C#对XML、JSON等格式的解析 (转)

C#对XML、JSON等格式的解析

一、C#对XML格式数据的解析

1、用XMLDocument来解析

 XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
 xmlDocument.Load("test.xml");
 
 //创建新节点 
 XmlElement nn = xmlDocument.CreateElement("image");
 nn.SetAttribute("imageUrl", "6.jpg");
 
 XmlNode node = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode("content/section/page/gall/folder");//定位到folder节点
 node.AppendChild(nn);//附加新节点
 
 //保存
 xmlDocument.Save("test.xml");

2、用Linq to XML来解析

可以通过遍历，来获得你想要的节点的内容或属性

            XElement root = XElement.Load("test.xml");
            foreach (XAttribute att in root.Attributes())
            {
                root.Add(new XElement(att.Name, (string)att));
            }
            Console.WriteLine(root);

3、附一个详细点的例子

比如要解析如下的xml文件，将其转化为Ilist对象。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Car>
  <carcost>
    <ID>20130821133126</ID>
    <uptime>60</uptime>
    <downtime>30</downtime>
    <price>0.4</price>
  </carcost>
  <carcost>
    <ID>20130821014316</ID>
    <uptime>120</uptime>
    <downtime>60</downtime>
    <price>0.3</price>
  </carcost>
  <carcost>
    <ID>20130822043127</ID>
    <uptime>30</uptime>
    <downtime>0</downtime>
    <price>0.5</price>
  </carcost>
  <carcost>
    <ID>20130822043341</ID>
    <uptime>120以上！</uptime>
    <downtime>120</downtime>
    <price>0.2</price>
  </carcost>
</Car>

在控制台应用程序中输入如下代码即可。

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            IList<CarCost> resultList = new List<CarCost>();

            XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
            xmlDocument.Load("test.xml");

            XmlNodeList xmlNodeList = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode("Car").ChildNodes;
            foreach (XmlNode list in xmlNodeList)
            {
                CarCost carcost = new CarCost
                (
                    list.SelectSingleNode("ID").InnerText,
                    list.SelectSingleNode("uptime").InnerText,
                    list.SelectSingleNode("downtime").InnerText,
                    float.Parse(list.SelectSingleNode("price").InnerText)
                );
                resultList.Add(carcost);
            }

            IEnumerator enumerator = resultList.GetEnumerator();
            while (enumerator.MoveNext())
            {
                CarCost carCost = enumerator.Current as CarCost;
                Console.WriteLine(carCost.ID + " " + carCost.UpTime + " " + carCost.DownTime + " " + carCost.Price);
            }
        }
    }

    public class CarCost
    {
        public CarCost(string id, string uptime, string downtime, float price)
        {
            this.ID = id;
            this.UpTime = uptime;
            this.DownTime = downtime;
            this.Price = price;
        }
        public string ID { get; set; }
        public string UpTime { get; set; }
        public string DownTime { get; set; }
        public float Price { get; set; }
    }

二、C#对JSON格式数据的解析

引用Newtonsoft.Json.dll文件，来解析。

比如：有个要解析的JSON字符串

[{"TaskRoleSpaces":"","TaskRoles":"","ProxyUserID":"5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7","UserID":"5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7","UserName":"姓名","UserSystemName":"2234","OperationName":"送合同负责人","OperationValue":"同意","OperationValueText":"","SignDate":"2013-06-19 10:31:26","Comment":"同意","FormDataHashCode":"","SignatureDivID":""},{"TaskRoleSpaces":"","TaskRoles":"","ProxyUserID":"2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089","UserID":"2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089","UserName":"姓名2","UserSystemName":"1234","OperationName":"送合同负责人","OperationValue":"同意","OperationValueText":"","SignDate":"2013-06-20 09:37:11","Comment":"同意","FormDataHashCode":"","SignatureDivID":""}]

首先定义个实体类：

    public class JobInfo
    {
        public string TaskRoleSpaces { get; set; }
        public string TaskRoles { get; set; }
        public string ProxyUserID { get; set; }
        public string UserID { get; set; }
        public string UserName { get; set; }
        public string UserSystemName { get; set; }
        public string OperationName { get; set; }
        public string OperationValue { get; set; }
        public string OperationValueText { get; set; }
        public DateTime SignDate { get; set; }
        public string Comment { get; set; }
        public string FormDataHashCode { get; set; }
        public string SignatureDivID { get; set; }
    }

然后在控制台Main函数内部输入如下代码：

string json = @"[{'TaskRoleSpaces':'','TaskRoles':'','ProxyUserID':'5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7','UserID':'5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7','UserName':'姓名','UserSystemName':'2234','OperationName':'送合同负责人','OperationValue':'同意','OperationValueText':'','SignDate':'2013-06-19 10:31:26','Comment':'同意','FormDataHashCode':'','SignatureDivID':''},{'TaskRoleSpaces':'','TaskRoles':'','ProxyUserID':'2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089','UserID':'2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089','UserName':'姓名2','UserSystemName':'1234','OperationName':'送合同负责人','OperationValue':'同意','OperationValueText':'','SignDate':'2013-06-20 09:37:11','Comment':'同意','FormDataHashCode':'','SignatureDivID':''}]
";
 
            List<JobInfo> jobInfoList = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<JobInfo>>(json);
 
            foreach (JobInfo jobInfo in jobInfoList)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("UserName:" + jobInfo.UserName + "UserID:" + jobInfo.UserID);
            }

这样就可以正常输出内容了。

我想肯定有人会问，如果有多层关系的json字符串该如何处理呢？没关系，一样的处理。

比如如何解析这个json字符串：[{'phantom':true,'id':'20130717001','data':{'MID':1019,'Name':'aaccccc','Des':'cc','Disable':'启用','Remark':'cccc'}}]  ？

首先还是定义实体类：

    public class Info
    {
        public string phantom { get; set; }
        public string id { get; set; }
        public data data { get; set; }
    }

    public class data
    {
        public int MID { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Des { get; set; }
        public string Disable { get; set; }
        public string Remark { get; set; }
    }

然后在main方法里面，键入：

            string json = @"[{'phantom':true,'id':'20130717001','data':{'MID':1019,'Name':'aaccccc','Des':'cc','Disable':'启用','Remark':'cccc'}}]";
            List<Info> infoList = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<Info>>(json);

            foreach (Info info in infoList)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("id:" + info.data.MID);
            }

按照我们的预期，应该能够得到1019的结果。

截图为证：

另外，对于有些json格式不是标准的，可以使用通用的方法进行解析。

            string jsonText = @" {'Count':1543,'Items':[{'UnitID':6119,'UnitName':'C'}]}";
            JsonReader reader = new JsonTextReader(new StringReader(jsonText));
            while (reader.Read())
            {
                Console.WriteLine(reader.TokenType + "		" + reader.ValueType + "		" + reader.Value);
            }