• LVS+Keepalived实现高可用集群


     http://linux.chinaunix.net/techdoc/net/2009/07/21/1125256.shtml

             # modprobe ip_vs   

    LVS+Keepalived实现高可用集群
     
    来源: ChinaUnix博客  日期: 2009.07.21 14:49 (共有条评论) 我要评论
     
    操作系统平台:CentOS5.2
    软件:LVS+keepalived

    LVS+Keepalived 介绍

    LVS

    LVS是Linux Virtual Server的简写,意即Linux虚拟服务器,是一个虚拟的服务器集群系统。本项目在1998年5月由章文嵩博士成立,是中国国内最早出现的自由软件项目之一。目前有三种IP负载均衡技术(VS/NAT、VS/TUN和VS/DR);
    十种调度算法(rrr|wrr|lc|wlc|lblc|lblcr|dh|sh|sed|nq)。
    Keepalvied
    Keepalived在这里主要用作RealServer的健康状态检查以及LoadBalance主机和BackUP主机之间failover的实现



    IP配置信息:
    • LVS-DR-Master          192.168.2.166 
    • LVS-DR-BACKUP          192.168.2.167 
    • LVS-DR-VIP             192.168.2.170        
    • WEB1-Realserver        192.168.2.171 
    • WEB2-Realserver        192.168.2.172 
    • GateWay                192.168.2.253
      安装LVS和Keepalvied软件包
         
      1. 下载相关软件包 
      #mkdir /usr/local/src/lvs
      #cd /usr/local/src/lvs
      #wget 
      http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz
      #wget 
      http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.1.15.tar.gz

      2. 安装LVS和Keepalived 
    • #lsmod |grep ip_vs
    • #uname -r
    • 2.6.18-53.el5PAE
    • #ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-53.el5PAE-i686/  /usr/src/linux
    • #tar zxvf ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz
    • #cd ipvsadm-1.24
    • #make && make install
    • #find / -name ipvsadm  # 查看ipvsadm的位置
    • #tar zxvf keepalived-1.1.15.tar.gz
    • #cd keepalived-1.1.15
    • #./configure  && make && make install
    • #find / -name keepalived  # 查看keepalived位置                
    •     
    • #cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/
    • #cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
    • #mkdir /etc/keepalived
    • #cp /usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
    • #cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
    • #service keepalived start|stop     #做成系统启动服务方便管理.
      四. 配置LVS实现负载均衡

        1. LVS-DR,配置LVS脚本实现负载均衡 

      vi /usr/local/sbin/lvs-dr.sh

      #!/bin/bash
      # description: start LVS of DirectorServer
      #Written by :NetSeek 
      http://www.linuxtone.org
      GW=192.168.2.253

      # website director vip.
      WEB_VIP=192.168.2.170
      WEB_RIP1=192.168.2.171
      WEB_RIP2=192.168.2.172
      . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

      logger $0 called with $1

      case "$1" in

      start)
              # Clear all iptables rules.
              /sbin/iptables -F
              # Reset iptables counters.
              /sbin/iptables -Z
              # Clear all ipvsadm rules/services.
              /sbin/ipvsadm -C

      #set lvs vip for dr
              /sbin/ipvsadm --set 30 5 60
              /sbin/ifconfig eth0:0 $WEB_VIP broadcast $WEB_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up
              /sbin/route add -host $WEB_VIP dev eth0:0
              /sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $WEB_VIP:80 -s wrr -p 3
              /sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $WEB_VIP:80 -r $WEB_RIP1:80 -g -w 1
              /sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $WEB_VIP:80 -r $WEB_RIP2:80 -g -w 1
              touch /var/lock/subsys/ipvsadm >/dev/null 2>&1
              
              # set Arp
              /sbin/arping -I eth0 -c 5 -s $WEB_VIP $GW >/dev/null 2>&1 
             ;;
      stop)
              /sbin/ipvsadm -C
              /sbin/ipvsadm -Z
              ifconfig eth0:0 down
              route del $WEB_VIP  >/dev/null 2>&1
              rm -rf /var/lock/subsys/ipvsadm >/dev/null 2>&1
              /sbin/arping -I eth0 -c 5 -s $WEB_VIP $GW
              echo "ipvsadm stoped"
             ;;

      status)

              if [ ! -e /var/lock/subsys/ipvsadm ];then
                      echo "ipvsadm is stoped"
                      exit 1
              else
                      ipvsadm -ln
                      echo "..........ipvsadm is OK."
              fi
            ;;

      *)
              echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status}"
              exit 1
      esac

      exit 0
      2. 配置Realserver脚本. 

      #!/bin/bash
      # Written by NetSeek 
      # description: Config realserver lo and apply noarp 
      WEB_VIP=192.168.2.170

      . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

      case "$1" in
      start)
             ifconfig lo:0 $WEB_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $WEB_VIP
             /sbin/route add -host $WEB_VIP dev lo:0
             echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
             echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
             echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
             echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
             sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
             echo "RealServer Start OK"

             ;;
      stop)
             ifconfig lo:0 down
             route del $WEB_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
             echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
             echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
             echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
             echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
             echo "RealServer Stoped"
             ;;
      status)
              # Status of LVS-DR real server.
              islothere=`/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 | grep $WEB_VIP`
              isrothere=`netstat -rn | grep "lo:0" | grep $web_VIP`
              if [ ! "$islothere" -o ! "isrothere" ];then
                  # Either the route or the lo:0 device
                  # not found.
                  echo "LVS-DR real server Stopped."
              else
                  echo "LVS-DR Running."
              fi
      ;;
      *)
              # Invalid entry.
              echo "$0: Usage: $0 {start|status|stop}"
              exit 1
      ;;
      esac
      exit 0

      附上realserver机上的/etc/sysctl.conf:

      # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux
      #
      # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled.  See sysctl(8) and
      # sysctl.conf(5) for more details.
      # Controls IP packet forwarding
      net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
      # Controls source route verification
      net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
      # Do not accept source routing
      net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
      # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel
      kernel.sysrq = 0
      # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename.
      # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications.
      kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
      net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1
      net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2
      net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
      net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
      或者采用secondary ip address方式配置
      # vi /etc/sysctl.conf 

      添加以下内容如上所示:

      net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1
      net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2
      net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
      net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
      #sysctl –p
      #ip addr add 61.164.122.8/32 dev lo
      #ip add list 查看是否绑定
      3. 启动lvs-dr脚本和realserver启本,在DR上可以查看LVS当前状态:
      #watch ipvsadm –ln

      五.利用Keepalvied实现负载均衡和和高可用性

      1.配置在主负载均衡服务器上配置keepalived.conf
      #vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf (主调度器)
      ! Configuration File for keepalived
      global_defs {
         notification_email {
           
      acassen@firewall.loc
           
      failover@firewall.loc
           
      sysadmin@firewall.loc
         }
         notification_email_from 
      Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
         smtp_server 127.0.0.1
         smtp_connect_timeout 30
         router_id LVS_DEVEL
      }
      vrrp_instance VI_1 {
          state MASTER
          interface eth0
          virtual_router_id 51
          priority 100
          advert_int 1
          authentication {
              auth_type PASS
              auth_pass 1111
          }
          virtual_ipaddress {
              192.168.2.170
          }
      }
      virtual_server 192.168.2.170 80 {
          delay_loop 6
          lb_algo wrr
          lb_kind DR
          persistence_timeout 60
          protocol TCP
         
          real_server 192.168.2.171 80 {
              weight 3             
              TCP_CHECK {
              connect_timeout 10   
              nb_get_retry 3
              delay_before_retry 3
              connect_port 80

          }
          real_server 192.168.2.172 80 {
              weight 3
              TCP_CHECK {
              connect_timeout 10
              nb_get_retry 3
              delay_before_retry 3
              connect_port 80
              }
           }
      }

      在备用调度器上:
      #vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf (备用调度器)
      ! Configuration File for keepalived
      global_defs {
         notification_email {
           
      acassen@firewall.loc
           
      failover@firewall.loc
           
      sysadmin@firewall.loc
         }
         notification_email_from 
      Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
         smtp_server 127.0.0.1
         smtp_connect_timeout 30
         router_id LVS_DEVEL
      }
      vrrp_instance VI_1 {
          state BACKUP
          interface eth0
          virtual_router_id 51
          priority 99
          advert_int 1
          authentication {
              auth_type PASS
              auth_pass 1111
          }
          virtual_ipaddress {
              192.168.2.170
          }
      }
      virtual_server 192.168.2.170 80 {
          delay_loop 6
          lb_algo wrr
          lb_kind DR
          persistence_timeout 60
          protocol TCP
         
          real_server 192.168.2.171 80 {
              weight 3             
              TCP_CHECK {
              connect_timeout 10   
              nb_get_retry 3
              delay_before_retry 3
              connect_port 80

          }
          real_server 192.168.2.172 80 {
              weight 3
              TCP_CHECK {
              connect_timeout 10
              nb_get_retry 3
              delay_before_retry 3
              connect_port 80
              }
           }
      }

      2. BACKUP服务器同上配置,先安装lvs再按装keepalived,仍后配置/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf,只需将红色标示的部分改一下即可.
      3. vi /etc/rc.local
         #/usr/local/sbin/lvs-dr.sh  将lvs-dr.sh这个脚本注释掉。
         #/usr/local/sbin/lvs-dr.sh stop 停止lvs-dr脚本

         #/etc/init.d/keepalived start  启动keepalived 服务,keepalived就能利用keepalived.conf 配
         置文件,实现负载均衡和高可用.
      4. 查看lvs服务是否正常
        
      #watch ipvsadm –ln 
      IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
      Prot LocalAddressort Scheduler Flags
        -> RemoteAddressort           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
      TCP  61.164.122.8:80 wrr persistent 60
        -> 61.164.122.10:80            Route   3      0          0
        -> 61.164.122.9:80             Route   3      0          0
      复制代码
      #tail –f /var/log/message  监听日志,查看状态,测试LVS负载均衡及高可用性是否有效。
      5.停Master服务器的keepalived服务,查看BAKCUP服务器是否能正常接管服务。
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/weixun/p/3820701.html
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