Html导出Pdf

最近领导给了一个新的需求：给了我一个html页面，让我导出Pdf页面

由于以前没有搞过这方面的需求，所以查百度找资料，找了一大堆的好东西，像ItextSharp和wkhtmltopdf

废话不说，进入正题

ItextSharp对Html5的canvas和css，js等支持不是很好，只适用于简单的页面导出。故放弃

导出方法一：使用wkhtmltopdf

这个需要安装wkhtmltopdf： https://wkhtmltopdf.org/downloads.html 下面的变量就是wkhtmltopdf的安装目录

public ActionResult ExportSocialPDF(int testerid)
        {
            try
            {
                var tester = _testerBll.Details(testerid);
                string folder = string.Format("~/Temp/{0}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd"));
                if (!System.IO.Directory.Exists(Server.MapPath(folder)))
                {
                    System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(Server.MapPath(folder));
                }
                string fileName = string.Format("{0}-社会综合素质测试{1}", tester.name, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmss"));
                string pdfpath = fileName + ".pdf";
                ExportSocialPDFCore(tester, folder, pdfpath);
                string filePath = Server.MapPath(folder) + "/" + pdfpath;
                new System.Threading.Thread(DeleteOldFileFolder).Start();
                return File(filePath, "application/octet-stream", System.IO.Path.GetFileName(filePath));
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                log.Error(ex);
                return View(ex);
            }
        }

public void ExportSocialPDFCore(HqftTestPaper.Entity.t_testerEntity tester, string folder, string pdfpath)
        {
            string pdf = @"C:Program Fileswkhtmltopdfinwkhtmltopdf.exe";
            //string url = "http://localhost/TestManage/WordTemplate/index.html";
            string url = Url.Action("ExportPreview", "ExportPDF", new { testerid = tester.id });

            url = string.Format("http://{0}:{1}{2}",Request.Url.Host, Request.Url.Port, url);

            string add = url + " "" + Server.MapPath(folder + "/" + pdfpath) + """;
            Process p = System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(pdf, add);
            p.WaitForExit();
        }

public void DeleteOldFileFolder()
        {
            string strPath = Server.MapPath("~/Temp/");
            string[] fileNames = System.IO.Directory.GetDirectories(strPath);
            foreach (string fileName in fileNames)
            {
                string name = fileName.Substring(strPath.Length);
                if (string.Compare(DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd"), name) > 0)
                {
                    System.IO.Directory.Delete(fileName, true);
                }
            }
        }

注释：

1、t_testerEntity是个需要导出的测试者的类，大家可以自行脑补，只要一个id获取数据就可以了 

2、此方法是现在本地生成一个Pdf，然后把路径传到View让浏览器下载，所以需要一个删除旧文件的方法

3、根据cshtml下载的页面，必须能够无限制的访问，就是直接把路径贴在浏览器中可以直接访问。

如果为了系统安全性，加了访问限制的，需要新建一个不受限制的Controller

导出方法二：页面先截图，然后生成Pdf

这个用的是Winform的WebBrowser控件，有限制：你的IE和你的WebBrowser内核可能不是一个版本的。Css支持率极低。个人认为不好用

using iTextSharp.text;
using iTextSharp.text.pdf;
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace ExportPDF.Common
{
    public class HtmlToPdf
    {
        WebBrowser webBrowser;

        public void ConvertToImage(object url)
        {
            //string strUrl = "http://echarts.baidu.com/demo.html#pie-legend";
            webBrowser = new WebBrowser();
            //改变webBrowser内核版本
            WebBrowserOper.BrowserEmulationSet();
            webBrowser.AllowNavigation = true;
            webBrowser.Url = new Uri(url.ToString());
            webBrowser.ScrollBarsEnabled = true;
            DateTime dtime = DateTime.Now;
            double timespan = 0;
            while (timespan < 10 || webBrowser.ReadyState != WebBrowserReadyState.Complete)
            {
                Application.DoEvents();
                DateTime time2 = DateTime.Now;
                timespan = (time2 - dtime).TotalSeconds;
            }

            if (webBrowser.ReadyState == WebBrowserReadyState.Complete)
            {
                //htmlstr = webBrowser.DocumentText;
                webBrowser_DocumentCompleted();
            }
            //string html = "";
            
            //webBrowser.DocumentText = html;
        }

        /// <summary>  
        /// 在单线程中启用浏览器  
        /// </summary>  
        public void RunWithSingleThread()
        {
            string url = "http://localhost/Export/template/index.html";
            ParameterizedThreadStart ps = new ParameterizedThreadStart(ConvertToImage);
            Thread t = new Thread(ps);
            t.IsBackground = true;
            t.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
            t.Start(url);
        }

        private void webBrowser_DocumentCompleted()
        {
            //获取解析后HTML的大小
            System.Drawing.Rectangle rectangle = webBrowser.Document.Body.ScrollRectangle;
            int width = rectangle.Width;
            int height = rectangle.Height;

            //设置解析后HTML的可视区域
            webBrowser.Width = width;
            webBrowser.Height = height;

            Bitmap bitmap = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(width, height);
            webBrowser.DrawToBitmap(bitmap, new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, width, height));

            //设置图片文件保存路径和图片格式，格式可以自定义
            string filePath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "/SaveFile/" + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmssfff") + ".png";
            bitmap.Save(filePath, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png);

            //创建PDF
            FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "/SaveFile/" + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmssfff") + ".pdf", FileMode.Create);

            byte[] result = CreatePDF(bitmap, width, height);

            fileStream.Write(result, 0, result.Length);

            fileStream.Close();
            fileStream.Dispose();
        }

        private byte[] CreatePDF(Bitmap bitmap, int width, int height)
        {
            using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
            {
                Document doc = new Document(new iTextSharp.text.Rectangle(0, 0, width, height), 3, 3, 3, 3);    // 左右上下

                PdfWriter writer = PdfWriter.GetInstance(doc, ms);

                writer.CloseStream = false;

                doc.Open();

                iTextSharp.text.Image img = iTextSharp.text.Image.GetInstance(bitmap, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png);

                img.ScalePercent(100);      // 放缩比例

                doc.Add(img);       // 添加图片对像
                doc.Close();

                return ms.ToArray();
            }
        }
    }
}

using Microsoft.Win32;
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace ExportPDF.Common
{
    public static class WebBrowserOper
    {
        public static void WebBrowserVersionEmulation()
        {
            const string BROWSER_EMULATION_KEY = @"SOFTWAREWow6432NodeMicrosoftInternet ExplorerMAINFeatureControlFEATURE_BROWSER_EMULATION";
            //const string BROWSER_EMULATION_KEY = @"SoftwareMicrosoftInternet ExplorerMainFeatureControlFEATURE_BROWSER_EMULATION";
            
            // app.exe and app.vshost.exe
            RegistryKey browserEmulationKey = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(BROWSER_EMULATION_KEY,RegistryKeyPermissionCheck.ReadWriteSubTree) ?? Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(BROWSER_EMULATION_KEY);
            //RegistryKey browserEmulationKey = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(BROWSER_EMULATION_KEY,RegistryKeyPermissionCheck.ReadWriteSubTree) ?? Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(BROWSER_EMULATION_KEY);
            if (browserEmulationKey != null)
            {
                String appname = Process.GetCurrentProcess().ProcessName + ".exe";
                //Webpages are displayed in IE10 Standards mode, regardless of the !DOCTYPE directive.
                const int browserEmulationMode = 10000;

                if ((int)browserEmulationKey.GetValue(appname) != 1000)
                { 
                    browserEmulationKey.SetValue(appname, browserEmulationMode, RegistryValueKind.DWord);
                }
                browserEmulationKey.Close();
            }
        }



        /// <summary>
        /// IE WebBrowser内核设置
        /// </summary>
        public static void BrowserEmulationSet()
        {
            //当前程序名称
            var exeName = Process.GetCurrentProcess().ProcessName + ".exe";
            //系统注册表信息
            var mreg = Registry.LocalMachine;
            //IE注册表信息
            var ie = mreg.OpenSubKey(@"SOFTWAREMicrosoftInternet ExplorerMAINFeatureControlFEATURE_BROWSER_EMULATION", RegistryKeyPermissionCheck.ReadWriteSubTree);
            if (ie != null)
            {
                try
                {
                    var val = ieVersionEmulation(ieVersion());
                    if (val != 0)
                    {
                        ie.SetValue(exeName, val);
                    }
                    mreg.Close();
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Console.Write(ex.Message);
                }
            }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// IE版本号
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        static int ieVersion()
        {
            //IE版本号
            RegistryKey mreg = Registry.LocalMachine;
            mreg = mreg.CreateSubKey("SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Internet Explorer");
 
            //更新版本
            var svcVersion = mreg.GetValue("svcVersion");
            if (svcVersion != null)
            {
                mreg.Close();
                var v = svcVersion.ToString().Split('.')[0];
                return int.Parse(v);
            }
            else
            {
                //默认版本
                var ieVersion = mreg.GetValue("Version");
                mreg.Close();
                if (ieVersion != null)
                {
                    var v = ieVersion.ToString().Split('.')[0];
                    return int.Parse(v);
                }
            }
            return 0;
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据IE版本号 返回Emulation值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ieVersion"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        static int ieVersionEmulation(int ieVersion)
        {
            //IE7 7000 (0x1B58)
            if (ieVersion < 8)
            {
                return 0;
            }
            if (ieVersion == 8)
            {
                return 0x1F40;//8000 (0x1F40)、8888 (0x22B8)
            }
            if (ieVersion == 9)
            {
                return 0x2328;//9000 (0x2328)、9999 (0x270F)
            }
            else if (ieVersion == 10)
            {
                return 0x02710;//10000 (0x02710)、10001 (0x2711)
            }
            else if (ieVersion == 11)
            {
                return 0x2AF8;//11000 (0x2AF8)、11001 (0x2AF9
            }
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

另外还有一个导出Html的

using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;

namespace ExportPDF.Common
{
    public class ExportHtml
    {
        public void TemplateExport()
        { 
            string templatePath = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/Template/") + "index.html";
            string template = "";
            using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(templatePath))
            {
                template=sr.ReadToEnd();
            }
            //新的内容
            StringBuilder context = new StringBuilder();
            /*
            foreach (Student stu in stulist)
            {
                context.Append("<tr>");
                context.Append("<td>" + stu.XueHao + "</td><td>" + stu.XingMing + "</td>");
                context.Append("</tr>");
            }
            string newContext = template.Replace("$student$", context.ToString());
            */
            //把newContext写入报表中
            string path = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/SaveFile/") + "report.html";
            using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(path, false))
            {
                sw.WriteLine(template);
            }
        }
    }
}

言尽于此