4、Docker 镜像构建

Docker 镜像构建

构建分为两种

• 手动构建
• 自动构建dockerfile

手动构建

首先启动一个Centos 容器，然后在容器中安装一个nginx

[root@node ~]# docker run -it --name nginx-man centos
[root@b82585fe6777 /]#

安装Nginx

这一步就很简单了，贴一下命令

[root@b82585fe6777 ~]# yum install wget gcc gcc-c++ openssl-devel zlib-devel pcre-devel -y
[root@b82585fe6777 ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@b82585fe6777 ~]# tar xf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@b82585fe6777 ~]# cd nginx-1.12.2
[root@b82585fe6777 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre
[root@b82585fe6777 nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install
[root@b82585fe6777 nginx-1.12.2]# ls /usr/local/nginx/
conf  html  logs  sbin

这样就还差一步，配置nginx配置文件，使nginx运行在前台

# 在nginx主配置文件的最上面，增加下面的内容即可
[root@b82585fe6777 conf]# vi nginx.conf

daemon off;

这样就安装完成了

手动构建镜像

现在开始把刚刚已经安装好的nginx的容器，构建成镜像

[root@node ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS               NAMES
b82585fe6777        centos              "/bin/bash"         About an hour ago   Exited (0) About an hour ago                       nginx-man
[root@node ~]# docker commit -m 'my nginx' b82585fe6777 sijiayong/my-nginx:v1
sha256:a80ecf40e4d253416b61a69a8572e856d621b0ca02423e1de4afedea01626670
[root@node ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
sijiayong/my-nginx   v1                  a80ecf40e4d2        5 seconds ago       328 MB
docker.io/centos     latest              5182e96772bf        2 weeks ago         200 MB
docker.io/nginx      latest              c82521676580        4 weeks ago         109 MB

这里看到，手动构建完成，可以看到一个sijiayong/my-nginx的镜像。

启动刚刚手动构建的容器

[root@node ~]# docker run -d -p 99:80 --name mynginx sijiayong/my-nginx:v1 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
417102138d7a516c1c5ce236c8647f1f64199d8e7ca89358f6d457432bf7501f
[root@node ~]# 
[root@node ~]# 
[root@node ~]# docker ps -l
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                   COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                NAMES
417102138d7a        sijiayong/my-nginx:v1   "/usr/local/nginx/..."   8 seconds ago       Up 8 seconds        0.0.0.0:99->80/tcp   mynginx

已经起来了，下面来测试访问：

---

Dockerfile自动构建

• 基础镜像信息
• 维护者信息
• 镜像操作指令
• 容器启动时执行指令

Dockerfile文件内容：

字段	解释
FROM	基础镜像
MAINTAINER	维护者信息
RUN	把命令前面加上RUN
ADD	COPY文件，会自动解压
WORKDIR	当前目录
VOLUME	目录挂在
EXPOSE	端口
RUN	进程要一直运行下去

下面来开始

准备工作：

1. Centos 镜像
2. nginx源码安装包
3. Centos7国内源的repo文件，(阿里云或者163的，下载下来即可)
4. 创建号目录/opt/docker-file/nginx

需要把nginx源码包和yum源repo文件都放在创建好的nginx目录下，否则在build的时候，会找不到

[root@node nginx]# pwd
/opt/docker-file/nginx
[root@node nginx]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo  Dockerfile  nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@node nginx]# cat Dockerfile 
# This is My first Dockerfile
# Version 1.0
# Author: sijiayong

# Base images
FROM centos

# weihuzhe
MAINTAINER sijiayong000@163.com

# ADD file
ADD nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz /usr/local/src

# RUN
RUN rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
ADD CentOS7-Base-163.repo /etc/yum.repos.d

RUN yum install wget gcc gcc-c++ make openssl-devel zlib-devel pcre-devel -y
RUN useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M www

# WORKDIR
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.2

RUN ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre && make && make install
RUN echo "daemon off;" >>/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

#ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH

# EXPOST
EXPOSE 80

CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"]

然后来构建：

[root@node ~]# docker build -t nginx-file:v1 /opt/docker-file/nginx/
...
这中间内容太多
Removing intermediate container 2b71cba52a7a
Step 11/12 : EXPOSE 80
 ---> Running in 0405f2f283f9
 ---> 858ab9af7659
Removing intermediate container 0405f2f283f9
Step 12/12 : CMD /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
 ---> Running in 83e8ed856aee
 ---> 592d69098f3a
Removing intermediate container 83e8ed856aee
Successfully built 592d69098f3a
[root@node ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx-file           v1                  592d69098f3a        17 hours ago        399 MB
sijiayong/my-nginx   v1                  a80ecf40e4d2        19 hours ago        328 MB
docker.io/centos     latest              5182e96772bf        2 weeks ago         200 MB
docker.io/nginx      latest              c82521676580        4 weeks ago         109 MB
[root@node nginx]# docker run -d -it --name nginx-test -h nginx -p 80:80 nginx-file:v1
8d632d8079a4d72f0034a4982c84997b321e082c7bb5a453fed7ebeb2a3e7e3d
[root@node nginx]# docker ps -l
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                NAMES
8d632d8079a4        nginx-file:v1       "/usr/local/nginx/..."   4 seconds ago       Up 4 seconds        0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   nginx-test
[root@node nginx]# cd
[root@node ~]# ./in.sh  nginx-test
[root@nginx /]# ps aux
USER        PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root          1  0.2  0.1  45944  5580 ?        Ss+  10:02   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
www           6  0.0  0.0  46380  3544 ?        S+   10:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
root          7  0.1  0.0  15264  3268 ?        S    10:02   0:00 -bash
root         20  0.0  0.0  55152  3936 ?        R+   10:02   0:00 ps aux

查看