3-5 给定如表4-9所示的概率模型,求出序列a1a1a3a2a3a1的实值标签。
表4-9习题5、习题6的概率模型
解:对序列“113231”编码:
Fx(1)=0.2,Fx(2)=0.5,Fx(3)=01
l(0)=0,u(0)=1
对序列“1”编码:
l(1)= l(0)+( u(0)- l(0)) Fx(0)=0+(1-0)*0=0
u(1)= l(0)+( u(0)- l(0)) Fx(1)= 0+(1-0)*0.2=0.2
对序列“11”编码:
l(2)= l(1)+( u(1)- l(1)) Fx(0)=0+(0.2-0)*0=0
u(2)= l(1)+( u(1)- l(1)) Fx(1)= 0+(0.2-0)*0.2=0.04
对序列“113”编码:
l(3)= l(2)+( u(2)- l(2)) Fx(2)=0+(0.04-0)*0.5=0.02
u(3)= l(2)+( u(2)- l(2)) Fx(3)= 0+(0.04-0)*1=0.04
对序列“1132”编码:
l(4)= l(3)+( u(3)- l(3)) Fx(1)=0.02+(0.04-0.02)*0.2=0.024
u(4)= l(3)+( u(3)- l(3)) Fx(2)=0.02+(0.04-0.02)*0.5=0.03
对序列“11323”编码:
l(5)= l(4)+( u(4)- l(4)) Fx(2)=0.024+(0.03-0.024)*0.5=0.027
u(5)= l(4)+( u(4)- l(4)) Fx(3)=0.024+(0.03-0.024)*1=0.03
对序列“113231”编码:
l(6)= l(5)+( u(5)- l(5)) Fx(0)=0.027+(0.03-0.027)*0=0.027
u(6)= l(5)+( u(5)- l(5)) Fx(1)=0.027+(0.03-0.027)*0.2=0.0276
序列a1a1a3a2a3a1的实值标签为:
Tx(113231)=(0.0276+0.27)/2=0.0273
3-6 对于表4-9给出的概率模型,对于一个标签为0.63215699的长度为10的序列进行解码。
解:
Fx(1)=0.2,Fx(2)=0.5,Fx(3)=1
l(0)=0,u(0)=1
(1)
t*=(0.63215699-0)/(1-0)=0.63215699
Fx(2)=0.5<= t*<= Fx(3)=1
l(1)= l(0)+( u(0)- l(0)) Fx(2)=0.5
u(1)= l(0)+( u(0)- l(0)) Fx(3)=1
由(1)推出第一个序列为3
(2)
t*=(0.63215699-0.5)/(1-0.5)=0.26431398
Fx(1)=0.2<= t*<= Fx(2)=0.5
l(2)= l(1)+( u(1)- l(1)) Fx(1)=0.6
u(2)= l(1)+( u(1)- l(1)) Fx(2)=0.75
由(2)推出第二个序列为2
(3)
t*=(0.63215699-0.6)/(0.75-0.6)=0.21437993
Fx(1)=0.2<= t*<= Fx(2)=0.5
l(3)= l(2)+( u(2)- l(2) Fx(1)=0.63
u(3)= l(2)+( u(2)- l(2)) Fx(2)=0.635
由(3)推出第三个序列为2
(4)
t*=(0.63215699-0.63)/(0.635-0.63)=0.431398
Fx(1)=0.2<= t*<= Fx(2)=0.5
l(4)= l(3)+( u(3)- l(3)) Fx(1)=0.631
u(4)= l(3)+( u(3)- l(3)) Fx2)=0.6325
由(4)推出第四个序列为2
(5)
t*=(0.63215699-0.631)/(0.6325-0.631)=0.77132667
Fx(2)=0.5<= t*<= Fx(3)=1
l(5)= l(4)+( u(4)- l(4)) Fx(2)=0.63175
u(5)= l(4)+( u(4)- l(4)) Fx(3)=0.6325
由(5)推出第五个序列为3
(6)
t*=(0.63215699-0.63175)/(0.6325-0.63175)=0.5426533
Fx(2)=0.5<= t*<= Fx(3)=1
l(6)= l(5)+( u(5)- l(5)) Fx(2)=0.632125
u(6)= l(5)+( u(5)- l(5)) Fx(3)=0.6325
由(6)推出第六个序列为3
(7)
t*=(0.63215699-0.632125)/(0.6325-0.632125)=0.04265333
Fx(k)=0<= t*<= Fx(1)=0.2
l(7)= l(6)+( u(6)- l(6)) Fx(0)=0.632125
u(7)= l(6)+( u(6)- l(6)) Fx(1)=0.632275
由(7)推出第七个序列为1
(8)
t*=(0.63215699-0. 632125)/(0. 632125-0. 632275)=0.21326667
Fx(1)=0.2<= t*<= Fx(2)=0.5
l(8)= l(7)+( u(7)- l(7)) Fx(1)=0.632155
u(8)= l(7)+( u(7)- l(7)) Fx(5)=0.6322
由(8)推出第八个序列为2
(9)
t*=(0.63215699-0.632155)/(0.6322-0. 632155)=0.04422222
Fx(0)=0<= t*<= Fx(1)=0.2
l(9)= l(8)+( u(8)- l(8)) Fx(0)=0.632155
u(9)= l(8)+( u(8)- l(8)) Fx(1)=0.632164
由(9)推出第九个序列为1
(10)
t*=(0.63215699-0.632155)/(0.632164-0.632155)=0.22111111
Fx(1)=0.2<= t*<= Fx(2)=0.5
l(10)= l(9)+( u(9)- l(9)) Fx(1)=0.6321568
u(10)= l(9)+( u(9)- l(9)) Fx(2)=0.6321595
由(10)推出第十个序列为2
总上所述,标签为0.63215699的长度为10的序列进行解码为:3222331212