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前言:SOA(面向服务的架构)是目前企业应用开发过程中普遍采用的技术,基于MVC WebAPI三层分布式框架开发,以此适用于企业信息系统的业务处理,是本文论述的重点。此外,插件技术的应用,富客户端jQuery实现技术,本文也对其具体实现做以说明。相关示例解决方案可以参考GitHub资源,在文章结尾给出。
1. 系统分层体系架构设计
分布式三层系统简单分为数据访问层,业务逻辑层和前端展现层。分层架构设计是构建大型分布式系统的必要手段,因为可以使得系统健壮,可扩展。
SOA即面向服务的架构,可以帮助企业构建灵活,扩展性强的复杂业务系统,按照服务的理念进行功能交付,调用方也不用去知道实现一方的具体细节;双方是按照统一消息格式,接口方式进行交互的。
SOA的实现是基于以Web服务的方式发布Api接口,目前WebAPI是一种Restfule形式的Web服务,相比WCF的复杂性,WebAPI的开发效率更高,而且在配置时也不需要客户端和服务端的xml配置。
企业核心业务数据可以让桌面、Web、平板、手机或物联设备访问,所以需要统一API接口,WebApi作为业务逻辑处理服务能够满足接口访问和接口之间交互的需求。
1,Dapper是一个轻型的ORM类。代码就一个SqlMapper.cs文件,编译后就40K的一个很小的Dll.
7,Dapper语法十分简单。并且无须迁就数据库的设计。
读取500条记录,并做简单对象的序列化操作时间对比如下图:
2.2 DataRepository类
API Controller:
--[HttpGet]
--[HttpPost]
--[HttpPut]
--[HttpDelete]
GET/POST/PUT/DELETE
- /***
- * HttpGet获取服务端数据
- * @url 业务数据
- * @data
- */
- $.doHttpClientGet = function(url, fn) {
- $.getJSON(url, fn);
- }
- /***
- * HttpPut更新数据到服务端
- * @url 业务数据
- * @data
- */
- $.doHttpClientUpdate = function(url, data, fn) {
- $.ajax({
- url: url,
- type: 'PUT',
- data: data,
- dataType: 'json',
- contentType: 'application/json',
- success: fn
- });
- }
- /***
- * HttpDelete删除数据
- * @url 业务数据
- * @data
- */
- $.doHttpClientDelete = function(url, data, fn) {
- $.ajax({
- url: url,
- type: 'DELETE',
- data: data,
- dataType: 'json',
- contentType: 'application/json',
- success: fn
- });
- }
- /***
- * HttpPost保存数据
- * @url 业务数据
- * @data
- */
- $.doHttpClientSave = function(url, data, fn) {
- $.ajax({
- url: url,
- type: 'POST',
- data: data,
- dataType: 'json',
- contentType: 'application/json',
- success: fn
- });
- }
- /***
- * ajax获取服务端数据
- * @url 业务数据
- * @data
- */
- $.doAjaxGet = function(url, fn) {
- //$.getJSON(url, fn);
- $.ajax({
- url: url,
- type: "GET",
- dataType: 'json',
- //data: data,
- contentType: 'application/json',
- success: fn
- });
- }
- $.doAjaxPost = function(url, data, fn) {
- $.ajax({
- url: url,
- type: 'POST',
- data: data,
- dataType: 'json',
- contentType: 'application/json',
- success: fn
- });
- }
- //构造html的通用方法
- $.buildHTML = function(tag, html, attrs) {
- // you can skip html param
- if (typeof (html) != 'string') {
- attrs = html;
- html = null;
- }
- var h = '<' + tag;
- for (attr in attrs) {
- if (attrs[attr] === false) continue;
- h += ' ' + attr + '="' + attrs[attr] + '"';
- }
- return h += html ? ">" + html + "</" + tag + ">" : "/>";
- }
- //构造JsTree的通用方法
- $.fn.buildJsTree = function (url, fn) {
- var object = require(['jstree'], function(){
- $.jstree._themes = "/PlatJS/Scripts/jstree/themes/";
- var myTree = $(this).jstree({
- "json_data": {
- "ajax": {
- "url": url,
- "type": "GET",
- "dataType": "json",
- "contentType": "application/json charset=utf-8",
- "success": fn
- }
- },
- "plugins": ["themes", "json_data", "ui"]
- });
- })
- }
3.4 如何调试?
FireBug for Firefox
Firefox的RestClient插件—Rest Client测试插件
http://localhost:8081/ProductSys.WebAPI/api/order/insertwith?type="insertwith“
[HttpPost]
public HttpResponseMessageInsertWith(Order entity, string type)
http://localhost:8081/ProductSys.WebAPI/api/order/4
[HttpDelete]
public HttpResponseMessage Delete(string id)
3.5 Web异常错误代码
4.2 Javascript-自执行匿名函数
- //Self-Executing Anonymous Func: Part 2 (Public & Private)
- (function( skillet, $, undefined ) {
- //Private Property
- var isHot = true;
- //Public Property
- skillet.ingredient = "Bacon Strips";
- //Public Method
- skillet.fry = function() {
- var oliveOil;
- addItem( " Butter " );
- addItem( oliveOil );
- console.log( "Frying " + skillet.ingredient );
- };
- //Private Method
- function addItem( item ) {
- if ( item !== undefined ) {
- console.log( "Adding " + $.trim(item) );
- }
- }
- }( window.skillet = window.skillet || {}, jQuery ));
- <pre name="code" class="javascript">//Public Properties
- console.log( skillet.ingredient ); //Bacon Strips
- //Public Methods
- skillet.fry(); //Adding Butter & Fraying Bacon Strips
- //Adding a Public Property
- skillet.quantity = "12";
- console.log( skillet.quantity ); //12
- //Adding New Functionality to the Skillet
- (function( skillet, $, undefined ) {
- //Private Property
- var amountOfGrease = "1 Cup";
- //Public Method
- skillet.toString = function() {
- console.log( skillet.quantity + " " +
- skillet.ingredient + " & " +
- amountOfGrease + " of Grease" );
- console.log( isHot ? "Hot" : "Cold" );
- };
- }( window.skillet = window.skillet || {}, jQuery ));
- try {
- //12 Bacon Strips & 1 Cup of Grease
- skillet.toString(); //Throws Exception
- } catch( e ) {
- console.log( e.message ); //isHot is not defined
- }
- </pre>
- //建议申明对象或数组的写法
- var person = {},
- keys = [];
- //申明复杂对象或数组的写法
- var person = {
- firstName: "Elijah",
- lastName: "Manor",
- sayFullName: function() {
- console.log( this.firstName + " " +
- this.lastName );
- }
- },
- keys = ["123", "676", "242", "4e3"];
4.4 判断对象是否为NULL(c#)
- // <span >C# 例子. 不要在Javascript中这样写</span>
- if ( someString != null &&
- someString.length > 0 ) {
- //Do something here...
- }
- // C# 例子 检查字符串是否为空
- if ( !string.IsNullOrEmpty(someString) ) {
- //Do something here...
- }
4.5 判断对象是否为NULL(javascript)
- Javascript中的正确写法
- // Simplified JavaScript syntax to check for
- // undefined, null, & empty string values
- if ( someString ) {
- //Do something here...
- }
4.6 设置缺省值(c#)
- <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">// C# 例子,不要在Javascript这样写</span>
- if ( someString == null ) {
- someString = "default Value";
- }
- // Slightly better, but don't do this either
- someString = someString ? someString : "default value"; <pre name="code" class="javascript">请在Javascript按如下格式写
- // JavaScript syntax to set a default value
- someString = someString || "default value";
- var myArray = [], name;
- myArray[5] = "test";
- console.log( myArray.length ); //6
- for ( name in myArray ) {
- console.log( name, myArray[name] );
- //Outputs...
- // 5, test
- }
4.10 正确的数组遍历操作符for…;…;
- var myArray = [], name;
- myArray[5] = "test";
- console.log( myArray.length ); //6
- for ( var i = 0, length = myArray.length; i < length; i++ ) {
- console.log( i, myArray[i] );
- //Outputs...
- // 0, undefined
- // 1, undefined
- // 2, undefined
- // 3, undefined
- // 4, undefined
- // 5, test
- }
- for ( var name in object ) {
- //Your code here
- }
- /* Check if object has property before
- iterating, because functions inherited
- from prototype are also included */
- for ( var name in object ) {
- if ( object.hasOwnProperty(name) ) {
- //Your code here
- }
- }
RequireJS 是一个非常小巧的 JavaScript 模块载入框架,是 AMD 规范最好的实现者之一。最新版本的 RequireJS 压缩后只有 14K,堪称非常轻量。它还同时可以和其他的框架协同工作,使用 RequireJS 必将使的前端代码质量得以提升。
- define(['Controllers/Main/ListView'], function (ListView) {
- function start() {
- var users = JSON.parse(localStorage.users);
- ListView.render({ users: users });
- }
- return {
- start: start
- };
- });
提供的示例RequireMVC199中,可以看一下ProductSys.WebApi的服务层代码,前端代码看RequireMvc199的WebApplication项目即可。
完整示例,可以看一下ProductList页面的代码,这个示例是完整的,包括文件:
WebApplication 包括:
Controllers
--ProductController.cs
ViewJS
Controllers
Product
--product-list.js
--product-detail.js
Views
Product
--productlist.cshtml
WebApi 包括:
ProductSys.WebApi
Controllers
--ProductController.cs
ProductSys.ServiceImp
Service
--ProductService.cs