Corosync+Pacemaker+DRBD+MySQL 实现高可用(HA)的MySQL集群

大纲
一、前言
二、环境准备
三、Corosync 安装与配置
四、Pacemaker 安装与配置
五、DRBD 安装与配置
六、MySQL 安装与配置
七、crmsh 资源管理

推荐阅读：

Linux 高可用(HA)集群基本概念详解 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88522.htm

Linux 高可用（HA）集群之Heartbeat详解 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88521.htm

一、前言
      前几篇博文中我们讲解了，heartbeat、corosync、pacemaker，也讲解了高可用的Web集群、高可用的Mysql集群，这一篇博文 进行小小的总结，heartbeat与corosync是流行的Messaging Layer （集群信息层），非要在这两个当中选一个我选择corosync，至于理由是仁者见仁，智者见智啦，用过的人都知道。Pacemaker是最流行的 CRM（集群资源管理器），是从heartbeat v3中独立出来的资源管理器，同时Corosync+Pacemaker是最流行的高可用集群的套件，前面我们讲解的高可用的Mysql集群是 heartbaet+mysql+nfs组合，其有点令人不满意的是得要三台服务器，其中一台为共享存储，可是这对于中小型公司来说，花个好几万来买台服 务器，会不会有点浪费了，在这篇博文中我们将讲解，只用两台服务器来实现，高可用的Mysql数据库。在上一篇博文中我们已经详细讲解过了DRBD，这里 就不在重复说明，想看的博友可以参考一下这篇博文 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/89035.htm  (Linux 高可用（HA）集群之DRBD详解)，下面我们就来具体演示一下配置过程。
二、环境准备
1.操作系统
CentOS 6.4 X86_64位系统

2.软件环境

• corosync-1.4.1-15.el6_4.1.x86_64
• pacemaker-1.1.8-7.el6.x86_64
• crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64
• kmod-drbd84-8.4.2-1.el6_3.elrepo.x86_64
• drbd84-utils-8.4.2-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64
• mysql-5.5.33

3.拓扑环境

4.配置各节点互相解析
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# uname -n 
node1.test.com 
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts 
127.0.0.1  localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 
::1        localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 
192.168.1.201    node1.test.com    node1 
192.168.1.202    node2.test.com    node2

node2:
[root@node2 ~]# uname -n 
node2.test.com 
[root@node2 ~]# cat /etc/hosts 
127.0.0.1  localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 
::1        localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 
192.168.1.201    node1.test.com    node1 
192.168.1.202    node2.test.com    node2

5.配置各节点ssh互信
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# ssh-keygen  -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa  -P '' 
[root@node1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node2.test.com

node2:
[root@node2 ~]# ssh-keygen  -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa  -P ''
[root@node2 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node1.test.com

6.配置各节点时间同步
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# ntpdate 202.120.2.101

node2:
[root@node2 ~]# ntpdate 202.120.2.101

7.各节点关闭防火墙与SELinux
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# service iptables stop 
[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig iptables off 
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. 
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values: 
#    enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. 
#    permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. 
#    disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded. 
SELINUX=disabled

node2:
[root@node2 ~]# service iptables stop 
[root@node2 ~]# chkconfig iptables off 
[root@node2 ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. 
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values: 
#    enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. 
#    permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. 
#    disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded. 
SELINUX=disabled

8.各节点安装yum源
node1:
[root@node1 src]# wget http://download.Fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
[root@node1 src]# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
warning: epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:epel-release          ########################################### [100%]
[root@node1 src]# rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
[root@node1 ~]# rpm -ivh http://elrepo.org/elrepo-release-6-5.el6.elrepo.noarch.rpm
[root@node1 ~]# yum list

node2:
[root@node2 src]# wget http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
[root@node2 src]# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
warning: epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:epel-release          ########################################### [100%]
[root@node2 src]# rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
[root@node2 ~]# rpm -ivh http://elrepo.org/elrepo-release-6-5.el6.elrepo.noarch.rpm
[root@node2 ~]# yum list

三、Corosync 安装与配置（参考博文：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88733.htm ）
1.安装Corosync
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# yum install -y corosync

node2:
[root@node2 ~]# yum install -y corosync

2.配置Corosync(注，所有的配置说明我就不详细说明了，因为前面的博文全部讲解过)
[root@node1 ~]# cd /etc/corosync/ 
[root@node1 corosync]# ll 
总用量 16 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  445 5月  15 05:09 corosync.conf.example 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1084 5月  15 05:09 corosync.conf.example.udpu 
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 5月  15 05:09 service.d 
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 5月  15 05:09 uidgid.d 
[root@node1 corosync]# cp corosync.conf.example corosync.conf 
[root@node1 corosync]# vim corosync.conf 
[root@node1 corosync]# cat corosync.conf 
# Please read the corosync.conf.5 manual page 
compatibility: whitetank
totem { 
    version: 2 
    secauth: on 
    threads: 0 
    interface { 
        ringnumber: 0 
        bindnetaddr: 192.168.1.0 
        mcastaddr: 226.94.10.10 
        mcastport: 5405 
        ttl: 1 
    } 
}
logging { 
    fileline: off 
    to_stderr: no 
    to_logfile: yes 
    to_syslog: no 
    logfile: /var/log/cluster/corosync.log 
    debug: off 
    timestamp: on 
    logger_subsys { 
        subsys: AMF 
        debug: off 
    } 
}
amf { 
    mode: disabled 
}
service { 
    ver: 0
    name: pacemaker
} 
aisexec {   
    user: root
    group: root
}

3.生成密钥文件
[root@node1 corosync]# mv /dev/{random,random.bak} 
[root@node1 corosync]# ln -s /dev/urandom /dev/random 
[root@node1 corosync]# corosync-keygen   
Corosync Cluster Engine Authentication key generator. 
Gathering 1024 bits for key from /dev/random. 
Press keys on your keyboard to generate entropy. 
Writing corosync key to /etc/corosync/authkey.
[root@node1 corosync]# ll 
总用量 24 
-r-------- 1 root root  128 8月  17 17:17 authkey 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  544 8月  17 17:14 corosync.conf 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  445 5月  15 05:09 corosync.conf.example 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1084 5月  15 05:09 corosync.conf.example.udpu 
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 5月  15 05:09 service.d 
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 5月  15 05:09 uidgid.d

4.将node1上配置文件复制到node2上
[root@node1 corosync]# scp authkey corosync.conf node2:/etc/corosync/ 
authkey                                                                                100%  128    0.1KB/s  00:00 
corosync.conf                                                                          100%  542    0.5KB/s  00:00

好了，到这里corosync配置完成，下面我们配置pacemaker

四、Pacemaker 安装与配置（参考博文：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/89037.htm ）
1.安装pacemaker
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# yum install -y pacemaker

node2:
[root@node2 ~]# yum install -y pacemaker

2.安装crmsh
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# wget  http://download.openSUSE.org/repositories/network:/ha-clustering:/Stable/CentOS_CentOS-6/x86_64/crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64.rpm
[root@node1 ~]# rpm -ivh crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64.rpm 
warning: crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 7b709911: NOKEY 
error: Failed dependencies: 
    pssh is needed by crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64 
    python-dateutil is needed by crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64 
    python-lxml is needed by crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64
[root@node1 ~]# yum install -y python-dateutil python-lxml
[root@node1 ~]# rpm -ivh crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64.rpm --nodeps 
warning: crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 7b709911: NOKEY 
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%] 
  1:crmsh                  ########################################### [100%]
[root@node1 ~]# crm 
Cannot change active directory to /var/lib/pacemaker/cores/root: No such file or directory (2) 
crm(live)# help
This is crm shell, a Pacemaker command line interface.
Available commands:
    cib              manage shadow CIBs 
    resource        resources management 
    configure        CRM cluster configuration 
    node            nodes management 
    options          user preferences 
    history          CRM cluster history 
    site            Geo-cluster support 
    ra              resource agents information center 
    status          show cluster status 
    help,?          show help (help topics for list of topics) 
    end,cd,up        go back one level 
    quit,bye,exit    exit the program

node2:
[root@node2 ~]# wget  http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/network:/ha-clustering:/Stable/CentOS_CentOS-6/x86_64/crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64.rpm
[root@node2 ~]# rpm -ivh crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64.rpm 
warning: crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 7b709911: NOKEY 
error: Failed dependencies: 
    pssh is needed by crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64 
    python-dateutil is needed by crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64 
    python-lxml is needed by crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64
[root@node2 ~]# yum install -y python-dateutil python-lxml
[root@node2 ~]# rpm -ivh crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64.rpm --nodeps 
warning: crmsh-1.2.6-0.rc2.2.1.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 7b709911: NOKEY 
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%] 
  1:crmsh                  ########################################### [100%]
[root@node2 ~]# crm 
Cannot change active directory to /var/lib/pacemaker/cores/root: No such file or directory (2) 
crm(live)# help
This is crm shell, a Pacemaker command line interface.
Available commands:
    cib              manage shadow CIBs 
    resource        resources management 
    configure        CRM cluster configuration 
    node            nodes management 
    options          user preferences 
    history          CRM cluster history 
    site            Geo-cluster support 
    ra              resource agents information center 
    status          show cluster status 
    help,?          show help (help topics for list of topics) 
    end,cd,up        go back one level 
    quit,bye,exit    exit the program

3.启动corosync（注，在配置corosync时，将pacemaker整合进corosync中，corosync启动的同时也会启动pacemaker）
[root@node1 ~]# ssh node2 "service corosync start" 
Starting Corosync Cluster Engine (corosync): [确定] 
[root@node1 ~]# service corosync start 
Starting Corosync Cluster Engine (corosync):              [确定]

4.查看启动信息
(1).查看corosync引擎是否正常启动
[root@node1 ~]# grep -e "Corosync Cluster Engine" -e "configuration file" /var/log/cluster/corosync.log 
Aug 17 17:31:20 corosync [MAIN  ] Corosync Cluster Engine ('1.4.1'): started and ready to provide service. 
Aug 17 17:31:20 corosync [MAIN  ] Successfully read main configuration file '/etc/corosync/corosync.conf'.

(2).查看初始化成员节点通知是否正常发出
[root@node1 ~]# grep  TOTEM /var/log/cluster/corosync.log 
Aug 17 17:31:20 corosync [TOTEM ] Initializing transport (UDP/IP Multicast). 
Aug 17 17:31:20 corosync [TOTEM ] Initializing transmit/receive security: libtomcrypt SOBER128/SHA1HMAC (mode 0). 
Aug 17 17:31:21 corosync [TOTEM ] The network interface [192.168.1.201] is now up. 
Aug 17 17:31:21 corosync [TOTEM ] A processor joined or left the membership and a new membership was formed.

(3).检查启动过程中是否有错误产生
[root@node1 ~]# grep ERROR: /var/log/cluster/corosync.log 
Aug 17 17:31:21 corosync [pcmk  ] ERROR: process_ais_conf: You have configured a cluster using the Pacemaker plugin for Corosync. The plugin is not supported in this environment and will be removed very soon. 
Aug 17 17:31:21 corosync [pcmk  ] ERROR: process_ais_conf:  Please see Chapter 8 of 'Clusters from Scratch' (http://www.clusterlabs.org/doc) for details on using Pacemaker with CMAN

(4).查看pacemaker是否正常启动
[root@node1 ~]# grep pcmk_startup /var/log/cluster/corosync.log 
Aug 17 17:31:21 corosync [pcmk  ] info: pcmk_startup: CRM: Initialized 
Aug 17 17:31:21 corosync [pcmk  ] Logging: Initialized pcmk_startup 
Aug 17 17:31:21 corosync [pcmk  ] info: pcmk_startup: Maximum core file size is: 18446744073709551615 
Aug 17 17:31:21 corosync [pcmk  ] info: pcmk_startup: Service: 9 
Aug 17 17:31:21 corosync [pcmk  ] info: pcmk_startup: Local hostname: node1.test.com

5.查看集群状态
[root@node1 ~]# crm status 
Cannot change active directory to /var/lib/pacemaker/cores/root: No such file or directory (2) 
Last updated: Sat Aug 17 17:36:24 2013 
Last change: Sat Aug 17 17:31:33 2013 via crmd on node2.test.com 
Stack: classic openais (with plugin) 
Current DC: node2.test.com - partition with quorum 
Version: 1.1.8-7.el6-394e906 
2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes 
0 Resources configured.
Online: [ node1.test.com node2.test.com ]

注：node1与node2都在线，DC是node2，符合法定票数
五、DRBD 安装与配置（参考博文：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/89035.htm ）
1.安装DRBD
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install drbd84 kmod-drbd84

node2:
[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install drbd84 kmod-drbd84

2.配置DRBD
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/drbd.d/global_common.conf
global {
usage-count no; #让linbit公司收集目前drbd的使用情况，yes为参加，我们这里不参加设置为no
# minor-count dialog-refresh disable-ip-verification
}
common {
handlers {
pri-on-incon-degr "/usr/lib/drbd/notify-pri-on-incon-degr.sh; /usr/lib/drbd/notify-emergency-reboot.sh; echo b > /proc/sysrq-trigger ; reboot -f";
pri-lost-after-sb "/usr/lib/drbd/notify-pri-lost-after-sb.sh; /usr/lib/drbd/notify-emergency-reboot.sh; echo b > /proc/sysrq-trigger ; reboot -f";
local-io-error "/usr/lib/drbd/notify-io-error.sh; /usr/lib/drbd/notify-emergency-shutdown.sh; echo o > /proc/sysrq-trigger ; halt -f";
# fence-peer "/usr/lib/drbd/crm-fence-peer.sh";
# split-brain "/usr/lib/drbd/notify-split-brain.sh root";
# out-of-sync "/usr/lib/drbd/notify-out-of-sync.sh root";
# before-resync-target "/usr/lib/drbd/snapshot-resync-target-lvm.sh -p 15 -- -c 16k";
# after-resync-target /usr/lib/drbd/unsnapshot-resync-target-lvm.sh;
}
startup {
# wfc-timeout degr-wfc-timeout outdated-wfc-timeout wait-after-sb
}
options {
# cpu-mask on-no-data-accessible
}
disk {
# size max-bio-bvecs on-io-error fencing disk-barrier disk-flushes
# disk-drain md-flushes resync-rate resync-after al-extents
# c-plan-ahead c-delay-target c-fill-target c-max-rate
# c-min-rate disk-timeout
on-io-error detach; #同步错误的做法是分离
}
net {
# protocol timeout max-epoch-size max-buffers unplug-watermark
# connect-int ping-int sndbuf-size rcvbuf-size ko-count
# allow-two-primaries cram-hmac-alg shared-secret after-sb-0pri
# after-sb-1pri after-sb-2pri always-asbp rr-conflict
# ping-timeout data-integrity-alg tcp-cork on-congestion
# congestion-fill congestion-extents csums-alg verify-alg
# use-rle
cram-hmac-alg "sha1"; #设置加密算法sha1
shared-secret "mydrbdlab"; #设置加密key
}
}

3.增加资源
[root@node1 drbd.d]# cat web.res
resource web {
on node1.test.com {
device    /dev/drbd0;
disk      /dev/sdb;
address  192.168.1.201:7789;
meta-disk internal;
}
on node2.test.com {
device    /dev/drbd0;
disk      /dev/sdb;
address  192.168.1.202:7789;
meta-disk internal;
}
}

4.同步配置文件到node2’
[root@node1 drbd.d]# scp global_common.conf web.res node2:/etc/drbd.d/

5.node1与node2上初始化资源
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# drbdadm create-md web
Writing meta data...
initializing activity log
NOT initializing bitmap
New drbd meta data block successfully created.

node2:
[root@node2 ~]# drbdadm create-md web
Writing meta data...
initializing activity log
NOT initializing bitmap
New drbd meta data block successfully created.

6.启动DRBD
node1:
1 [root@node1 ~]# service drbd start

node2:
[root@node2 ~]# service drbd start

7.查看一下状态
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# drbd-overview
0:web/0Connected Secondary/SecondaryInconsistent/InconsistentC r-----

node2:
[root@node2 ~]# drbd-overview
0:web/0Connected Secondary/SecondaryInconsistent/InconsistentC r-----

8.设置node1为主节点
[root@node1 ~]# drbdadm -- --overwrite-data-of-peer primary web 
[root@node1 ~]# drbd-overview   
  0:web/0  Connected Primary/Secondary UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

9.格式化并挂载
[root@node1 ~]# mke2fs -j /dev/drbd
[root@node1 ~]# mkdir /drbd
[root@node1 ~]# mount /dev/drbd0 /drbd/
[root@node1 ~]# mount
/dev/sda2on / typeext4 (rw)
proc on /proctypeproc (rw)
sysfs on /systypesysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/ptstypedevpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /dev/shmtypetmpfs (rw)
/dev/sda1on /boottypeext4 (rw)
/dev/sda3on /datatypeext4 (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misctypebinfmt_misc (rw)
/dev/drbd0on /drbdtypeext3 (rw)
[root@node1 ~]# cd /drbd/
[root@node1 drbd]# cp /etc/inittab /drbd/
[root@node1 drbd]# ll
总用量 20
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  884 8月  17 13:50 inittab
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 8月  17 13:49 lost+found

10.设置node2为主节点
[root@node1 ~]# umount /drbd/
[root@node1 ~]# drbdadm secondary web
[root@node1 ~]# drbd-overview
[root@node2 ~]# drbdadm primary web
[root@node2 ~]# drbd-overview 
0:web/0Connected Primary/SecondaryUpToDate/UpToDateC r----- 
[root@node2 ~]# mkdir /drbd
[root@node2 ~]# mount /dev/drbd0 /drbd/
[root@node2 ~]# ll /drbd/
总用量 20
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  884 8月  17 13:50 inittab
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 8月  17 13:49 lost+found

好了，到这里DRBD配置全部完成，下面我们来配置MySQl

六、MySQL 安装与配置
1.安装Mysql
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# tar xf mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/ 
[root@node1 local]# ln -sv mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64 mysql 
"mysql" -> "mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64"
[root@node1 ~]# chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql/*
[root@node1 ~]# scp mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz node2:/root/

node2:
[root@node2 ~]# tar xf mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@node2 ~]# cd /usr/local/ 
[root@node2 local]# ln -sv mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64 mysql 
"mysql" -> "mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64"
[root@node2 ~]# chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql/*

2.创建Mysql用户与组
node1:
(1).创建mysql组 
1 [root@node1 ~]# groupadd -g 3306 mysql

(2).创建mysql用户 
[root@node1 ~]# useradd -u 3306 -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql

(3).查看
[root@node1 ~]# id mysql
uid=3306(mysql) gid=3306(mysql) groups=3306(mysql)

node2:
(1).创建mysql组 
[root@node2 ~]# groupadd -g 3306 mysql

(2).创建mysql用户   
[root@node2 ~]# useradd -u 3306 -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql

(3).查看
[root@node2 ~]# id mysql
uid=3306(mysql) gid=3306(mysql) groups=3306(mysql)

3.将node1的DRBD设置为主节点并挂载
[root@node1 ~]# drbd-overview 
  0:web/0  Connected Primary/Secondary UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----
[root@node1 ~]# mkdir /mydata 
[root@node1 ~]# mount /dev/drbd0 /mydata/
[root@node1 ~]# cd /mydata/
[root@node1 mydata]# mkdir data
[root@node1 mydata]# chown -R  mysql.mysql /mydata/data/ 
[root@node1 mydata]# ll 
总用量 20 
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql  4096 8月  17 18:37 data 
drwx------ 2 root  root  16384 8月  17 13:49 lost+found

4.提供配置文件
[root@node1 ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
#增加一行
datadir = /mydata/data

5.初始化Mysql
[root@node1 data]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/mydata/data/ --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --user=mysql
[root@node1 data]# ll 
总用量 8 
drwx------ 2 mysql root 4096 8月  17 18:40 mysql 
drwx------ 2 mysql root 4096 8月  17 18:40 test

6.提供启动脚本
[root@node1 ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld 
[root@node1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

7.启动并测试Mysql
[root@node1 data]# service mysqld start 
Starting MySQL..... SUCCESS!   
[root@node1 data]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g. 
Your MySQL connection id is 1 
Server version: 5.5.33-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its 
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective 
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases; 
+--------------------+ 
| Database          | 
+--------------------+ 
| information_schema | 
| mysql              | 
| performance_schema | 
| test              | 
+--------------------+ 
4 rows in set (0.08 sec)
mysql>

8.将node1上mysql配置文件与启动脚本复制到node2上
[root@node1 ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf node2:/etc/ 
my.cnf                                                                                100% 4687    4.6KB/s  00:00 
[root@node1 ~]# scp /etc/init.d/mysqld node2:/etc/init.d/ 
mysqld                                                                                100%  11KB  10.6KB/s  00:00

9.关闭mysql并设置开机不启动
[root@node1 ~]# service mysqld stop 
Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@node1 data]# chkconfig mysqld off 
[root@node1 data]# chkconfig mysqld --list 
mysqld            0:关闭    1:关闭    2:关闭    3:关闭    4:关闭    5:关闭    6:关闭

10.将node2节点上的DRBD设置为主节点并挂载
[root@node1 ~]# umount /mydata/ 
[root@node1 ~]# drbdadm secondary web 
[root@node1 ~]# drbd-overview   
  0:web/0  Connected Secondary/Secondary UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----
[root@node2 ~]# drbdadm primary web 
[root@node2 ~]# drbd-overview   
  0:web/0  Connected Primary/Secondary UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----   
[root@node2 ~]# mkdir /mydata 
[root@node2 ~]# mount /dev/drbd0 /mydata/ 
[root@node2 ~]# cd /mydata/ 
[root@node2 mydata]# ll 
总用量 20 
drwxr-xr-x 5 mysql mysql  4096 8月  17 19:41 data 
drwx------ 2 root  root  16384 8月  17 13:49 lost+found

11.启动并测试node2上的mysql
[root@node2 data]# service mysqld start 
Starting MySQL... SUCCESS!   
[root@node2 data]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql   
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.   
Your MySQL connection id is 1   
Server version: 5.5.33-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its 
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective   
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>

12.关闭node2上mysql并设置开机不启动
[root@node2 ~]# service mysqld stop 
Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!   
[root@node2 ~]# chkconfig mysqld off   
[root@node2 ~]# chkconfig mysqld --list   
mysqld            0:关闭    1:关闭    2:关闭    3:关闭    4:关闭    5:关闭    6:关闭

好了，到这里mysql配置全部完成，有一点得说明一下。启动mysql时，可能会出错查看一下错误日志会发现缺一下库文件 libaio，这里我们用yum install -y libaio安装一下，便能顺利启动。
七、crmsh 资源管理
1.关闭drbd并设置开机不启动
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# service drbd stop 
Stopping all DRBD resources: .   
[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig drbd off   
[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig drbd --list   
drbd              0:关闭    1:关闭    2:关闭    3:关闭    4:关闭    5:关闭    6:关闭

node2:
12345 [root@node2 ~]# service drbd stop 
Stopping all DRBD resources:   
[root@node2 ~]# chkconfig drbd off   
[root@node2 ~]# chkconfig drbd --list   
drbd              0:关闭    1:关闭    2:关闭    3:关闭    4:关闭    5:关闭    6:关闭

2.增加drbd资源
[root@node1 ~]# crm
 Cannot change active directory to /var/lib/pacemaker/cores/root: No such file or directory (2) 
crm(live)# configure 
crm(live)configure# property stonith-enabled=false 
crm(live)configure# property no-quorum-policy=ignore   
crm(live)configure# verify   
crm(live)configure# commit   
crm(live)configure# primitive mysqldrbd ocf:heartbeat:drbd params drbd_resource=web op start timeout=240 op stop timeout=100 op monitor role=Master interval=20 timeout=30 op monitor role=Slave interval=30 timeout=30
crm(live)configure# ms ms_mysqldrbd mysqldrbd meta master-max=1 master-node-max=1 clone-max=2 clone-node-max=1 notify=true
crm(live)configure# show
node node1.test.com 
node node2.test.com   
primitive mysqldrbd ocf:heartbeat:drbd    
        params drbd_resource="web"    
        op start timeout="240" interval="0"    
        op stop timeout="100" interval="0"    
        op monitor role="Master" interval="20" timeout="30"    
        op monitor role="Slave" interval="30" timeout="30" 
ms ms_mysqldrbd mysqldrbd    
        meta master-max="1" master-node-max="1" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1" notify="true" 
property $id="cib-bootstrap-options"    
        dc-version="1.1.8-7.el6-394e906"    
        cluster-infrastructure="classic openais (with plugin)"    
        expected-quorum-votes="2"    
        stonith-enabled="false"    
        no-quorum-policy="ignore"
[root@node1 ~]# crm status 
Cannot change active directory to /var/lib/pacemaker/cores/root: No such file or directory (2)   
Last updated: Sat Aug 17 20:14:16 2013   
Last change: Sat Aug 17 20:12:55 2013 via cibadmin on node1.test.com   
Stack: classic openais (with plugin)   
Current DC: node1.test.com - partition with quorum   
Version: 1.1.8-7.el6-394e906   
2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes   
2 Resources configured.
Online: [ node1.test.com node2.test.com ]
 Master/Slave Set: ms_mysqldrbd [mysqldrbd] 
    Masters: [ node2.test.com ]   
    Slaves: [ node1.test.com ]

3.增加文件系统资源
crm(live)configure# primitive mystore ocf:heartbeat:Filesystem params device=/dev/drbd0 directory=/mydata fstype=ext3 op start timeout=60 op stop timeout=60   
crm(live)configure# verify   
crm(live)configure# colocation mystore_with_ms_mysqldrbd inf: ms_mysqldrbd:Master   
ERROR: syntax in colocation: colocation mystore_with_ms_mysqldrbd inf: ms_mysqldrbd:Master   
crm(live)configure# colocation mystore_with_ms_mysqldrbd inf: mystore ms_mysqldrbd:Master   
crm(live)configure# order mystore_after_ms_mysqldrbd mandatory: ms_mysqldrbd:promote mystore:start   
crm(live)configure# verify   
crm(live)configure# commit
crm(live)configure# show
node node1.test.com 
node node2.test.com   
primitive mysqldrbd ocf:heartbeat:drbd    
        params drbd_resource="web"    
        op start timeout="240" interval="0"    
        op stop timeout="100" interval="0"    
        op monitor role="Master" interval="20" timeout="30"    
        op monitor role="Slave" interval="30" timeout="30" 
primitive mystore ocf:heartbeat:Filesystem    
        params device="/dev/drbd0" directory="/mydata" fstype="ext3"    
        op start timeout="60" interval="0"    
        op stop timeout="60" interval="0" 
ms ms_mysqldrbd mysqldrbd    
        meta master-max="1" master-node-max="1" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1" notify="true" 
colocation mystore_with_ms_mysqldrbd inf: mystore ms_mysqldrbd:Master   
order mystore_after_ms_mysqldrbd inf: ms_mysqldrbd:promote mystore:start   
property $id="cib-bootstrap-options"    
        dc-version="1.1.8-7.el6-394e906"    
        cluster-infrastructure="classic openais (with plugin)"    
        expected-quorum-votes="2"    
        stonith-enabled="false"    
        no-quorum-policy="ignore"
[root@node1 ~]# crm status 
Cannot change active directory to /var/lib/pacemaker/cores/root: No such file or directory (2)   
Last updated: Sat Aug 17 20:37:26 2013   
Last change: Sat Aug 17 20:19:51 2013 via cibadmin on node1.test.com   
Stack: classic openais (with plugin)   
Current DC: node1.test.com - partition with quorum   
Version: 1.1.8-7.el6-394e906   
2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes   
3 Resources configured.
Online: [ node1.test.com node2.test.com ]
 Master/Slave Set: ms_mysqldrbd [mysqldrbd] 
    Masters: [ node2.test.com ]   
    Slaves: [ node1.test.com ]   
 mystore    (ocf::heartbeat:Filesystem):    Started node2.test.com
[root@node2 ~]# mount 
/dev/sda2 on / type ext4 (rw)   
proc on /proc type proc (rw)   
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)   
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)   
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)   
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)   
/dev/sda3 on /data type ext4 (rw)   
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)   
/dev/drbd0 on /mydata type ext3 (rw)   
[root@node2 ~]# cd /mydata/data/   
[root@node2 data]# ll   
总用量 29824   
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 8月  17 19:48 ibdata1   
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  5242880 8月  17 19:48 ib_logfile0   
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  5242880 8月  17 18:57 ib_logfile1   
drwx------ 2 mysql root      4096 8月  17 18:57 mysql   
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    27698 8月  17 18:57 mysql-bin.000001   
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  1061358 8月  17 18:57 mysql-bin.000002   
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      126 8月  17 19:41 mysql-bin.000003   
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      126 8月  17 19:48 mysql-bin.000004   
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      76 8月  17 19:47 mysql-bin.index   
-rw-r----- 1 mysql root      2302 8月  17 19:41 node1.test.com.err   
-rw-r----- 1 mysql root      1849 8月  17 19:48 node2.test.com.err   
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql    4096 8月  17 18:57 performance_schema   
drwx------ 2 mysql root      4096 8月  17 18:57 test

4.增加mysql资源
crm(live)# configure   
crm(live)configure# primitive mysqld lsb:mysqld   
crm(live)configure# colocation mysqld_with_mystore inf: mysqld mystore   
crm(live)configure# verify   
crm(live)configure# show   
node node1.test.com   
node node2.test.com   
primitive mysqld lsb:mysqld   
primitive mysqldrbd ocf:heartbeat:drbd    
    params drbd_resource="web"    
    op start timeout="240" interval="0"    
    op stop timeout="100" interval="0"    
    op monitor role="Master" interval="20" timeout="30"    
    op monitor role="Slave" interval="30" timeout="30" 
primitive mystore ocf:heartbeat:Filesystem    
    params device="/dev/drbd0" directory="/mydata" fstype="ext3"    
    op start timeout="60" interval="0"    
    op stop timeout="60" interval="0" 
ms ms_mysqldrbd mysqldrbd    
    meta master-max="1" master-node-max="1" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1" notify="true" 
colocation mysqld_with_mystore inf: mysqld mystore   
colocation mystore_with_ms_mysqldrbd inf: mystore ms_mysqldrbd:Master   
order mystore_after_ms_mysqldrbd inf: ms_mysqldrbd:promote mystore:start   
property $id="cib-bootstrap-options"    
    dc-version="1.1.8-7.el6-394e906"    
    cluster-infrastructure="classic openais (with plugin)"    
    expected-quorum-votes="2"    
    stonith-enabled="false"    
    no-quorum-policy="ignore"
crm(live)configure# order mysqld_after_mystore mandatory: mystore mysqld 
crm(live)configure# verify   
crm(live)configure# show   
node node1.test.com   
node node2.test.com   
primitive mysqld lsb:mysqld   
primitive mysqldrbd ocf:heartbeat:drbd    
    params drbd_resource="web"    
    op start timeout="240" interval="0"    
    op stop timeout="100" interval="0"    
    op monitor role="Master" interval="20" timeout="30"    
    op monitor role="Slave" interval="30" timeout="30" 
primitive mystore ocf:heartbeat:Filesystem    
    params device="/dev/drbd0" directory="/mydata" fstype="ext3"    
    op start timeout="60" interval="0"    
    op stop timeout="60" interval="0" 
ms ms_mysqldrbd mysqldrbd    
    meta master-max="1" master-node-max="1" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1" notify="true" 
colocation mysqld_with_mystore inf: mysqld mystore   
colocation mystore_with_ms_mysqldrbd inf: mystore ms_mysqldrbd:Master   
order mysqld_after_mystore inf: mystore mysqld   
order mystore_after_ms_mysqldrbd inf: ms_mysqldrbd:promote mystore:start   
property $id="cib-bootstrap-options"    
    dc-version="1.1.8-7.el6-394e906"    
    cluster-infrastructure="classic openais (with plugin)"    
    expected-quorum-votes="2"    
    stonith-enabled="false"    
    no-quorum-policy="ignore" 
crm(live)configure# commit
[root@node1 ~]# crm status 
Cannot change active directory to /var/lib/pacemaker/cores/root: No such file or directory (2)   
Last updated: Sat Aug 17 20:46:35 2013   
Last change: Sat Aug 17 20:46:07 2013 via cibadmin on node1.test.com   
Stack: classic openais (with plugin)   
Current DC: node1.test.com - partition with quorum   
Version: 1.1.8-7.el6-394e906   
2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes   
4 Resources configured.
Online: [ node1.test.com node2.test.com ]
 Master/Slave Set: ms_mysqldrbd [mysqldrbd] 
    Masters: [ node2.test.com ]   
    Slaves: [ node1.test.com ]   
 mystore    (ocf::heartbeat:Filesystem):    Started node2.test.com   
 mysqld    (lsb:mysqld):    Started node2.test.com
[root@node2 ~]# netstat -ntulp | grep :3306 
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306                0.0.0.0:*                  LISTEN      26907/mysqld     
[root@node2 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql   
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.   
Your MySQL connection id is 1   
Server version: 5.5.33-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its 
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective   
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>

5.增加vip资源
crm(live)# configure   
crm(live)configure# primitive vip ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr params ip=192.168.1.200 nic=eth0 cidr_netmask=255.255.255.0   
crm(live)configure# colocation vip_with_ms_mysqldrbd inf: ms_mysqldrbd:Master vip   
crm(live)configure# verify   
crm(live)configure# show
node node1.test.com 
node node2.test.com   
primitive mysqld lsb:mysqld   
primitive mysqldrbd ocf:heartbeat:drbd    
        params drbd_resource="web"    
        op start timeout="240" interval="0"    
        op stop timeout="100" interval="0"    
        op monitor role="Master" interval="20" timeout="30"    
        op monitor role="Slave" interval="30" timeout="30" 
primitive mystore ocf:heartbeat:Filesystem    
        params device="/dev/drbd0" directory="/mydata" fstype="ext3"    
        op start timeout="60" interval="0"    
        op stop timeout="60" interval="0" 
primitive vip ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr    
        params ip="192.168.1.200" nic="eth0" cidr_netmask="255.255.255.0" 
ms ms_mysqldrbd mysqldrbd    
        meta master-max="1" master-node-max="1" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1" notify="true" 
colocation mysqld_with_mystore inf: mysqld mystore   
colocation mystore_with_ms_mysqldrbd inf: mystore ms_mysqldrbd:Master   
colocation vip_with_ms_mysqldrbd inf: ms_mysqldrbd:Master vip   
order mysqld_after_mystore inf: mystore mysqld   
order mystore_after_ms_mysqldrbd inf: ms_mysqldrbd:promote mystore:start   
property $id="cib-bootstrap-options"    
        dc-version="1.1.8-7.el6-394e906"    
        cluster-infrastructure="classic openais (with plugin)"    
        expected-quorum-votes="2"    
        stonith-enabled="false"
crm(live)configure# commit
[root@node1 ~]# crm status 
Cannot change active directory to /var/lib/pacemaker/cores/root: No such file or directory (2)   
Last updated: Sat Aug 17 20:53:15 2013   
Last change: Sat Aug 17 20:52:11 2013 via cibadmin on node1.test.com   
Stack: classic openais (with plugin)   
Current DC: node1.test.com - partition with quorum   
Version: 1.1.8-7.el6-394e906   
2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes   
5 Resources configured.
Online: [ node1.test.com node2.test.com ]
 Master/Slave Set: ms_mysqldrbd [mysqldrbd] 
    Masters: [ node1.test.com ]   
    Slaves: [ node2.test.com ]   
 mystore    (ocf::heartbeat:Filesystem):    Started node1.test.com   
 mysqld    (lsb:mysqld):    Started node1.test.com   
 vip    (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr):    Started node1.test.com

好了，到这里所有的资源配置全部完成，下面我们进行测试一下。
6.测试mysql高可用集群
(1).新增授权
[root@node1 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.   
Your MySQL connection id is 2   
Server version: 5.5.33-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its 
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective   
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> grant all on *.* to root@"192.168.1.%" identified by "123456"; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)
mysql> flush privileges; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

(2).远程测试一下
[root@nfs ~]# yum install -y mysql
[root@nfs ~]# mysql 
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)   
[root@nfs ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 192.168.1.200   
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.   
Your MySQL connection id is 3   
Server version: 5.5.33-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its 
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective   
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases; 
+--------------------+   
| Database          |   
+--------------------+   
| information_schema |   
| mysql              |   
| performance_schema |   
| test              |   
+--------------------+   
4 rows in set (0.06 sec)
mysql> create database mydb; 
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>

(3).模拟一下故障
[root@node1 ~]# crm   
Cannot change active directory to /var/lib/pacemaker/cores/root: No such file or directory (2)   
crm(live)# node   
crm(live)node# standby   
crm(live)node# show   
node1.test.com: normal   
    standby: on   
node2.test.com: normal
[root@node2 ~]# crm status 
Cannot change active directory to /var/lib/pacemaker/cores/root: No such file or directory (2)   
Last updated: Sat Aug 17 21:02:13 2013   
Last change: Sat Aug 17 21:02:00 2013 via crm_attribute on node1.test.com   
Stack: classic openais (with plugin)   
Current DC: node1.test.com - partition with quorum   
Version: 1.1.8-7.el6-394e906   
2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes   
5 Resources configured.
Node node1.test.com: standby   
Online: [ node2.test.com ]
 Master/Slave Set: ms_mysqldrbd [mysqldrbd] 
    Masters: [ node2.test.com ]   
    Stopped: [ mysqldrbd:1 ]   
 mystore    (ocf::heartbeat:Filesystem):    Started node2.test.com   
 mysqld    (lsb:mysqld):    Started node2.test.com   
 vip    (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr):    Started node2.test.com

(4).再进行远程测试一下
mysql> create database testdb; 
ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away   
No connection. Trying to reconnect...   
Connection id:    1   
Current database: *** NONE ***
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.42 sec)
mysql> show databases; 
+--------------------+   
| Database          |   
+--------------------+   
| information_schema |   
| mydb              |   
| mysql              |   
| performance_schema |   
| test              |   
| testdb            |   
+--------------------+   
6 rows in set (0.12 sec)
mysql>

大家可以看到依然可以访问，好了今天的所有的演示到这里就全部结束了，我们下次再见。^_^……

转载：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/89036p3.htm