entity.People;

public class PeopleFactory {

    public People createPeople(){
        People p=new People();
        p.setId(5);
        p.setName("小七");
        p.setAge(77);
        return p;
    }
}

package com.wishwzp.factory;

import com.wishwzp.entity.People;

public class PeopleFactory2 {

    public static People createPeople(){
        People p=new People();
        p.setId(8);
        p.setName("小八");
        p.setAge(88);
        return p;
    }
    
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="people" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People"></bean>
    
　　<!-- 属性注入 -->
    <bean id="people2" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
        <property name="id" value="1"></property>
        <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
        <property name="age" value="11"></property>
    </bean>
    
　　<!-- 构造方法注入----通过类型-->
    <bean id="people3" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
        <constructor-arg type="int" value="2"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg type="String" value="李四"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg type="int" value="22"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
    
　　<!-- 构造方法注入---通过索引-->
    <bean id="people4" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
        <constructor-arg index="0" value="3"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg index="1" value="王五"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg index="2" value="55"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
    
　　<!-- 构造方法注入---联合使用-->
    <bean id="people5" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
        <constructor-arg index="0" type="int" value="4"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg index="1" type="String" value="招六"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg index="2" type="int" value="66"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
    
　　<!-- 工厂方法注入 -->
    <bean id="peopleFactory" class="com.wishwzp.factory.PeopleFactory"></bean>
    
　　<!-- 非静态工厂 -->
    <bean id="people7" factory-bean="peopleFactory" factory-method="createPeople"></bean>
  
　　<!-- 静态工厂 -->
      <bean id="people8" class="com.wishwzp.factory.PeopleFactory2" factory-method="createPeople"></bean>
  
</beans>

package com.wishwzp.test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.wishwzp.entity.People;


public class Test2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        People people=(People)ac.getBean("people");
        System.out.println(people);
        
        // 属性注入
        People people2=(People)ac.getBean("people2");
        System.out.println(people2);
        
        // 构造方法注入
        People people3=(People)ac.getBean("people3");
        System.out.println(people3);
        
        People people4=(People)ac.getBean("people4");
        System.out.println(people4);
        
        People people5=(People)ac.getBean("people5");
        System.out.println(people5);
        
        // 工厂方法注入
        People people7=(People)ac.getBean("people7");
        System.out.println(people7);
        
        People people8=(People)ac.getBean("people8");
        System.out.println(people8);
    }
}

第五节：注入参数

1，基本类型值；

2，注入bean；

3，内部bean；

4，null 值；

5，级联属性；

6，集合类型属性；

1，基本类型值；

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     // 基本类型值
20     @Test
21     public void test1() {
22         People people=(People)ac.getBean("people1");
23         System.out.println(people);
24     }
25     
26     
27 }

T.java

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6 
 7     
 8     <bean id="people1" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
 9         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
10         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
11         <property name="age" value="11"></property>
12     </bean>
13 
14     
15 </beans>

beans.xml

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class People {
 4 
 5     private int id;
 6     private String name;
 7     private int age;
 8     
 9     
10     public People() {
11         super();
12         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
13     }
14     
15     
16     public People(int id, String name, int age) {
17         super();
18         this.id = id;
19         this.name = name;
20         this.age = age;
21     }
22 
23 
24     public int getId() {
25         return id;
26     }
27 
28 
29     public void setId(int id) {
30         this.id = id;
31     }
32 
33 
34     public String getName() {
35         return name;
36     }
37 
38 
39     public void setName(String name) {
40         this.name = name;
41     }
42 
43 
44     public int getAge() {
45         return age;
46     }
47 
48 
49     public void setAge(int age) {
50         this.age = age;
51     }
52 
53 
54     @Override
55     public String toString() {
56         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
57     }
58     
59 }

People.java

运行结果显示：

2，注入bean；

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     // 注入bean
20     @Test
21     public void test2() {
22         People people=(People)ac.getBean("people2");
23         System.out.println(people);
24     }
25     
26     
27 }

T.java

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6 
 7     <bean id="dog1" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog">
 8         <property name="name" value="Jack"></property>
 9     </bean>
10     
11     <bean id="people2" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
12         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
13         <property name="name" value="张三2"></property>
14         <property name="age" value="11"></property>
15         <property name="dog" ref="dog1"></property>
16     </bean>
17 </beans>

beans.xml

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14 
15 }

Dog.java

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class People {
 4 
 5     private int id;
 6     private String name;
 7     private int age;
 8     private Dog dog;
 9     
10     
11     public People() {
12         super();
13         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
14     }
15     
16     public People(int id, String name, int age) {
17         super();
18         this.id = id;
19         this.name = name;
20         this.age = age;
21     }
22 
23 
24     public int getId() {
25         return id;
26     }
27 
28 
29     public void setId(int id) {
30         this.id = id;
31     }
32 
33 
34     public String getName() {
35         return name;
36     }
37 
38 
39     public void setName(String name) {
40         this.name = name;
41     }
42 
43 
44     public int getAge() {
45         return age;
46     }
47 
48 
49     public void setAge(int age) {
50         this.age = age;
51     }
52     
53 
54     public Dog getDog() {
55         return dog;
56     }
57 
58 
59     public void setDog(Dog dog) {
60         this.dog = dog;
61     }
62 
63 
64     @Override
65     public String toString() {
66         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", dog=" + dog.getName() + "]";
67     }
68 
69 }

People.java

运行结果显示：

3，内部bean；

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     // 内部bean
20     @Test
21     public void test3() {
22         People people=(People)ac.getBean("people3");
23         System.out.println(people);
24     }
25     
26     
27 }

T.java

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6 
 7     <bean id="people3" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
 8         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
 9         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
10         <property name="age" value="11"></property>
11         <property name="dog">
12             <bean class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog">
13                 <property name="name" value="Tom"></property>
14             </bean>
15         </property>
16     </bean>
17 </beans>

beans.xml

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14 
15 }

Dog.java

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class People {
 4 
 5     private int id;
 6     private String name;
 7     private int age;
 8     private Dog dog;
 9     
10     
11     public People() {
12         super();
13         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
14     }
15     
16     public People(int id, String name, int age) {
17         super();
18         this.id = id;
19         this.name = name;
20         this.age = age;
21     }
22 
23 
24     public int getId() {
25         return id;
26     }
27 
28 
29     public void setId(int id) {
30         this.id = id;
31     }
32 
33 
34     public String getName() {
35         return name;
36     }
37 
38 
39     public void setName(String name) {
40         this.name = name;
41     }
42 
43 
44     public int getAge() {
45         return age;
46     }
47 
48 
49     public void setAge(int age) {
50         this.age = age;
51     }
52     
53 
54     public Dog getDog() {
55         return dog;
56     }
57 
58 
59     public void setDog(Dog dog) {
60         this.dog = dog;
61     }
62 
63 
64     @Override
65     public String toString() {
66         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", dog=" + dog.getName() + "]";
67     }
68 
69 }

People.java

运行结果显示：

4，null 值；

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     // 注入null
20     @Test
21     public void test4() {
22         People people=(People)ac.getBean("people4");
23         System.out.println(people);
24     }
25     
26     
27 }

T.java

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6 
 7     <bean id="people4" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
 8         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
 9         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
10         <property name="age" value="11"></property>
11         <property name="dog">
12             <null></null>
13         </property>
14     </bean>
15 </beans>

beans.xml

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class People {
 4 
 5     private int id;
 6     private String name;
 7     private int age;
 8     private Dog dog;
 9     
10     
11     public People() {
12         super();
13         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
14     }
15     
16     public People(int id, String name, int age) {
17         super();
18         this.id = id;
19         this.name = name;
20         this.age = age;
21     }
22 
23 
24     public int getId() {
25         return id;
26     }
27 
28 
29     public void setId(int id) {
30         this.id = id;
31     }
32 
33 
34     public String getName() {
35         return name;
36     }
37 
38 
39     public void setName(String name) {
40         this.name = name;
41     }
42 
43 
44     public int getAge() {
45         return age;
46     }
47 
48 
49     public void setAge(int age) {
50         this.age = age;
51     }
52     
53 
54     public Dog getDog() {
55         return dog;
56     }
57 
58 
59     public void setDog(Dog dog) {
60         this.dog = dog;
61     }
62 
63     @Override
64     public String toString() {
65         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", dog=" + dog + "]";
66     }
67 
68 }

People.java

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14 
15 }

Dog.java

运行结果显示：

5，级联属性；

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     // 级联属性
20     @Test
21     public void test5() {
22         People people=(People)ac.getBean("people5");
23         System.out.println(people);
24     }
25     
26     
27 }

T.java

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6 
 7     <!-- 配置bean -->
 8     <bean id="dog1" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog">
 9         <!-- <property name="name" value="Jack2"></property> -->
10     </bean>
11     <!-- 引用bean -->
12     <bean id="people5" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
13         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
14         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
15         <property name="age" value="11"></property>
16         <!-- 使用property的ref属性建立bean之间的引用关系 -->
17         <property name="dog" ref="dog1"></property>
18         <!-- 为级联属性赋值，首先必须引用级联属性的类 -->
19         <property name="dog.name" value="Jack2"></property>
20     </bean>
21 </beans>

beans.xml

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class People {
 4 
 5     private int id;
 6     private String name;
 7     private int age;
 8     private Dog dog;
 9     
10     
11     public People() {
12         super();
13         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
14     }
15     
16     public People(int id, String name, int age) {
17         super();
18         this.id = id;
19         this.name = name;
20         this.age = age;
21     }
22 
23 
24     public int getId() {
25         return id;
26     }
27 
28 
29     public void setId(int id) {
30         this.id = id;
31     }
32 
33 
34     public String getName() {
35         return name;
36     }
37 
38 
39     public void setName(String name) {
40         this.name = name;
41     }
42 
43 
44     public int getAge() {
45         return age;
46     }
47 
48 
49     public void setAge(int age) {
50         this.age = age;
51     }
52     
53 
54     public Dog getDog() {
55         return dog;
56     }
57 
58 
59     public void setDog(Dog dog) {
60         this.dog = dog;
61     }
62 
63     @Override
64     public String toString() {
65         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", dog=" + dog.getName() + "]";
66     }
67 
68 }

People.java

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14 
15 }

Dog.java

运行结果显示：

6，集合类型属性；

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     // 注入集合
20     @Test
21     public void test6() {
22         People people=(People)ac.getBean("people6");
23         System.out.println(people);
24     }
25     
26 }

T.java

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6 
 7     <bean id="dog1" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog">
 8         <property name="name" value="Jack"></property>
 9     </bean>
10     
11     <bean id="people6" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
12         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
13         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
14         <property name="age" value="11"></property>
15         <property name="dog" ref="dog1"></property>
16         <property name="hobbies">
17             <list>
18                 <value>唱歌</value>
19                 <value>跳舞</value>
20             </list>
21         </property>
22         <property name="loves">
23             <set>
24                 <value>唱歌2</value>
25                 <value>跳舞2</value>
26             </set>
27         </property>
28         <property name="works">
29             <map>
30                 <entry>
31                     <key><value>上午</value></key>
32                     <value>写代码</value>
33                 </entry>
34                 <entry>
35                     <key><value>下午</value></key>
36                     <value>测试代码</value>
37                 </entry>
38             </map>
39         </property>
40         <property name="addresses">
41             <props>
42                 <prop key="address1">aaaaa</prop>
43                 <prop key="address2">bbbbb</prop>
44             </props>
45         </property>
46     </bean>
47 </beans>

beans.xml

  1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
  2 
  3 import java.util.ArrayList;
  4 import java.util.HashMap;
  5 import java.util.HashSet;
  6 import java.util.List;
  7 import java.util.Map;
  8 import java.util.Properties;
  9 import java.util.Set;
 10 
 11 public class People {
 12 
 13     private int id;
 14     private String name;
 15     private int age;
 16     private Dog dog;
 17     private List<String> hobbies=new ArrayList<String>();
 18     private Set<String> loves=new HashSet<String>();
 19     private Map<String,String> works=new HashMap<String,String>();
 20     private Properties addresses=new Properties();
 21     
 22     
 23     public People() {
 24         super();
 25         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
 26     }
 27     
 28     public People(int id, String name, int age) {
 29         super();
 30         this.id = id;
 31         this.name = name;
 32         this.age = age;
 33     }
 34 
 35 
 36     public int getId() {
 37         return id;
 38     }
 39 
 40 
 41     public void setId(int id) {
 42         this.id = id;
 43     }
 44 
 45 
 46     public String getName() {
 47         return name;
 48     }
 49 
 50 
 51     public void setName(String name) {
 52         this.name = name;
 53     }
 54 
 55 
 56     public int getAge() {
 57         return age;
 58     }
 59 
 60 
 61     public void setAge(int age) {
 62         this.age = age;
 63     }
 64     
 65 
 66     public Dog getDog() {
 67         return dog;
 68     }
 69 
 70 
 71     public void setDog(Dog dog) {
 72         this.dog = dog;
 73     }
 74 
 75     public List<String> getHobbies() {
 76         return hobbies;
 77     }
 78 
 79     public void setHobbies(List<String> hobbies) {
 80         this.hobbies = hobbies;
 81     }
 82 
 83     public Set<String> getLoves() {
 84         return loves;
 85     }
 86 
 87     public void setLoves(Set<String> loves) {
 88         this.loves = loves;
 89     }
 90 
 91     public Map<String, String> getWorks() {
 92         return works;
 93     }
 94 
 95     public void setWorks(Map<String, String> works) {
 96         this.works = works;
 97     }
 98 
 99     public Properties getAddresses() {
100         return addresses;
101     }
102 
103     public void setAddresses(Properties addresses) {
104         this.addresses = addresses;
105     }
106 
107     @Override
108     public String toString() {
109         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", dog=" + dog.getName() + ", hobbies=" + hobbies
110                 + ", loves=" + loves + ", works=" + works + ", addresses=" + addresses + "]";
111     }
112     
113 }

People.java

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14 
15 }

Dog.java

运行结果显示：

四月 24, 2017 9:21:01 下午 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@7c53a9eb: startup date [Mon Apr 24 21:21:01 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
四月 24, 2017 9:21:01 下午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [beans.xml]
People [id=1, name=张三, age=11, dog=Jack, hobbies=[唱歌, 跳舞], loves=[唱歌2, 跳舞2], works={上午=写代码, 下午=测试代码}, addresses={address2=bbbbb, address1=aaaaa}]

第六节：Spring 自动装配

通过配置default-autowire 属性，Spring IOC 容器可以自动为程序注入bean；默认是no，不启用自动装配；

default-autowire 的类型有byName,byType,constructor；

byName：通过名称进行自动匹配；

byType：根据类型进行自动匹配；

constructor：和byType 类似，只不过它是根据构造方法注入而言的，根据类型，自动注入；

建议：自动装配机制慎用，它屏蔽了装配细节，容易产生潜在的错误；

1.byName：通过名称进行自动匹配；

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     @Test
20     public void test1() {
21         People people=(People)ac.getBean("people1");
22         System.out.println(people);
23     }
24 }

T.java

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
 6         default-autowire="byName">
 7 
 8     <bean id="dog" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog">
 9         <property name="name" value="Jack"></property>
10     </bean>
11     
12     <bean id="dog2" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog">
13         <property name="name" value="Tom"></property>
14     </bean>
15     
16     <bean id="people1" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
17         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
18         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
19         <property name="age" value="11"></property>
20     </bean>
21     
22 </beans>

beans.xml

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class People {
 4 
 5     private int id;
 6     private String name;
 7     private int age;
 8     private Dog dog;
 9 
10     public int getId() {
11         return id;
12     }
13 
14     public void setId(int id) {
15         this.id = id;
16     }
17 
18     public String getName() {
19         return name;
20     }
21 
22     public void setName(String name) {
23         this.name = name;
24     }
25 
26     public int getAge() {
27         return age;
28     }
29 
30     public void setAge(int age) {
31         this.age = age;
32     }
33 
34     public Dog getDog() {
35         return dog;
36     }
37 
38     public void setDog(Dog dog) {
39         this.dog = dog;
40     }
41 
42     @Override
43     public String toString() {
44         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", dog=" + dog.getName() + "]";
45     }
46 
47 }

People.java

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14 
15 }

Dog.java

运行结果显示：

2.byType：根据类型进行自动匹配；

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     @Test
20     public void test1() {
21         People people=(People)ac.getBean("people1");
22         System.out.println(people);
23     }
24 }

T.java

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
 6         default-autowire="byType">
 7 
 8     <!--
 9     <bean id="dog" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog">
10         <property name="name" value="Jack"></property>
11     </bean>
12       -->
13       
14     <bean id="dog2" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog">
15         <property name="name" value="Tom"></property>
16     </bean>
17     
18     <bean id="people1" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
19         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
20         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
21         <property name="age" value="11"></property>
22     </bean>
23     
24 </beans>

beans.xml

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class People {
 4 
 5     private int id;
 6     private String name;
 7     private int age;
 8     private Dog dog;
 9 
10     public int getId() {
11         return id;
12     }
13 
14     public void setId(int id) {
15         this.id = id;
16     }
17 
18     public String getName() {
19         return name;
20     }
21 
22     public void setName(String name) {
23         this.name = name;
24     }
25 
26     public int getAge() {
27         return age;
28     }
29 
30     public void setAge(int age) {
31         this.age = age;
32     }
33 
34     public Dog getDog() {
35         return dog;
36     }
37 
38     public void setDog(Dog dog) {
39         this.dog = dog;
40     }
41 
42     @Override
43     public String toString() {
44         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", dog=" + dog.getName() + "]";
45     }
46 
47 }

People.java

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14 
15 }

Dog.java

运行结果显示：

3.constructor：和byType 类似，只不过它是根据构造方法注入而言的，根据类型，自动注入；

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     @Test
20     public void test1() {
21         People people=(People)ac.getBean("people1");
22         System.out.println(people);
23     }
24 }

T.java

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
 6         default-autowire="constructor">
 7 
 8     <!--
 9     <bean id="dog" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog">
10         <property name="name" value="Jack"></property>
11     </bean>
12       -->
13       
14     <bean id="dog2" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog">
15         <property name="name" value="Tom"></property>
16     </bean>
17     
18     <bean id="people1" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
19         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
20         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
21         <property name="age" value="11"></property>
22     </bean>
23     
24 </beans>

beans.xml

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class People {
 4 
 5     private int id;
 6     private String name;
 7     private int age;
 8     private Dog dog;
 9 
10     public People() {
11         super();
12     }
13 
14     public People(Dog dog) {
15         super();
16         System.out.println("constructor");
17         this.dog = dog;
18     }
19 
20     public int getId() {
21         return id;
22     }
23 
24     public void setId(int id) {
25         this.id = id;
26     }
27 
28     public String getName() {
29         return name;
30     }
31 
32     public void setName(String name) {
33         this.name = name;
34     }
35 
36     public int getAge() {
37         return age;
38     }
39 
40     public void setAge(int age) {
41         this.age = age;
42     }
43 
44     public Dog getDog() {
45         return dog;
46     }
47 
48     public void setDog(Dog dog) {
49         this.dog = dog;
50     }
51 
52     @Override
53     public String toString() {
54         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", dog=" + dog.getName() + "]";
55     }
56 
57 }

People.java

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14 
15 }

Dog.java

运行结果显示：

第七节：方法注入

Spring bean 作用域默认是单例singleton；可以通过配置prototype ，实现多例；

方法注入lookup-method

1.我们默认使用scope="singleton"，也就是默认不写。我们发现每次获取都是一样的值，都是相等的。

T.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.Dog;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     @Test
20     public void test1() {
21         Dog dog1 = (Dog) ac.getBean("dog");
22         Dog dog2 = (Dog) ac.getBean("dog");
23         System.out.println(dog1==dog2);
24     }
25     
26 
27 }

beans.xml:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6 
 7     
 8     <bean id="dog" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog"><!-- 不写的话，默认是使用scope="singleton" -->
 9         <property name="name" value="Jack"></property>
10     </bean>
11     
12 </beans>

Dog.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14     
15     
16 }

运行结果显示：

true

2.我们使用scope="prototype"。我们发现每次获取都是不一样的值，都是不相等的。

T.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.Dog;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     @Test
20     public void test1() {
21         Dog dog1 = (Dog) ac.getBean("dog");
22         Dog dog2 = (Dog) ac.getBean("dog");
23         System.out.println(dog1==dog2);
24     }
25     
26 
27 }

beans.xml:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6 
 7     
 8     <bean id="dog" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog" scope="prototype">
 9         <property name="name" value="Jack"></property>
10     </bean>
11     
12 </beans>

Dog.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14     
15     
16 }

运行结果显示：

false

3.当我们使用注入bean的时候，我们发现虽然用的是scope="prototype"，但是我们发现每次获取都是一样的值，都是相等的。

T.java：

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     @Test
20     public void test1() {
21         People people1 = (People) ac.getBean("people1");
22         People people2 = (People) ac.getBean("people1");
23         System.out.println(people1.getDog()==people2.getDog());
24     }
25     
26 
27 }

beans.xml:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6 
 7     
 8     <bean id="dog" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog" scope="prototype">
 9         <property name="name" value="Jack"></property>
10     </bean>
11     
12     <bean id="people1" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
13         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
14         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
15         <property name="age" value="11"></property>
16         <property name="dog" ref="dog"></property>
17     </bean>
18     
19 </beans>

People.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 
 4 public class People {
 5 
 6     private int id;
 7     private String name;
 8     private int age;
 9     private Dog dog;
10     
11     public int getId() {
12         return id;
13     }
14     public void setId(int id) {
15         this.id = id;
16     }
17     public String getName() {
18         return name;
19     }
20     public void setName(String name) {
21         this.name = name;
22     }
23     public int getAge() {
24         return age;
25     }
26     public void setAge(int age) {
27         this.age = age;
28     }
29     
30     public Dog getDog() {
31         return dog;
32     }
33     public void setDog(Dog dog) {
34         this.dog = dog;
35     }
36     @Override
37     public String toString() {
38         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age
39                 + ", dog=" + dog.getName() + "]";
40     }
41     
42 
43 }

Dog.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14     
15     
16 }

运行结果显示：

true

3.当我们使用注入bean的时候，我们发现虽然用的是scope="prototype"，但是我们发现每次获取都是一样的值，都是相等的。（这个时候我们需要改变每次获取的都是不一样的值，都是不相等的）

这里我们需要将People.java设置成public abstract class People {}类，并且将getDog设置成public abstract Dog getDog();，然后修改beans.xml中<lookup-method name="getDog" bean="dog"/>，这里的name="getDog"就是public abstract Dog getDog();的getDog（），bean="dog"就是beans.xml配置文件中上面一个<bean id="dog" >的。

T.java：

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     @Test
20     public void test1() {
21         People people1 = (People) ac.getBean("people1");
22         People people2 = (People) ac.getBean("people1");
23         System.out.println(people1.getDog()==people2.getDog());
24     }
25     
26 
27 }

beans.xml:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6 
 7     <bean id="dog" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog" scope="prototype">
 8         <property name="name" value="Jack"></property>
 9     </bean>
10     
11     <bean id="people1" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
12         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
13         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
14         <property name="age" value="11"></property>
15         <!-- 
16         <property name="dog" ref="dog"></property>
17          -->
18          <lookup-method name="getDog" bean="dog"/>
19     </bean>
20     
21 </beans>

People.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 
 4 public abstract class People {
 5 
 6     private int id;
 7     private String name;
 8     private int age;
 9     private Dog dog;
10     
11     public int getId() {
12         return id;
13     }
14     public void setId(int id) {
15         this.id = id;
16     }
17     public String getName() {
18         return name;
19     }
20     public void setName(String name) {
21         this.name = name;
22     }
23     public int getAge() {
24         return age;
25     }
26     public void setAge(int age) {
27         this.age = age;
28     }
29     
30     public abstract Dog getDog();
31     
32     public void setDog(Dog dog) {
33         this.dog = dog;
34     }
35     @Override
36     public String toString() {
37         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age
38                 + ", dog=" + dog.getName() + "]";
39     }
40     
41 
42 }

Dog.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14     
15     
16 }

运行结果显示：

false

第八节：方法替换

T.java：

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     @Test
20     public void test1() {
21         People people=(People)ac.getBean("people1");
22         System.out.println(people.getDog().getName());
23     }
24     
25 
26 }

beans.xml:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6 
 7     
 8     <bean id="people1" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People">
 9         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
10         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
11         <property name="age" value="11"></property>
12         <replaced-method name="getDog" replacer="people2"></replaced-method>
13     </bean>
14     
15     <bean id="people2" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People2"></bean>
16 </beans>

People2.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 4 
 5 import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.MethodReplacer;
 6 
 7 
 8 public class People2 implements MethodReplacer {
 9 
10     @Override
11     public Object reimplement(Object arg0, Method arg1, Object[] arg2)
12             throws Throwable {
13         Dog dog=new Dog();
14         dog.setName("Tom");
15         return dog;
16     }
17 
18 }

People.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 
 4 public class People {
 5 
 6     private int id;
 7     private String name;
 8     private int age;
 9     private Dog dog;
10     
11     
12     public int getId() {
13         return id;
14     }
15     public void setId(int id) {
16         this.id = id;
17     }
18     public String getName() {
19         return name;
20     }
21     public void setName(String name) {
22         this.name = name;
23     }
24     public int getAge() {
25         return age;
26     }
27     public void setAge(int age) {
28         this.age = age;
29     }
30     
31     public Dog getDog() {
32         Dog dog=new Dog();
33         dog.setName("Jack");
34         return dog;
35     }
36     public void setDog(Dog dog) {
37         this.dog = dog;
38     }
39     @Override
40     public String toString() {
41         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age
42                 + ", dog=" + dog.getName() + "]";
43     }
44 
45 }

Dog.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14     
15     
16 }

运行结果显示：

Tom

第九节：bean 之间的关系

1，继承；

2，依赖；

3，引用；

1，继承；

T.java：

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     @Test
20     public void test1() {
21         People zhangsan=(People)ac.getBean("zhangsan");
22         System.out.println(zhangsan);
23         
24         People lisi=(People)ac.getBean("lisi");
25         System.out.println(lisi);
26     }
27     
28 
29 }

beans.xml:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6     
 7     <bean id="abstractPeople" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People" abstract="true"><!-- 抽象的类 -->
 8         <property name="className" value="高三5班"></property>
 9         <property name="age" value="19"></property>
10     </bean>
11     
12     <bean id="zhangsan" parent="abstractPeople"><!-- 继承了抽象类abstractPeople -->
13         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
14         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
15     </bean>
16     
17     <bean id="lisi" parent="abstractPeople"><!-- 继承了抽象类abstractPeople，并重写覆盖了age属性 -->
18         <property name="id" value="2"></property>
19         <property name="name" value="李四"></property>
20         <property name="age" value="20"></property>
21     </bean>
22 </beans>

People.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 
 4 public class People {
 5 
 6     private int id;
 7     private String name;
 8     private int age;
 9     private String className;
10     
11     public People() {
12         System.out.println("初始化People");
13     }
14     public int getId() {
15         return id;
16     }
17     public void setId(int id) {
18         this.id = id;
19     }
20     public String getName() {
21         return name;
22     }
23     public void setName(String name) {
24         this.name = name;
25     }
26     public int getAge() {
27         return age;
28     }
29     public void setAge(int age) {
30         this.age = age;
31     }
32     public String getClassName() {
33         return className;
34     }
35     public void setClassName(String className) {
36         this.className = className;
37     }
38     @Override
39     public String toString() {
40         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", className=" + className + "]";
41     }
42 
43 }

运行结果显示：

初始化People
初始化People
People [id=1, name=张三, age=19, className=高三5班]
People [id=2, name=李四, age=20, className=高三5班]

2，依赖；

T.java：

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     @Test
20     public void test1() {
21         People zhangsan=(People)ac.getBean("zhangsan");
22         System.out.println(zhangsan);
23         
24         People lisi=(People)ac.getBean("lisi");
25         System.out.println(lisi);
26     }
27     
28 
29 }

beans.xml:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6     
 7     <bean id="abstractPeople" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People" abstract="true"><!-- 抽象的类 -->
 8         <property name="className" value="高三5班"></property>
 9         <property name="age" value="19"></property>
10     </bean>
11     
12     <bean id="zhangsan" parent="abstractPeople"><!-- 继承了抽象类abstractPeople -->
13         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
14         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
15     </bean>
16     
17     <bean id="lisi" parent="abstractPeople"><!-- 继承了抽象类abstractPeople，并重写覆盖了age属性 -->
18         <property name="id" value="2"></property>
19         <property name="name" value="李四"></property>
20         <property name="age" value="20"></property>
21     </bean>
22     
23     <bean id="authority" class="com.wishwzp.service.Authority"></bean>
24 </beans>

People.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 
 4 public class People {
 5 
 6     private int id;
 7     private String name;
 8     private int age;
 9     private String className;
10     
11     public People() {
12         System.out.println("初始化People");
13     }
14     public int getId() {
15         return id;
16     }
17     public void setId(int id) {
18         this.id = id;
19     }
20     public String getName() {
21         return name;
22     }
23     public void setName(String name) {
24         this.name = name;
25     }
26     public int getAge() {
27         return age;
28     }
29     public void setAge(int age) {
30         this.age = age;
31     }
32     public String getClassName() {
33         return className;
34     }
35     public void setClassName(String className) {
36         this.className = className;
37     }
38     @Override
39     public String toString() {
40         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", className=" + className + "]";
41     }
42 
43 }

Authority.java:

1 package com.wishwzp.service;
2 
3 public class Authority {
4 
5     public Authority() {
6         System.out.println("获取权限");
7     }
8 
9 }

运行结果显示：

初始化People
初始化People
获取权限
People [id=1, name=张三, age=19, className=高三5班]
People [id=2, name=李四, age=20, className=高三5班]

----------------------

但是根据我们的需求，必须要在初始化people之前获取权限才可以。这时候我们就需要依赖关系了，people需要在初始化之前依赖authority。

所以我们修改一下beans.xml文件。

beans.xml：

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6     
 7     <bean id="abstractPeople" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People" abstract="true"><!-- 抽象的类 -->
 8         <property name="className" value="高三5班"></property>
 9         <property name="age" value="19"></property>
10     </bean>
11     
12     <bean id="zhangsan" parent="abstractPeople" depends-on="authority"><!-- 继承了抽象类abstractPeople --><!-- 添加了依赖关系depends-on="authority" -->
13         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
14         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
15     </bean>
16     
17     <bean id="lisi" parent="abstractPeople"><!-- 继承了抽象类abstractPeople，并重写覆盖了age属性 -->
18         <property name="id" value="2"></property>
19         <property name="name" value="李四"></property>
20         <property name="age" value="20"></property>
21     </bean>
22     
23     <bean id="authority" class="com.wishwzp.service.Authority"></bean>
24 </beans>

运行结果显示：

获取权限
初始化People
初始化People
People [id=1, name=张三, age=19, className=高三5班]
People [id=2, name=李四, age=20, className=高三5班]

3，引用；

T.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.People;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     @Test
20     public void test1() {
21         People zhangsan=(People)ac.getBean("zhangsan");
22         System.out.println(zhangsan);
23         
24         People lisi=(People)ac.getBean("lisi");
25         System.out.println(lisi);
26     }
27     
28 
29 }

beans.xml:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6         
 7     <bean id="dog" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog">
 8         <property name="name" value="jack"></property>
 9     </bean>
10     
11     <bean id="abstractPeople" class="com.wishwzp.entity.People" abstract="true"><!-- 抽象的类 -->
12         <property name="className" value="高三5班"></property>
13         <property name="age" value="19"></property>
14     </bean>
15     
16     <bean id="zhangsan" parent="abstractPeople" depends-on="authority"><!-- 继承了抽象类abstractPeople --><!-- 添加了依赖关系depends-on="authority" -->
17         <property name="id" value="1"></property>
18         <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
19     </bean>
20     
21     <bean id="lisi" parent="abstractPeople"><!-- 继承了抽象类abstractPeople，并重写覆盖了age属性 -->
22         <property name="id" value="2"></property>
23         <property name="name" value="李四"></property>
24         <property name="age" value="20"></property>
25         <!-- 这里引用了dog -->
26         <property name="dog" ref="dog"></property>
27     </bean>
28     
29     <bean id="authority" class="com.wishwzp.service.Authority"></bean>
30 </beans>

People.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 
 4 public class People {
 5 
 6     private int id;
 7     private String name;
 8     private int age;
 9     private String className;
10     private Dog dog;
11     
12     public People() {
13         System.out.println("初始化People");
14     }
15     public int getId() {
16         return id;
17     }
18     public void setId(int id) {
19         this.id = id;
20     }
21     public String getName() {
22         return name;
23     }
24     public void setName(String name) {
25         this.name = name;
26     }
27     public int getAge() {
28         return age;
29     }
30     public void setAge(int age) {
31         this.age = age;
32     }
33     public String getClassName() {
34         return className;
35     }
36     public void setClassName(String className) {
37         this.className = className;
38     }
39     
40     public Dog getDog() {
41         return dog;
42     }
43     public void setDog(Dog dog) {
44         this.dog = dog;
45     }
46     
47     @Override
48     public String toString() {
49         return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", className=" + className + ", dog=" + dog
50                 + "]";
51     }
52 }

Authority.java:

1 package com.wishwzp.service;
2 
3 public class Authority {
4 
5     public Authority() {
6         System.out.println("获取权限");
7     }
8 
9 }

Dog.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14     
15 }

运行结果显示：

获取权限
初始化People
初始化People
People [id=1, name=张三, age=19, className=高三5班, dog=null]
People [id=2, name=李四, age=20, className=高三5班, dog=com.wishwzp.entity.Dog@78e67e0a]

第十节：bean 作用范围

1，singleton Spring ioc 容器中仅有一个Bean 实例，Bean 以单例的方式存在；

2，prototype 每次从容器中调用Bean 时，都返回一个新的实例；

3，request 每次HTTP 请求都会创建一个新的Bean；

4，session 同一个HTTP Session 共享一个Bean；

5，global session 同一个全局Session 共享一个Bean，一般用于Portlet 应用环境；

6，application 同一个Application 共享一个Bean；

这里重点我说一下1.singleton和2.prototype两个。。。。

T.java：

 1 package com.wishwzp.test;
 2 
 3 import org.junit.Before;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 import com.wishwzp.entity.Dog;
 9 
10 public class T {
11 
12     private ApplicationContext ac;
13 
14     @Before
15     public void setUp() throws Exception {
16         ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
17     }
18 
19     @Test
20     public void test1() {
21         Dog dog=(Dog)ac.getBean("dog");
22         Dog dog2=(Dog)ac.getBean("dog");
23         System.out.println(dog==dog2);
24     }
25 
26 }

beans.xml:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6     
 7     <bean id="dog" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog" scope="singleton"><!-- scope属性不写的话默认是singleton -->
 8         <property name="name" value="jack"></property>
 9     </bean>
10     
11 </beans>

Dog.java:

 1 package com.wishwzp.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Dog {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6 
 7     public String getName() {
 8         return name;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setName(String name) {
12         this.name = name;
13     }
14     
15 }

运行结果显示：

true

-----------我们改一下beans.xml文件，将scope改成prototype

beans.xml:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6     
 7     <bean id="dog" class="com.wishwzp.entity.Dog" scope="prototype"><!-- scope属性不写的话默认是singleton -->
 8         <property name="name" value="jack"></property>
 9     </bean>
10     
11 </beans>

运行结果显示：

false

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/wishwzp/p/5491624.html