quartz搭建与应用

1.添加依赖

依赖包括Quartz和logback

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
       <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
       <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
       <version>2.2.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
       <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
       <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
       <version>1.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2.简单搭建

引入jar包

在quartz.properties中配置quartz

org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = MyScheduler
#个数随实际情况而定
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 3
org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore

logback.xml，日志框架logback的配置

<configuration>

    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <!-- encoders are assigned the type ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder 
            by default -->
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
            </pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <appender name="FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.FileAppender">
        <file>D:/logs/quartz_task_application.log</file>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
            </pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <root level="debug">
        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
        <appender-ref ref="FILE" />
    </root>

</configuration>

HelloJob.java，具体要执行任务

package No01;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class HelloJob implements Job {
    
    Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException {
        // 此任务仅打印日志便于调试、观察
        this.logger.debug(this.getClass().getName() + " trigger...");
    }

}

定义执行任务的时间和任务内容

package No01;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.quartz.JobBuilder;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;


public class Bootstrap {
    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Bootstrap.class);
    public static void main(String[] args) {
      try {
         // 获取Scheduler实例
        Scheduler scheduler = StdSchedulerFactory.getDefaultScheduler();
        scheduler.start();

        // 具体任务
        JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(HelloJob.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1").build();

       // 触发时间点
       SimpleScheduleBuilder simpleScheduleBuilder = SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(5).repeatForever();
       Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger1", "group1").startNow().withSchedule(simpleScheduleBuilder).build();
　　　　// 交由Scheduler安排触发
       scheduler.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
            
 /* 为观察程序运行，此设置主程序睡眠3分钟才继续往下运行（因下一个步骤是“关闭Scheduler”） */
      try {
           TimeUnit.MINUTES.sleep(3);
          } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
        }
　　　　// 关闭Scheduler
       scheduler.shutdown();

      } catch (SchedulerException se) {
          logger.error(se.getMessage(), se);
      }
    }

}

3.在web应用中使用quartz

　

Quartz常在Web中应用，常见的是交由Spring托管的形式。这里介绍Quartz在Web应用中单独使用。

一般Web应用启动时，应注册已经确定的定时任务；一些动态的、未确定触发时间的定时任务，后续可通过静态的Scheduler注册。

使用监听器在应用启动时注册，并在web.xml注册这个监听器；在关闭Web应用时，要注销定时任务。

其他配置文件、Java类与上例子相同，只是把这里注册定时任务的地方换成此监听器。

package No02;

import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;

import org.quartz.JobBuilder;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import No01.HelloJob;

/**
 * Application Lifecycle Listener implementation class AListener
 *
 */
public class ApplicationContextListener implements ServletContextListener {
    
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
    
    public static Scheduler scheduler = null;

    @Override
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
        this.logger.info("The application start...");
        
        /* 注册定时任务 */
        try {
            // 获取Scheduler实例
            scheduler = StdSchedulerFactory.getDefaultScheduler();
            scheduler.start();

            // 具体任务
            JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(HelloJob.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1").build();

            // 触发时间点
            SimpleScheduleBuilder simpleScheduleBuilder = SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(5).repeatForever();
            Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger1", "group1").startNow().withSchedule(simpleScheduleBuilder).build();

            // 交由Scheduler安排触发
            scheduler.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
            
            this.logger.info("The scheduler register...");
        } catch (SchedulerException se) {
            logger.error(se.getMessage(), se);
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
        this.logger.info("The application stop...");
        
        /* 注销定时任务 */
        try {
            // 关闭Scheduler
            scheduler.shutdown();
            
            this.logger.info("The scheduler shutdown...");
        } catch (SchedulerException se) {
            logger.error(se.getMessage(), se);
        }
    }

}

<listener>
 　　<listener-class>No02.ApplicationContextListener</listener-class>
</listener>

 在eclipse调试中，可能发现无法看到contextDestroy方法的执行，请注意使用stop的方式关闭应用，而不是terminate

 图一

图二

4常用的Cron Schedule

 相对于其他方式定义定时任务的触发时间，我们较常用Cron Schedule。

// 具体任务
JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(HelloJob.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1").build();

// 触发时间点
CronScheduleBuilder cronScheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0 * * * * ? *");
Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
        .withSchedule(cronScheduleBuilder).build();

// 交由Scheduler安排触发
scheduler.scheduleJob(job, trigger);

 本文参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/nick-huang/p/4848843.html