如何配置和使用log4net日志（VS2008+SQL2008环境下）

配置log4net日志输出到ms sql(开发环境：VS2008,SQL2008,log4net 1.2.10)

今天共介绍两种方式：1、使用独立的config文件；2、使用web.config文件

log4net目前最新版本：1.2.10.0 下载地址：http://logging.apache.org/log4net/download.html
首先创建数据库日志表
USE [Test]
GO

/****** Object: Table [dbo].[ErrorLog]    Script Date: 05/17/2010 10:19:54 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

SET ANSI_PADDING ON
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[ErrorLog](
[nId] [bigint] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[dtDate] [datetime] NOT NULL,
[sThread] [varchar](100) NOT NULL,
[sLevel] [varchar](200) NOT NULL,
[sLogger] [varchar](500) NOT NULL,
[sMessage] [varchar](3000) NOT NULL,
[sException] [varchar](4000) NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_ErrorLog] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[nId] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO

SET ANSI_PADDING OFF
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[ErrorLog] ADD DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [dtDate]
GO

一、配置到独立的config文件

1、新建一个web应用程序，添加log4net的引用
2、右键点击项目添加新建项，命名为log4net.config
3、修改log4net.config文件内容为
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
    <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net" />
</configSections>
<log4net>
<!--
    <appender name="RollingLogFileAppender" type=" log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender">
      <file value="rolling-log.txt" />
      <appendToFile value="true" />
      <maxSizeRollBackups value="10" />
      <maximumFileSize value="10MB" />
      <rollingStyle value="Size" />
      <staticLogFileName value="true" />
      <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
        <header value="[Header]&#13;&#10;" />
        <footer value="[Footer]&#13;&#10;" />
        <conversionPattern value="%date [%thread] %-5level %logger [%ndc] - %message%newline" />
      </layout>
    </appender>
-->
    <appender name="ADONetAppender" type="log4net.Appender.ADONetAppender">
      <bufferSize value="1" />
　　　<connectionType value="System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection, System.Data, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/>
　　　<connectionString value="Password=123456;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;Initial Catalog=Test;Data Source=."/>
      <commandText value="INSERT INTO ErrorLog ([dtDate],[sThread],[sLevel],[sLogger],[sMessage],[sException]) VALUES (@log_date, @thread, @log_level, @logger,

@message, @exception)" />
      <parameter>
        <parameterName value="@log_date" />
        <dbType value="DateTime" />
        <layout type="log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout" />
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <parameterName value="@thread" />
        <dbType value="String" />
        <size value="100" />
        <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
          <conversionPattern value="%t" />
        </layout>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <parameterName value="@log_level" />
        <dbType value="String" />
        <size value="200" />
        <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
          <conversionPattern value="%p" />
        </layout>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <parameterName value="@logger" />
        <dbType value="String" />
        <size value="500" />
        <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
          <conversionPattern value="%logger" />
        </layout>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <parameterName value="@message" />
        <dbType value="String" />
        <size value="3000" />
        <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
          <conversionPattern value="%m" />
        </layout>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <parameterName value="@exception" />
        <dbType value="String" />
        <size value="4000" />
        <layout type="log4net.Layout.ExceptionLayout" />
      </parameter>
    </appender>
   
    <root>
      <level value="WARN"/>
      <level value="INFO"/>
      <level value="DEBUG"/>
      <level value="FINE"/>
      <appender-ref ref="ADONetAppender" />
    </root>
    <logger name="iNotes">
      <level value="WARN"/>
      <level value="INFO"/>
      <level value="DEBUG"/>
      <level value="FINE"/>
      <appender-ref ref="ADONetAppender"/>
    </logger>
    <logger name="StellaLogger">
      <level value="ALL"/>
      <appender-ref ref="AdoNetAppender" />
    </logger>
</log4net>
<!--
<log4net debug="false">

    <appender name="LogFileAppender" type="log4net.Appender.FileAppender">

      <param name="File" value="SunSystem.log.txt"/>

      <param name="datePattern" value="MM-dd HH:mm"/>

      <param name="AppendToFile" value="true"/>

      <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

        <param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d [%t] %-5p %c [%x] - %m%n"/>

      </layout>

    </appender>

    <root>

      <level value="DEBUG"/>

      <appender-ref ref=" LogFileAppender "/>

    </root>

</log4net>
-->
</configuration>
4、打开AssemblyInfo.cs文件，添加[assembly: log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator(ConfigFile = "log4net.config", Watch = true)]

5、至此配置基本完成，现在演示如何调用
首先创建Log对象 private static log4net.ILog myLogger = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger(System.Reflection.MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod().DeclaringType);
调用配置文件log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure(new System.IO.FileInfo("log4net.config"));该条我是写到构造函数中的。如：
public _default()
        {
              log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure(new System.IO.FileInfo("log4net.config"));
        }
正式调用:
protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
             myLogger.Debug("系统已记录错误，请联系管理员", null);

        }
到数据库中查询下结果吧。

二、配置到web.config文件

1、新建一个web应用程序，添加log4net的引用
2、修改web.config内容为：
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
    <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net"/>
    <sectionGroup name="system.web.extensions" type="System.Web.Configuration.SystemWebExtensionsSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral,

PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35">
      <sectionGroup name="scripting" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral,

PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35">
        <section name="scriptResourceHandler" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingScriptResourceHandlerSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0,

Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/>
        <sectionGroup name="webServices" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingWebServicesSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral,

PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35">
          <section name="jsonSerialization" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingJsonSerializationSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral,

PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="Everywhere"/>
          <section name="profileService" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingProfileServiceSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral,

PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/>
          <section name="authenticationService" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingAuthenticationServiceSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0,

Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/>
          <section name="roleService" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingRoleServiceSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral,

PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/>
        </sectionGroup>
      </sectionGroup>
    </sectionGroup>
</configSections>
<log4net>
   <!--
    <appender name="RollingLogFileAppender" type=" log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender">
      <file value="rolling-log.txt" />
      <appendToFile value="true" />
      <maxSizeRollBackups value="10" />
      <maximumFileSize value="10MB" />
      <rollingStyle value="Size" />
      <staticLogFileName value="true" />
      <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
        <header value="[Header]&#13;&#10;" />
        <footer value="[Footer]&#13;&#10;" />
        <conversionPattern value="%date [%thread] %-5level %logger [%ndc] - %message%newline" />
      </layout>
    </appender>
    -->
    <appender name="ADONetAppender" type="log4net.Appender.ADONetAppender">
      <bufferSize value="1" />
      　　　<connectionType value="System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection, System.Data, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/>
      　　　<connectionString value="Password=123456;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;Initial Catalog=Test;Data Source=."/>
      <commandText value="INSERT INTO ErrorLog ([dtDate],[sThread],[sLevel],[sLogger],[sMessage],[sException]) VALUES (@log_date, @thread, @log_level, @logger,

@message, @exception)" />
      <parameter>
        <parameterName value="@log_date" />
        <dbType value="DateTime" />
        <layout type="log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout" />
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <parameterName value="@thread" />
        <dbType value="String" />
        <size value="100" />
        <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
          <conversionPattern value="%t" />
        </layout>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <parameterName value="@log_level" />
        <dbType value="String" />
        <size value="200" />
        <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
          <conversionPattern value="%p" />
        </layout>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <parameterName value="@logger" />
        <dbType value="String" />
        <size value="500" />
        <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
          <conversionPattern value="%logger" />
        </layout>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <parameterName value="@message" />
        <dbType value="String" />
        <size value="3000" />
        <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
          <conversionPattern value="%m" />
        </layout>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <parameterName value="@exception" />
        <dbType value="String" />
        <size value="4000" />
        <layout type="log4net.Layout.ExceptionLayout" />
      </parameter>
    </appender>

    <root>
      <level value="WARN"/>
      <level value="INFO"/>
      <level value="DEBUG"/>
      <level value="FINE"/>
      <appender-ref ref="ADONetAppender" />
    </root>
    <logger name="iNotes">
      <level value="WARN"/>
      <level value="INFO"/>
      <level value="DEBUG"/>
      <level value="FINE"/>
      <appender-ref ref="ADONetAppender"/>
    </logger>
    <logger name="StellaLogger">
      <level value="ALL"/>
      <appender-ref ref="AdoNetAppender" />
    </logger>
</log4net>
<appSettings>
    <add key="Default" value="Password=123456;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;Initial Catalog=Test;Data Source=."/>
</appSettings>

<connectionStrings/>

<system.web>
   <!--
            设置 compilation debug="true" 可将调试符号插入
            已编译的页面中。但由于这会
            影响性能，因此只在开发过程中将此值
            设置为 true。
        -->
   <compilation debug="true">
    <assemblies>
     <add assembly="System.Core, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
     <add assembly="System.Data.DataSetExtensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
     <add assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
     <add assembly="System.Xml.Linq, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
    </assemblies>
   </compilation>
   <!--
            通过 <authentication> 节可以配置 ASP.NET 用来
            识别进入用户的
            安全身份验证模式。
        -->
   <authentication mode="Windows"/>
   <!--
            如果在执行请求的过程中出现未处理的错误，
            则通过 <customErrors> 节可以配置相应的处理步骤。具体说来，
            开发人员通过该节可以配置
            要显示的 html 错误页
            以代替错误堆栈跟踪。

        <customErrors mode="RemoteOnly" defaultRedirect="GenericErrorPage.htm">
            <error statusCode="403" redirect="NoAccess.htm" />
            <error statusCode="404" redirect="FileNotFound.htm" />
        </customErrors>
        -->
   <pages>
    <controls>
     <add tagPrefix="asp" namespace="System.Web.UI" assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral,

PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
     <add tagPrefix="asp" namespace="System.Web.UI.WebControls" assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral,

PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
    </controls>
   </pages>
   <httpHandlers>
    <remove verb="*" path="*.asmx"/>
    <add verb="*" path="*.asmx" validate="false" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0,

Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
    <add verb="*" path="*_AppService.axd" validate="false" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions,

Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
    <add verb="GET,HEAD" path="ScriptResource.axd" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptResourceHandler, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0,

Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" validate="false"/>
      <!-- Register the ajax handler -->
      <add verb="POST,GET" path="ajax/*.ashx" type="Ajax.PageHandlerFactory, Ajax" />

    </httpHandlers>
   <httpModules>
    <add name="ScriptModule" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptModule, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral,

PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
   </httpModules>
</system.web>
<system.codedom>
   <compilers>
    <compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" warningLevel="4" type="Microsoft.CSharp.CSharpCodeProvider, System, Version=2.0.0.0,

Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089">
     <providerOption name="CompilerVersion" value="v3.5"/>
     <providerOption name="WarnAsError" value="false"/>
    </compiler>
   </compilers>
</system.codedom>
<!--
        在 Internet 信息服务 7.0 下运行 ASP.NET AJAX 需要 system.webServer
        节。对早期版本的 IIS 来说则不需要此节。
    -->
<system.webServer>
   <validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false"/>
   <modules>
    <remove name="ScriptModule"/>
    <add name="ScriptModule" preCondition="managedHandler" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptModule, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0,

Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
   </modules>
   <handlers>
    <remove name="WebServiceHandlerFactory-Integrated"/>
    <remove name="ScriptHandlerFactory"/>
    <remove name="ScriptHandlerFactoryAppServices"/>
    <remove name="ScriptResource"/>
    <add name="ScriptHandlerFactory" verb="*" path="*.asmx" preCondition="integratedMode" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory,

System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
    <add name="ScriptHandlerFactoryAppServices" verb="*" path="*_AppService.axd" preCondition="integratedMode"

type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
    <add name="ScriptResource" preCondition="integratedMode" verb="GET,HEAD" path="ScriptResource.axd"

type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptResourceHandler, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
   </handlers>
</system.webServer>
<runtime>
   <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
    <dependentAssembly>
     <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Extensions" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.1.0.0" newVersion="3.5.0.0"/>
    </dependentAssembly>
    <dependentAssembly>
     <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Extensions.Design" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.1.0.0" newVersion="3.5.0.0"/>
    </dependentAssembly>
   </assemblyBinding>
</runtime>
</configuration>
3、调用配置文件
public _default()
        {
             log4net.Config.DOMConfigurator.Configure();//直接配置到web.config
           
        }
4、调用方法
protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

             log4net.ILog log = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(Sample));
             log.Info("测试结果！");//配置到webconfig
        }
配置完成。