微信测试号开发之四 获取access_token和jsapi_ticket

原文：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37936542/article/details/78549233

access_token:公众号的全局唯一接口调用凭据，公众号调用各接口时都需使用access_token。开发者需要进行妥善保存。access_token的存储至少要保留512个字符空间。access_token的有效期目前为2个小时，需定时刷新，重复获取将导致上次获取的access_token失效。

jsapi_ticket:jsapi_ticket是公众号用于调用微信JS接口的临时票据。正常情况下，jsapi_ticket的有效期为7200秒，通过access_token来获取。由于获取jsapi_ticket的api调用次数非常有限，频繁刷新jsapi_ticket会导致api调用受限，影响自身业务，开发者必须在自己的服务全局缓存jsapi_ticket 。

由于上述两个标识获取都有限制，而且有效期是两个小时，所以开发时设置为每一小时获取一次

（一）：导入httpclient依赖和jackson依赖

<!-- httpclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient-cache</artifactId>
<version>4.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
<version>4.1.2</version>
</dependency>


<!-- jack json -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.7.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.7.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.7.3</version>
</dependency>

（二）：封装httpclient处理get和post请求

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;


import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;


import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
public class CommonUtils {

private static HttpClient CLIENT = new DefaultHttpClient();

private static ObjectMapper MAPPER = new ObjectMapper();

public static String APPID ="wx273a3bf59a7d2fee";

public static String SECRET="0ca672094780b3ecf9cedcf35891b129";

/**
* 根据url获取返回对象
* @param <T>
* @param url
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static <T> T returnMsg(String url,Class<T> clazz) throws Exception{
HttpPost msgPost = new HttpPost(url);
String str = EntityUtils.toString(CLIENT.execute(msgPost).getEntity(),"UTF-8");
return MAPPER.readValue(str, clazz);
}


/**
* httpclient模拟get请求
*/
public static String Get(String url) throws Exception{
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
String str = EntityUtils.toString(CLIENT.execute(httpGet).getEntity(),"UTF-8");
return str;
}

/**
* http模拟post请求，请求参数是json数据
* @param url
* @param param
* @return
* @throws IOException
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String Post_Json(String url, String param) throws Exception{
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
//防止参数乱码
        httpPost.addHeader("Content-type","application/json; charset=utf-8");
        httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(param, "UTF-8"));
        //执行请求
        HttpResponse execute = CLIENT.execute(httpPost);
        String resp = EntityUtils.toString(execute.getEntity());
        return resp;

}

/**
* httpclient模拟表单提交
* @param url
* @param param
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String Post_From(String url, List<NameValuePair> list) throws Exception{
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
//防止参数乱码
        httpPost.addHeader("Content-type","application/json; charset=utf-8");
        UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list, "UTF-8");
        httpPost.setEntity(entity);
        //执行请求
        HttpResponse execute = CLIENT.execute(httpPost);
        String resp = EntityUtils.toString(execute.getEntity());
        return resp;
}


}

（三）：获取access_token和jsapi_ticket

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;


import com.mote.weixin.utils.CommonUtils;


/**
 * 定时刷新access_token--微信全局凭证
 * 定时刷新jsapi_ticket--调用微信js接口的临时票据
 * @author lenovo
 *
 */
@Service("tokenService")
public class TokenService {

private String access_token;
private String jsapi_ticket;

public String getAccess_token() {
return access_token;
}


public void setAccess_token(String access_token) {
this.access_token = access_token;
}


public String getJsapi_ticket() {
return jsapi_ticket;
}


public void setJsapi_ticket(String jsapi_ticket) {
this.jsapi_ticket = jsapi_ticket;
}


/**
* 将该方法配置成定时任务，程序启动后五秒自动调用，
* 之后每隔一小时刷新一次
*/
public void flush(){

System.out.println("===================我被调用了=================");

try {
//获取access_token
String accessToken = CommonUtils.getAccessToken();
this.access_token = accessToken;

//获取jsapi_ticket
String jsApiTicket = CommonUtils.getJsApiTicket(accessToken);
this.jsapi_ticket = jsApiTicket;


} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("刷新access_token失败");
e.printStackTrace();
}

}

}

（四）：定义AccessToken对象，然后在CommonUtils中添加获取access_token和jsapi_ticket的方法

public class AccessToken {
    // 接口访问凭证
    private String accessToken;
    // 凭证有效期，单位：秒
    private int expiresIn;

    public String getAccessToken() {
        return accessToken;
    }

    public void setAccessToken(String accessToken) {
        this.accessToken = accessToken;
    }

    public int getExpiresIn() {
        return expiresIn;
    }

    public void setExpiresIn(int expiresIn) {
        this.expiresIn = expiresIn;
    }
}

/**
* 获取access_token
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String getAccessToken() throws Exception{
String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid="+APPID+"&secret="+SECRET+"";
AccessToken token = returnMsg(url, AccessToken.class);
return token.getAccessToken();
}

/**
     * 获取调用微信JS接口的临时票据
     *
     * @param access_token 微信全局凭证
     * @return
* @throws IOException
* @throws Exception
     */
    public static String getJsApiTicket(String access_token) throws Exception{
        String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token="+access_token+"&type=jsapi";
        // 发起GET请求获取凭证
        String resq = Get(url);
        JsonNode tree = MAPPER.readTree(resq);
        return tree.get("ticket").toString().replaceAll(""", "");
    }

（五）：配置TokenService中的flush方法，使其生效

注意：引入xml约束

xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.0.xsd">

配置如下：

<!-- 如果TokeService添加了注解，bean可以省略 -->
<bean id="tokenService" class="com.mote.wx.service.TokenService">
</bean>
<!-- spring自带的定时刷新任务 -->
<task:scheduled-tasks>
   <!-- 程序启动5秒后执行方法，之后每隔一小时执行 -->
<task:scheduled ref="tokenService" method="flush" initial-delay="5000" fixed-delay="3600000" />
<!-- <task:scheduled ref="statJob" method="statLgj" cron="0 59 23 * * ?" /> -->
</task:scheduled-tasks>

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原文作者：祈澈姑娘
原文链接：https://www.jianshu.com/u/05f416aefbe1
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