背景：游戏辅助功能通常使用按键精灵编写脚本，按键精灵的最大卖点就是能够找到画面中字，图，色，这对于模拟用户鼠标操作至关重要，这能找到道具，找到血量，实现自动打怪，自动补血，自动买卖道具，博主闲来无聊，看到一款按键精灵实现的辅助，于是乎想用WPF也写一款辅助工具，实现其核心的找图找色等功能。博主测试，对于背景复杂多变的画面，找不变图的成功率达到100%，找带透明的图，比如文字，能达到90%以上。默认您已经知道一个颜色值由argb构成，每个值范围都是0~255。网上发现不少人询问过该问题，几乎没有比较全面的解答，今天本博主自己写了这些功能的代码，C#同学们，以后可以用这几个函数实现你的游戏辅助了哦(⊙o⊙)
找色：
1 /// <summary>
2 /// 找颜色
3 /// </summary>
4 /// <param name="parPic">查找的图片的绝对路径</param>
5 /// <param name="searchColor">查找的16进制颜色值，如#0C5FAB</param>
6 /// <param name="searchRect">查找的矩形区域范围内</param>
7 /// <param name="errorRange">容错</param>
8 /// <returns></returns>
9 System.Drawing.Point FindColor(string parPic, string searchColor, System.Drawing.Rectangle searchRect, byte errorRange = 10)
10 {
11 var colorX = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.FromHtml(searchColor);
12 var parBitmap = new Bitmap(parPic);
13 var parData = parBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
14 var byteArraryPar = new byte[parData.Stride * parData.Height];
15 Marshal.Copy(parData.Scan0, byteArraryPar, 0, parData.Stride * parData.Height);
16 if (searchRect.IsEmpty)
17 {
18 searchRect = new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height);
19 }
20 var searchLeftTop = searchRect.Location;
21 var searchSize = searchRect.Size;
22 var iMax = searchLeftTop.Y + searchSize.Height;//行
23 var jMax = searchLeftTop.X + searchSize.Width;//列
24 int pointX = -1; int pointY = -1;
25 for (int m = searchRect.Y; m < iMax; m++)
26 {
27 for (int n = searchRect.X; n < jMax; n++)
28 {
29 int index = m * parBitmap.Width * 4 + n * 4;
30 var color = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[index + 3], byteArraryPar[index + 2], byteArraryPar[index + 1], byteArraryPar[index]);
31 if (ColorAEqualColorB(color, colorX, errorRange))
32 {
33 pointX = n;
34 pointY = m;
35 goto END;
36 }
37 }
38 }
39 END:
40 parBitmap.UnlockBits(parData);
41 return new System.Drawing.Point(pointX, pointY);
42 }
43 #endregion
方法中的容错范围，默认设置为10。R、G、B三者的范围都是0~255，容错为10，就表示每个范围都可以在10上下波动，下面还会有容错的概念
找图：
在一张大图中截取一个矩形小图，然后在任意包含该小图的图片中找到该小图的坐标位置
1 #region 找图
2
3 /// <summary>
4 /// 查找图片，不能镂空
5 /// </summary>
6 /// <param name="subPic"></param>
7 /// <param name="parPic"></param>
8 /// <param name="searchRect">如果为empty，则默认查找整个图像</param>
9 /// <param name="errorRange">容错，单个色值范围内视为正确0~255</param>
10 /// <param name="matchRate">图片匹配度，默认90%</param>
11 /// <param name="isFindAll">是否查找所有相似的图片</param>
12 /// <returns>返回查找到的图片的中心点坐标</returns>
13 List<System.Drawing.Point> FindPicture(string subPic, string parPic, System.Drawing.Rectangle searchRect, byte errorRange, double matchRate = 0.9, bool isFindAll = false)
14 {
15 List<System.Drawing.Point> ListPoint = new List<System.Drawing.Point>();
16 var subBitmap = new Bitmap(subPic);
17 var parBitmap = new Bitmap(parPic);
18 int subWidth = subBitmap.Width;
19 int subHeight = subBitmap.Height;
20 int parWidth = parBitmap.Width;
21 int parHeight = parBitmap.Height;
22 if (searchRect.IsEmpty)
23 {
24 searchRect = new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height);
25 }
26
27 var searchLeftTop = searchRect.Location;
28 var searchSize = searchRect.Size;
29 System.Drawing.Color startPixelColor = subBitmap.GetPixel(0, 0);
30 var subData = subBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, subBitmap.Width, subBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
31 var parData = parBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
32 var byteArrarySub = new byte[subData.Stride * subData.Height];
33 var byteArraryPar = new byte[parData.Stride * parData.Height];
34 Marshal.Copy(subData.Scan0, byteArrarySub, 0, subData.Stride * subData.Height);
35 Marshal.Copy(parData.Scan0, byteArraryPar, 0, parData.Stride * parData.Height);
36
37 var iMax = searchLeftTop.Y + searchSize.Height - subData.Height;//行
38 var jMax = searchLeftTop.X + searchSize.Width - subData.Width;//列
39
40 int smallOffsetX = 0, smallOffsetY = 0;
41 int smallStartX = 0, smallStartY = 0;
42 int pointX = -1; int pointY = -1;
43 for (int i = searchLeftTop.Y; i < iMax; i++)
44 {
45 for (int j = searchLeftTop.X; j < jMax; j++)
46 {
47 //大图x，y坐标处的颜色值
48 int x = j, y = i;
49 int parIndex = i * parWidth * 4 + j * 4;
50 var colorBig = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[parIndex + 3], byteArraryPar[parIndex + 2], byteArraryPar[parIndex + 1], byteArraryPar[parIndex]);
51 ;
52 if (ColorAEqualColorB(colorBig, startPixelColor, errorRange))
53 {
54 smallStartX = x - smallOffsetX;//待找的图X坐标
55 smallStartY = y - smallOffsetY;//待找的图Y坐标
56 int sum = 0;//所有需要比对的有效点
57 int matchNum = 0;//成功匹配的点
58 for (int m = 0; m < subHeight; m++)
59 {
60 for (int n = 0; n < subWidth; n++)
61 {
62 int x1 = n, y1 = m;
63 int subIndex = m * subWidth * 4 + n * 4;
64 var color = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArrarySub[subIndex + 3], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 2], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 1], byteArrarySub[subIndex]);
65
66 sum++;
67 int x2 = smallStartX + x1, y2 = smallStartY + y1;
68 int parReleativeIndex = y2 * parWidth * 4 + x2 * 4;//比对大图对应的像素点的颜色
69 var colorPixel = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 3], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 2], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 1], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex]);
70 if (ColorAEqualColorB(colorPixel, color, errorRange))
71 {
72 matchNum++;
73 }
74 }
75 }
76 if ((double)matchNum / sum >= matchRate)
77 {
78 Console.WriteLine((double)matchNum / sum);
79 pointX = smallStartX + (int)(subWidth / 2.0);
80 pointY = smallStartY + (int)(subHeight / 2.0);
81 var point = new System.Drawing.Point(pointX, pointY);
82 if (!ListContainsPoint(ListPoint, point, 10))
83 {
84 ListPoint.Add(point);
85 }
86 if (!isFindAll)
87 {
88 goto FIND_END;
89 }
90 }
91 }
92 //小图x1,y1坐标处的颜色值
93 }
94 }
95 FIND_END:
96 subBitmap.UnlockBits(subData);
97 parBitmap.UnlockBits(parData);
98 subBitmap.Dispose();
99 parBitmap.Dispose();
100 GC.Collect();
101 return ListPoint;
102 }
103 #endregion
找字：
找字比较困难了呢，因为文字是一种镂空的图像，不像上述找的是非镂空图像，代码：
定义结构体：
1 struct NumBody
2 {
3 public int num;//数字
4 public int matchNum;//匹配的个数
5 public int matchSum;
6 public double matchRate;//匹配度
7 public System.Drawing.Point point;
8 public List<System.Drawing.Point> bodyCollectionPoint;//该数字所有像素在大图中的坐标
9 }
1 #region 找字
2
3 /// <summary>
4 /// 找文字，镂空的图片文字
5 /// </summary>
6 /// <param name="subPic"></param>
7 /// <param name="parPic"></param>
8 /// <param name="searchRect"></param>
9 /// <param name="errorRange"></param>
10 /// <param name="matchRate"></param>
11 /// <param name="isFindAll"></param>
12 /// <returns></returns>
13 List<NumBody> FindText(string subPic, string parPic, System.Drawing.Rectangle searchRect, byte errorRange, double matchRate = 0.9, bool isFindAll = false)
14 {
15
16 List<NumBody> ListPoint = new List<NumBody>();
17 var subBitmap = new Bitmap(subPic);
18 var parBitmap = new Bitmap(parPic);
19 int subWidth = subBitmap.Width;
20 int subHeight = subBitmap.Height;
21 int parWidth = parBitmap.Width;
22 int parHeight = parBitmap.Height;
23 var bgColor = subBitmap.GetPixel(0, 0);//背景红色
24 if (searchRect.IsEmpty)
25 {
26 searchRect = new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height);
27 }
28 var searchLeftTop = searchRect.Location;
29 var searchSize = searchRect.Size;
30 var subData = subBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, subBitmap.Width, subBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
31 var parData = parBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
32 var byteArrarySub = new byte[subData.Stride * subData.Height];
33 var byteArraryPar = new byte[parData.Stride * parData.Height];
34 Marshal.Copy(subData.Scan0, byteArrarySub, 0, subData.Stride * subData.Height);
35 Marshal.Copy(parData.Scan0, byteArraryPar, 0, parData.Stride * parData.Height);
36 var iMax = searchLeftTop.Y + searchSize.Height - subData.Height;//行
37 var jMax = searchLeftTop.X + searchSize.Width - subData.Width;//列
38 System.Drawing.Color startPixelColor = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 0);
39 int smallOffsetX = 0, smallOffsetY = 0;
40 int smallStartX = 0, smallStartY = 0;
41 int pointX = -1; int pointY = -1;
42
43
44 for (int m = 0; m < subHeight; m++)
45 {
46 for (int n = 0; n < subWidth; n++)
47 {
48 smallOffsetX = n;
49 smallOffsetY = m;
50 int subIndex = m * subWidth * 4 + n * 4;
51 var color = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArrarySub[subIndex + 3], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 2], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 1], byteArrarySub[subIndex]);
52 if (!ColorAEqualColorB(color, bgColor, errorRange))
53 {
54 startPixelColor = color;
55 goto END;
56 }
57 }
58 }
59
60 END:
61 for (int i = searchLeftTop.Y; i < iMax; i++)
62 {
63 for (int j = searchLeftTop.X; j < jMax; j++)
64 {
65 //大图x，y坐标处的颜色值
66 int x = j, y = i;
67 int parIndex = i * parWidth * 4 + j * 4;
68 var colorBig = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[parIndex + 3], byteArraryPar[parIndex + 2], byteArraryPar[parIndex + 1], byteArraryPar[parIndex]);
69 ;
70
71 List<System.Drawing.Point> myListPoint = new List<System.Drawing.Point>();
72 if (ColorAEqualColorB(colorBig, startPixelColor, errorRange))
73 {
74 smallStartX = x - smallOffsetX;//待找的图X坐标
75 smallStartY = y - smallOffsetY;//待找的图Y坐标
76 int sum = 0;//所有需要比对的有效点
77 int matchNum = 0;//成功匹配的点
78 for (int m = 0; m < subHeight; m++)
79 {
80 for (int n = 0; n < subWidth; n++)
81 {
82 int x1 = n, y1 = m;
83 int subIndex = m * subWidth * 4 + n * 4;
84 var color = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArrarySub[subIndex + 3], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 2], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 1], byteArrarySub[subIndex]);
85 if (color != bgColor)
86 {
87 sum++;
88 int x2 = smallStartX + x1, y2 = smallStartY + y1;
89 int parReleativeIndex = y2 * parWidth * 4 + x2 * 4;//比对大图对应的像素点的颜色
90 var colorPixel = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 3], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 2], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 1], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex]);
91 if (ColorAEqualColorB(colorPixel, color, errorRange))
92 {
93 matchNum++;
94 }
95 myListPoint.Add(new System.Drawing.Point(x2, y2));
96 }
97 }
98 }
99
100 double rate = (double)matchNum / sum;
101 if (rate>= matchRate)
102 {
103 Console.WriteLine((double)matchNum / sum);
104 pointX = smallStartX + (int)(subWidth / 2.0);
105 pointY = smallStartY + (int)(subHeight / 2.0);
106 var point = new System.Drawing.Point(pointX, pointY);
107 if (!ListTextBodyContainsPoint(ListPoint, point, 1))
108 {
109 ListPoint.Add(new NumBody() { point = point, matchNum = matchNum,matchSum=sum, matchRate = rate, bodyCollectionPoint = myListPoint });
110 }
111 SearchNumbersByMatchNum(ref ListPoint);
112 if (!isFindAll)
113 {
114 goto FIND_END;
115 }
116 }
117 }
118 //小图x1,y1坐标处的颜色值
119 }
120 }
121 FIND_END:
122 subBitmap.UnlockBits(subData);
123 parBitmap.UnlockBits(parData);
124 subBitmap.Dispose();
125 parBitmap.Dispose();
126 GC.Collect();
127 return ListPoint;
128 }
特别注意：有了这个方法还是不能找到你要的文字的。要先处理文字，下面举例：
例如在这张图片上找到朋友的朋字的坐标位置：
1：打开你的PS，先将图片放大，看到像素方块为止，然后将朋字的范围圈选住，注意稍微比字圈选的大一点，像这样：
2：按住CTRL+C，然后CTRL+N，出现对话框：(教教大家使用PS^_^)
3：将背景内容选择透明，按确定，再按CTRL+V复制图像
4:将这个图片放大到看到像素为止，将所有非字体的位置全部用铅笔工具涂上同一种颜色，
5:涂完了之后将这张图片保存下来，这张图片就是我们要查找的“朋”字，图片是这样的
6：我们需要的就是第五步的图片和第一张底图，下面见证奇迹的时刻到了。
1 string str1 = @"C:UsersJimmyBrightDesktop1.png"; 2 string str2 = @"C:UsersJimmyBrightDesktop2.png"; 3 var xx = FindText(str2,str1,new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, 400, 600),10);
str1是我们的底图，str2是第五步的那张处理后的文字图片，xx就是我们最后需要的文字的位置坐标，我们运行看看。下面截图运行结果：
显然最后我们查找的文字在图片中的作为为(224,286)，大家可以下载那张图片验证（注：图片中的美女是博主的老婆^_^）
找数：
你以为找到文字就算完了吗？No，找数字才是最困难的，为什么呢？有人会问，数字难道不也是文字吗，不也可以通过PS处理数字达到查找其位置的目的吗？对的，数字也是文字，我们将需要查找的数字0~9全部PS处理，就能查到它们的位置了。但是有一个问题啊，游戏中用数字表示的地方通常是一连串的数字，这些数字里面包含0~9的任意组合。所以我们需要这样处理：
我们从0~9依次查找指定区域，记录每次查找的结果，没查到的数字不必记录，对查到结果的数字再按照X坐标排序，因为在X坐标越小，数字越靠左边。
还有一个严重的问题，例如38,14，这样的数字会很讨厌，为什么呢，我们会再8当中查找3，在4当中查找到1，这会对我们的数字识别产生重大误差，所以下面我也写了一个方法对这个问题做了处理，代码：
1 #region 查找数字
2
3 /// <summary>
4 /// 在指定区域里面查找数字
5 /// </summary>
6 /// <param name="numDic"></param>
7 /// <param name="parPic"></param>
8 /// <param name="searchRect"></param>
9 /// <param name="errorRange"></param>
10 /// <returns></returns>
11 int FindNumbers(Dictionary<int, string> numDic, string parPic, System.Drawing.Rectangle searchRect, byte errorRange=8, double matchRate = 0.9)
12 {
13 //同一个区域找到多个相同的图片
14 List<NumBody> ListBody = new List<NumBody>();
15 foreach (var item in numDic)
16 {
17 var listPoint = FindText(item.Value, parPic, searchRect, errorRange, matchRate, true);
18 foreach (var point in listPoint)
19 {
20 ListBody.Add(new NumBody() { num = item.Key,matchNum=point.matchNum,matchSum=point.matchSum, matchRate=point.matchRate, point = point.point, bodyCollectionPoint = point.bodyCollectionPoint });
21 }
22 }
23
24 SearchNumbersByMatchNum(ref ListBody);
25 var myList = from body in ListBody orderby body.point.X ascending select body;
26 string number = "0";
27 foreach (var item in myList)
28 {
29 number += item.num;
30 }
31 int num = Int32.Parse(number);
32 return num;
33 }
34 /// <summary>
35 /// 搜索同一个数字的时候，出现重叠的地方，用匹配度去过滤掉匹配度低的
36 /// 比如同样是1，在控制匹配度允许下，一个（83,95）和（84,95）这两个点明显是同一个数字
37 /// 此时谁的匹配度低过滤掉谁
38 /// </summary>
39 /// <param name="ListBody"></param>
40 void SearchNumbersByMatchNum(ref List<NumBody> ListBody)
41 {
42 bool isValid = true;
43 for (int i = 0; i < ListBody.Count; i++)
44 {
45 var body = ListBody[i];
46
47 for (int j = i; j < ListBody.Count; j++)
48 {
49
50 var bodyX = ListBody[j];
51 if (!bodyX.Equals(body))
52 {
53 int sameNum = 0;
54 foreach (var item in body.bodyCollectionPoint)
55 {
56 if (bodyX.bodyCollectionPoint.Contains(item))
57 {
58 sameNum++;
59 }
60 }
61 if (sameNum >= 1)//有1个以上点重合，表面图像重叠，删除像素点数少的图像
62 {
63 isValid = false;
64
65 //如果某个数字100%匹配，那就不用比较了，这个数字肯定是对的
66 double maxRate = 1;
67 if (bodyX.matchRate >= maxRate)
68 {
69 ListBody.Remove(body);
70 }
71 else if (body.matchRate>=maxRate)
72 {
73 ListBody.Remove(bodyX);
74 }
75 else
76 {
77 if (bodyX.matchNum >= body.matchNum)//图像包含的所有像素个数
78 {
79 ListBody.Remove(body);
80 }
81 else
82 {
83 ListBody.Remove(bodyX);
84 }
85 }
86 SearchNumbersByMatchNum(ref ListBody);
87 }
88 }
89 }
90 }
91 if (isValid)
92 {
93 return;
94 }
95 }
96
97 #endregion
其他方法：
1 bool ColorAEqualColorB(System.Drawing.Color colorA, System.Drawing.Color colorB, byte errorRange = 10)
2 {
3 return colorA.A <= colorB.A + errorRange && colorA.A >= colorB.A - errorRange &&
4 colorA.R <= colorB.R + errorRange && colorA.R >= colorB.R - errorRange &&
5 colorA.G <= colorB.G + errorRange && colorA.G >= colorB.G - errorRange &&
6 colorA.B <= colorB.B + errorRange && colorA.B >= colorB.B - errorRange;
7
8 }
9 bool ListContainsPoint(List<System.Drawing.Point> listPoint, System.Drawing.Point point, double errorRange = 10)
10 {
11 bool isExist = false;
12 foreach (var item in listPoint)
13 {
14 if (item.X <= point.X + errorRange && item.X >= point.X - errorRange && item.Y <= point.Y + errorRange && item.Y >= point.Y - errorRange)
15 {
16 isExist = true;
17 }
18 }
19 return isExist;
20 }
21 bool ListTextBodyContainsPoint(List<NumBody> listPoint, System.Drawing.Point point, double errorRange = 10)
22 {
23 bool isExist = false;
24 foreach (var item in listPoint)
25 {
26
27 if (item.point.X <= point.X + errorRange && item.point.X >= point.X - errorRange && item.point.Y <= point.Y + errorRange && item.point.Y >= point.Y - errorRange)
28 {
29 isExist = true;
30 }
31 }
32 return isExist;
33 }
结束语：以上代码本人实现了找颜色，找图片，找文字，找数字的所有功能，希望对朋友们能有所帮助。