将oledb读取的excel数据快速插入的sqlserver中,很多人通过循环来拼接sql,这样做不但容易出错而且效率低下,最好的办法是使用bcp,也就是System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy 类来实现。不但速度快,而且代码简单,下面测试代码导入一个6万多条数据的sheet,包括读取(全部读取比较慢)在我的开发环境中只需要10秒左右,而真正的导入过程只需要4.5秒。
- using System;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- using System.Data.OleDb;
- namespace WindowsApplication2
- {
- public partial class Form1 : Form
- {
- public Form1()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- }
- private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- //测试,将excel中的sheet1导入到sqlserver中
- string connString = "server=localhost;uid=sa;pwd=sqlgis;database=master";
- System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog fd = new OpenFileDialog();
- if (fd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
- {
- TransferData(fd.FileName, "sheet1", connString);
- }
- }
- public void TransferData(string excelFile, string sheetName, string connectionString)
- {
- DataSet ds = new DataSet();
- try
- {
- //获取全部数据
- string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + excelFile + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
- OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
- conn.Open();
- string strExcel = "";
- OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = null;
- strExcel = string.Format("select * from [{0}$]", sheetName);
- myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(strExcel, strConn);
- myCommand.Fill(ds, sheetName);
- //如果目标表不存在则创建
- string strSql = string.Format("if object_id('{0}') is null create table {0}(", sheetName);
- foreach (System.Data.DataColumn c in ds.Tables[0].Columns)
- {
- strSql += string.Format("[{0}] varchar(255),", c.ColumnName);
- }
- strSql = strSql.Trim(',') + ")";
- using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection sqlconn = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(connectionString))
- {
- sqlconn.Open();
- System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand command = sqlconn.CreateCommand();
- command.CommandText = strSql;
- command.ExecuteNonQuery();
- sqlconn.Close();
- }
- //用bcp导入数据
- using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy bcp = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy(connectionString))
- {
- bcp.SqlRowsCopied += new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventHandler(bcp_SqlRowsCopied);
- bcp.BatchSize = 100;//每次传输的行数
- bcp.NotifyAfter = 100;//进度提示的行数
- bcp.DestinationTableName = sheetName;//目标表
- bcp.WriteToServer(ds.Tables[0]);
- }
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
- }
- }
- //进度显示
- void bcp_SqlRowsCopied(object sender, System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventArgs e)
- {
- this.Text = e.RowsCopied.ToString();
- this.Update();
- }
- }
- }
面的TransferData基本可以直接使用,如果要考虑周全的话,可以用oledb来获取excel的表结构,并且加入ColumnMappings来设置对照字段,这样效果就完全可以做到和sqlserver的dts相同的效果了。
获取excel结构的方法,同理可以获得access等数据库的表结构信息 GetOleDbSchemaTable:
using System;
namespace ConsoleApplication11
{
class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
getExcelFileInfo(@"c:a.xls");
}
private static void getExcelFileInfo(string Path)
{
string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + Path + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection conn = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection(strConn);
conn.Open();
System.Data.DataTable table = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(System.Data.OleDb.OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, null);
foreach (System.Data.DataRow drow in table.Rows)
{
string TableName = drow["Table_Name"].ToString();
Console.WriteLine(TableName+":");
System.Data.DataTable tableColumns = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(System.Data.OleDb.OleDbSchemaGuid.Columns, new object[] { null, null, TableName ,null});
foreach (System.Data.DataRow drowColumns in tableColumns.Rows)
{
string ColumnName = drowColumns["Column_Name"].ToString();
Console.WriteLine(" "+ColumnName);
}
}
Console.ReadKey(true);
}
}
}
JDBC中对应是:
rs=stmt.executeQuery(sql);
rsMD=rs.getMetaData();
for(int i=1;i<=rsMD.getColumnCount();i++)
if(rsMD.getColumnType(i)==4)//int类型
xmlContent+=rsMD.getColumnName(i)+"='"+rs.getInt(rsMD.getColumnName(i))+"' ";
else
xmlContent+=rsMD.getColumnName(i)+"='"+rs.getString(rsMD.getColumnName(i))+"' ";