mysql的安装有多种方法，这里就介绍一下二进制包安装。
[root@node1 ~]# tar xvf mysql-5.7.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
[root@node1 ~]# ll
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 676577280 Sep 3 14:32 mysql-5.7.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 644916075 Jun 11 00:09 mysql-5.7.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 31651176 Jun 11 00:06 mysql-test-5.7.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@node1 ~]# tar zxvf mysql-5.7.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
[root@node1 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/* /usr/bin/
[root@node1 ~]# useradd mysql
[root@node1 ~]# mkdir /opt/mysql/
[root@node1 mysql]# vim /opt/mysql/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/opt/mysql/data
basedir=/opt/mysql
socket=/opt/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
[root@node1 ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql/
初始化数据库：
# mysqld --defaults-file=/opt/mysql/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql
2019-10-20T15:14:23.391761Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-10-20T15:14:23.391972Z 0 [ERROR] Can't find error-message file '/opt/mysql/share/errmsg.sys'. Check error-message file location and 'lc-messages-dir' configuration directive.
2019-10-20T15:14:23.647941Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2019-10-20T15:14:23.705942Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2019-10-20T15:14:23.761481Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 4c79a27e-f34c-11e9-a440-000c29641ef8.
2019-10-20T15:14:23.762286Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2019-10-20T15:14:23.763231Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: SbGi_Ld2M.0M
启动数据库：
# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/opt/mysql/my.cnf --user=mysql &
[1] 10083
[root@node1 mysql]# Logging to '/opt/mysql/data/node1.err'.
2019-10-20T15:26:05.609531Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /opt/mysql/data
[root@node1 mysql]# ps -ef|grep mysqld
root 10083 4162 0 23:26 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/opt/mysql/my.cnf --user=mysql
mysql 10211 10083 3 23:26 pts/2 00:00:00 /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/opt/mysql/my.cnf --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=node1.err --pid-file=node1.pid --socket=/opt/mysql/mysql.sock
root 10248 4162 0 23:26 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld
[root@node1 mysql]# netstat -tlunp|grep mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 10211/mysqld
[root@node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /opt/mysql/mysql.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.27
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): Unknown error 1820
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): Unknown error 1820
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Wpw303@123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
关闭数据库：
# mysqladmin -uroot -pWpw303@123 -S /opt/mysql/mysql.sock shutdown