• 【SQL】ROW_NUMBER() OVER(partition by 分组列 order by 排序列)用法详解+经典实例


    #用法说明

    select row_number() over(partition by A order by B ) as rowIndex from table

      A :为分组字段

      B:为分组后的排序字段。

      table 表的结构 多为:  多人 多条的相关数据。(比如:订单信息)

      此条sql语句,多用于对数据进行分组排序,并对每个组中的数据分别进行编号,编号从1开始递增,每个组内的编号不会重复;

    #经典实例

    0、填充数据

     1 create table [OrderInfo](
     2        [Id] [int] PRIMARY KEY  IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
     3        [UserId] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
     4        [TotalPrice] [float] NOT NULL,
     5        [OrderTime] [datetime] NOT NULL,
     6 );
     7 
     8 INSERT INTO [dbo].[OrderInfo]
     9            ([UserId]
    10            ,[TotalPrice]
    11            ,[OrderTime])
    12      VALUES
    13            (N'1', 111, CAST(N'2011-01-01' AS DateTime)),
    14            (N'1', 112, CAST(N'2011-01-02' AS DateTime)),
    15            (N'3', 311, CAST(N'2013-01-01' AS DateTime)),
    16            (N'3', 312, CAST(N'2013-01-02' AS DateTime)),
    17            (N'2', 211, CAST(N'2012-01-01' AS DateTime)),
    18            (N'2', 212, CAST(N'2012-01-02' AS DateTime)),
    19            (N'1', 113, CAST(N'2011-01-03' AS DateTime)),
    20            (N'2', 213, CAST(N'2012-01-03' AS DateTime)),
    21            (N'3', 313, CAST(N'2013-01-03' AS DateTime))
    22 GO

    1、使用row_number()函数对订单进行编号,按照订单时间倒序。(此需求多用于分页)

    1 select Id,UserId,TotalPrice,OrderTime,ROW_NUMBER() over (order by OrderTime desc) as rowIndex from OrderInfo

    #分页场景:每页3条数据,取第2页

    1 with
    2 baseDate
    3 as
    4 (
    5     select Id,UserId,TotalPrice,OrderTime,ROW_NUMBER() over (order by OrderTime desc) as rowIndex from OrderInfo
    6 )
    7 select * from baseDate where rowIndex>3 and rowIndex<7

    2、所有订单按照客户进行分组,并按照客户下的订单的金额倒序排列。

    1 select Id,UserId,orderTime,ROW_NUMBER() over(partition by UserId order by TotalPrice desc) as rowIndex from OrderInfo

    3、筛选出客户第一次下的订单。

      思路:利用rowIndex来判断订单是客户第几次下单;

    1 with
    2 baseDate
    3 as
    4 (
    5     select Id,UserId,TotalPrice,orderTime,ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by UserId order by orderTime) as rowIndex from OrderInfo
    6 )
    7 select * from baseDate where rowIndex=1

    4、筛选出客户在‘2011年1月1日之后的第一次下的订单。

      思路:在分组排序之前进行实践筛选;

      注意在使用over等开窗函数时,over里头的分组及排序的执行晚于“where,group by,order by”的执行。

    1 with
    2 baseDate
    3 as
    4 (
    5     select Id,UserId,TotalPrice,orderTime,ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by UserId order by orderTime) as rowIndex from OrderInfo
    6     where OrderTime>'2011-1-1'
    7 )
    8 select * from baseDate where rowIndex=1

    5、只保留每个客户的最近的一次订单,其余的订单删掉。(常用于删除重复数据)

    1 with
    2 baseDate
    3 as
    4 (
    5     select Id,UserId,TotalPrice,OrderTime,ROW_NUMBER()over (partition by UserId order by OrderTime desc) as rowIndex from OrderInfo
    6 )
    7 delete from baseDate where rowIndex <> 1

    6、统计每一个客户所有的订单中金额最大,并统计该订单是客户第几次购买;

      思路:

        1)先按照客户进行分组,然后按照客户下单的时间进行正序排列,并编号(rowIndex),生成临时表baseDate;

        2)再按照客户进行分组,然后按照客户下单的金额进行倒序排列,并编号(rowIndex),生成临时表basePrice;

        3)最后取basePrice中编号为1的数据,然后根据id到baseDate中去查,即可;

     1 with
     2 baseDate
     3 as
     4 (
     5     select Id,UserId,TotalPrice,orderTime,ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by UserId order by orderTime) as rowIndex from OrderInfo
     6 ),
     7 basePrice
     8 as
     9 (
    10     select Id,UserId,orderTime,ROW_NUMBER() over(partition by UserId order by TotalPrice desc) as rowIndex from OrderInfo
    11 )
    12 select * from baseDate 
    13 where Id in (
    14     select Id from basePrice where rowIndex=1
    15 )

     

    #图中的rowIndex字段就是该订单是第几次购买;

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/willingtolove/p/10623841.html
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