• 【C#】判断字符串中是否包含指定字符串,contains与indexof方法效率问题


      

     #方法一:使用string.Contains方法

      string.Contains是大小写敏感的,如果要用该方法来判断一个string是否包含某个关键字keyword,需要把这个string和这个keyword都转成小写或大写再调用Contains方法;

    1 string key = "bbb";
    2 string temp = "aaaBBBcccDDD";
    3 bool isContains= temp.ToLower().Contains(key.ToLower());//true

    #方法二:使用sring.IndexOf方法

      使用string.Index方法,然后通过StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase指定查找过程忽略大小写;

    1 string key = "bbb";
    2 string temp = "aaaBBBcccDDD";
    3 bool isContains = temp.IndexOf(key,StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)>=0;//true

     #当设计到大小写的问题时,那什么时候使用Contains的上述方法,什么时候使用IndexOf的上述方法,哪个效率高?

      contains方法的源码中其实是使用了IndexOf方法的,但效率还是有差别的;

    1、测试代码:基于.net4.5

      注:此测试针对的是拥有大量英文的情况下,并且指定的字符串为英文

      每个方法测试1千万次,输出所用时间;

     1 class Program
     2     {
     3         private const int N = 10000000;
     4         private static Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
     5         static void Main(string[] args)
     6         {
     7 
     8             string source = "aaabbbcccdddeeefffggghhhiiijjjkkklllmmmnnnooopppqqq";
     9             string target = "AAA";
    10             Console.WriteLine("目标在开头部分时:");
    11             Console.WriteLine("不区分大小写:");
    12             TestContains(source, target,true);
    13             TestIndexOf(source, target,true);
    14             Console.WriteLine("区分大小写:");
    15             target = "aaa";
    16             TestContains(source, target,false);
    17             TestIndexOf(source, target,false);
    18             Console.WriteLine();
    19 
    20             Console.WriteLine("目标在中部时:");
    21             Console.WriteLine("不区分大小写:");
    22             target = "HHH";
    23             TestContains(source, target, true);
    24             TestIndexOf(source, target, true);
    25             Console.WriteLine("区分大小写:");
    26             target = "hhh";
    27             TestContains(source, target, false);
    28             TestIndexOf(source, target, false);
    29             Console.WriteLine();
    30 
    31             Console.WriteLine("目标在结尾时:");
    32             Console.WriteLine("不区分大小写:");
    33             target = "QQQ";
    34             TestContains(source, target,true);
    35             TestIndexOf(source, target,true);
    36             Console.WriteLine("区分大小写:");
    37             target = "qqq";
    38             TestContains(source, target,false);
    39             TestIndexOf(source, target,false);
    40 
    41             Console.WriteLine("执行完毕,按任意键退出...");
    42             Console.ReadKey();
    43 
    44         }
    45         private static void TestIndexOf(string source, string target,bool isIgnoreCase)
    46         {
    47             watch.Reset();
    48             watch.Start();
    49             for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
    50             {
    51                 if (isIgnoreCase)
    52                     source.IndexOf(target, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
    53                 else
    54                     source.IndexOf(target);
    55             }
    56             watch.Stop();
    57             Console.WriteLine("IndexOf: " + watch.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + "ms");
    58             return;
    59         }
    60 
    61         private static void TestContains(string source, string target,bool isIgnoreCase)
    62         {
    63             watch.Reset();
    64             watch.Start();
    65             for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
    66             {
    67                 if (isIgnoreCase)
    68                     source.ToLower().Contains(target.ToLower());
    69                 else
    70                     source.Contains(target);
    71             }
    72             watch.Stop();
    73             Console.WriteLine("Contains: " + watch.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + "ms");
    74             return;
    75         }
    76     }

    2、测试结果:

    3、总结

      1、从测试结果(大量测试)中能明显看出,当拥有大量英文的字符串中:

      *当不区分大小写时,string.IndexOf方法的效率明显高于string.Contains方法;

      *当区分大小写时,string.Contains方法的效率明显高于string.IndexOf方法;

      *如果判断的是中文,没有大小写之分,还是string.Contains方法的效率高;

      2、综合上述总结,定义了一个String扩展方法,该方法包含一个StringComparison参数,返回值为是否包含子字符串:

        参考:https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.string.contains?redirectedfrom=MSDN&view=netframework-4.5#System_String_Contains_System_String_

     1 using System;
     2 
     3 public static class StringExtensions
     4 {
     5    public static bool Contains(this String str, String substring, 
     6                                StringComparison comp)
     7    {                            
     8       if (substring == null)
     9          throw new ArgumentNullException("substring", 
    10                                          "substring cannot be null.");
    11       else if (! Enum.IsDefined(typeof(StringComparison), comp))
    12          throw new ArgumentException("comp is not a member of StringComparison",
    13                                      "comp");
    14 
    15       return str.IndexOf(substring, comp) >= 0;                      
    16    }
    17 }
     1 using System;
     2 
     3 public class Example
     4 {
     5    public static void Main()
     6    {
     7       String s = "This is a string.";
     8       String sub1 = "this";
     9       Console.WriteLine("Does '{0}' contain '{1}'?", s, sub1);
    10       StringComparison comp = StringComparison.Ordinal;
    11       Console.WriteLine("   {0:G}: {1}", comp, s.Contains(sub1, comp));
    12       
    13       comp = StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase;
    14       Console.WriteLine("   {0:G}: {1}", comp, s.Contains(sub1, comp));
    15    }
    16 }
    17 // The example displays the following output:
    18 //       Does 'This is a string.' contain 'this'?
    19 //          Ordinal: False
    20 //          OrdinalIgnoreCase: True

      

  • 相关阅读:
    redis该怎么用
    cookie和session的比较
    web常见攻击
    请大神指导从大日志文件中统计关键字次数的办法
    apache中 MaxClients 与MaxRequestsPerChild
    如何提高缓存命中率
    CSU-ACM2018暑假集训比赛1
    CodeForces
    CodeForces
    CodeForces
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/willingtolove/p/9782533.html
Copyright © 2020-2023  润新知