From Lin.Wang
目录
Section One : Introduction
strocli是megacli的升级版本，针对于戴尔服务器是perccli，用法完全一致
smartctl可以查看磁盘的主控芯片smart信息
lsscsi可以查看系统的scsi信息，数据来源/proc/scsi/scsi相关，该文档此处暂不介绍
这些工具都是查看磁盘相关信息的常用工具，对于排查磁盘状态和raid卡问题都有帮助
Section Two : Install package
安装一下storcli或者perccli，并且将命令软连接到/usr/bin/目录下，方便使用命令：
ln -s /opt/MegaRAID/storcli/storcli64 /usr/bin/
ln -s /opt/MegaRAID/perccli/percclie64 /usr/bin/
Section Three : Step
由系统磁盘盘符/dev/sdf定位对应的硬盘盘位思路如下：
perccli64 /c0/eall/sall show 看到该磁盘有
img-/c0/eall/sall 从该图看到有四个jbod分区，根据经验一般人为jbod的分区系统盘符会在raid分区之前，也就是说jbod的分区会从/dev/sda > /dev/sdd，raid的分区从/dev/sde开始；
DG代表drive group，是配置raid建分组的顺序，有图上看到32:4和32:5是一个卷组。
perccli64 /c0/vall show看到该磁盘的DG与VD的对应关系如下
img-/c0/vall 由图上看到DG/VD就是raid的卷组和系统里卷组的顺序对应关系，一般如果服务器只有raid卷组来说的话，VD0就是操作系统里的/dev/sda，以此类推；但是如果服务器包括了jbod卷组，则raid的卷组从jbod后开始排序，本例中也就是VD0＝/dev/sde，则要定位/dev/sdf的话VD＝１，对应DG＝１；
回到img-/c0/eall/sall上，DG为1时，DID=6，DID就是device id，这个概念后边有用；同时Slot NO.也就是slt = 6对应的服务器上盘位就是第７个（从0开始到6），此时即定位到了/dev/sdf的物理盘位。
反之从服务器上看到硬盘故障灯，可以反推对应的系统分区盘符
Note:
如果服务器没有jbod卷组，全是raid的，则此时/c0/vall找到对应关系即可定位关联关系
实际操作时还可以通过 perccli64 /c0/e32/s6 start/stop locate点亮关闭磁盘灯，来判断定位是否正确
Section Four : storcli/perccli Usage
查看控制器的信息
**perccli64 show ctrlcount 查看有几个控制器即几个raid卡 **
perccli64 show 显示raid卡信息
[root@node-15 ~]# perccli64 show
Status Code = 0
Status = Success
Description = None
Number of Controllers = 1
Host Name = node-15.domain.tld
Operating System = Linux3.10.0-327.20.1.es2.el7.x86_64
System Overview :
===============
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ctl Model Ports PDs DGs DNOpt VDs VNOpt BBU sPR DS EHS ASOs Hlth
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 PERCH730Mini 8 16 11 0 11 0 Opt On 3 N 0 Opt
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ctl=Controller Index|DGs=Drive groups|VDs=Virtual drives|Fld=Failed
PDs=Physical drives|DNOpt=DG NotOptimal|VNOpt=VD NotOptimal|Opt=Optimal
Msng=Missing|Dgd=Degraded|NdAtn=Need Attention|Unkwn=Unknown
sPR=Scheduled Patrol Read|DS=DimmerSwitch|EHS=Emergency Hot Spare
Y=Yes|N=No|ASOs=Advanced Software Options|BBU=Battery backup unit
Hlth=Health|Safe=Safe-mode boot
可以看到只有一个raid卡，ctrl 0也是就是/c0
storcli64 /c0 show
[root@node-15 ~]# perccli64 /c0 show
Generating detailed summary of the adapter, it may take a while to complete.
Controller = 0
Status = Success
Description = None
Product Name = PERC H730 Mini
Serial Number = 663021Z
SAS Address = 51866da066153000
PCI Address = 00:03:00:00
System Time = 01/10/2019 20:48:38
Mfg. Date = 06/17/16
Controller Time = 01/10/2019 12:44:21
FW Package Build = 25.4.0.0017
BIOS Version = 6.29.00.0_4.16.07.00_0x06120100
FW Version = 4.260.00-6259
Driver Name = megaraid_sas
Driver Version = 06.807.10.00-rh1
Current Personality = RAID-Mode
Vendor Id = 0x1000
Device Id = 0x5D
SubVendor Id = 0x1028
SubDevice Id = 0x1F49
Host Interface = PCI-E
Device Interface = SAS-12G
Bus Number = 3
Device Number = 0
Function Number = 0
Drive Groups = 11
TOPOLOGY :
========
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DG Arr Row EID:Slot DID Type State BT Size PDC PI SED DS3 FSpace TR
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 - - - - RAID1 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
0 0 - - - RAID1 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
0 0 0 32:4 4 DRIVE Onln N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt - N
0 0 1 32:5 5 DRIVE Onln N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt - N
1 - - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
1 0 - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
1 0 0 32:6 6 DRIVE Onln N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt - N
2 - - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
2 0 - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
2 0 0 32:7 7 DRIVE Onln N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt - N
3 - - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
3 0 - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
3 0 0 32:8 8 DRIVE Onln N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt - N
4 - - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
4 0 - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
4 0 0 32:9 9 DRIVE Onln N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt - N
5 - - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
5 0 - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
5 0 0 32:10 10 DRIVE Onln N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt - N
6 - - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
6 0 - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
6 0 0 32:11 11 DRIVE Onln N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt - N
7 - - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
7 0 - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
7 0 0 32:12 12 DRIVE Onln N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt - N
8 - - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
8 0 - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
8 0 0 32:13 13 DRIVE Onln N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt - N
9 - - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
9 0 - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
9 0 0 32:14 14 DRIVE Onln N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt - N
10 - - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
10 0 - - - RAID0 Optl N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt N N
10 0 0 32:15 15 DRIVE Onln N 931.0 GB dflt N N dflt - N
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DG=Disk Group Index|Arr=Array Index|Row=Row Index|EID=Enclosure Device ID
DID=Device ID|Type=Drive Type|Onln=Online|Rbld=Rebuild|Dgrd=Degraded
Pdgd=Partially degraded|Offln=Offline|BT=Background Task Active
PDC=PD Cache|PI=Protection Info|SED=Self Encrypting Drive|Frgn=Foreign
DS3=Dimmer Switch 3|dflt=Default|Msng=Missing|FSpace=Free Space Present
TR=Transport Ready
Virtual Drives = 11
VD LIST :
=======
-------------------------------------------------------------
DG/VD TYPE State Access Consist Cache Cac sCC Size Name
-------------------------------------------------------------
0/0 RAID1 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
1/1 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
2/2 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
3/3 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
4/4 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
5/5 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
6/6 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
7/7 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
8/8 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
9/9 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
10/10 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
-------------------------------------------------------------
Cac=CacheCade|Rec=Recovery|OfLn=OffLine|Pdgd=Partially Degraded|Dgrd=Degraded
Optl=Optimal|RO=Read Only|RW=Read Write|HD=Hidden|TRANS=TransportReady|B=Blocked|
Consist=Consistent|R=Read Ahead Always|NR=No Read Ahead|WB=WriteBack|
FWB=Force WriteBack|WT=WriteThrough|C=Cached IO|D=Direct IO|sCC=Scheduled
Check Consistency
Physical Drives = 16
PD LIST :
=======
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
EID:Slt DID State DG Size Intf Med SED PI SeSz Model Sp
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
32:0 0 JBOD - 185.75 GB SATA SSD N N 512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:1 1 JBOD - 185.75 GB SATA SSD N N 512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:2 2 JBOD - 185.75 GB SATA SSD N N 512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:3 3 JBOD - 185.75 GB SATA SSD N N 512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:4 4 Onln 0 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:5 5 Onln 0 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:6 6 Onln 1 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:7 7 Onln 2 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:8 8 Onln 3 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:9 9 Onln 4 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:10 10 Onln 5 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:11 11 Onln 6 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:12 12 Onln 7 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:13 13 Onln 8 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:14 14 Onln 9 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:15 15 Onln 10 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
EID-Enclosure Device ID|Slt-Slot No.|DID-Device ID|DG-DriveGroup
DHS-Dedicated Hot Spare|UGood-Unconfigured Good|GHS-Global Hotspare
UBad-Unconfigured Bad|Onln-Online|Offln-Offline|Intf-Interface
Med-Media Type|SED-Self Encryptive Drive|PI-Protection Info
SeSz-Sector Size|Sp-Spun|U-Up|D-Down/PowerSave|T-Transition|F-Foreign
UGUnsp-Unsupported|UGShld-UnConfigured shielded|HSPShld-Hotspare shielded
CFShld-Configured shielded|Cpybck-CopyBack|CBShld-Copyback Shielded
BBU_Info :
========
----------------------------------------------
Model State RetentionTime Temp Mode MfgDate
----------------------------------------------
BBU Optimal 0 hour(s) 38C - 0/00/00
----------------------------------------------
看磁盘的Device id、Slot No. 以及DriveGroup
[root@node-15 ~]# perccli64 /c0/eall/sall show
Controller = 0
Status = Success
Description = Show Drive Information Succeeded.
Drive Information :
=================
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
EID:Slt DID State DG Size Intf Med SED PI SeSz Model Sp
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
32:0 0 JBOD - 185.75 GB SATA SSD N N 512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:1 1 JBOD - 185.75 GB SATA SSD N N 512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:2 2 JBOD - 185.75 GB SATA SSD N N 512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:3 3 JBOD - 185.75 GB SATA SSD N N 512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:4 4 Onln 0 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:5 5 Onln 0 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:6 6 Onln 1 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:7 7 Onln 2 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:8 8 Onln 3 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:9 9 Onln 4 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:10 10 Onln 5 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:11 11 Onln 6 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:12 12 Onln 7 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:13 13 Onln 8 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:14 14 Onln 9 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
32:15 15 Onln 10 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
EID-Enclosure Device ID|Slt-Slot No.|DID-Device ID|DG-DriveGroup
DHS-Dedicated Hot Spare|UGood-Unconfigured Good|GHS-Global Hotspare
UBad-Unconfigured Bad|Onln-Online|Offln-Offline|Intf-Interface
Med-Media Type|SED-Self Encryptive Drive|PI-Protection Info
SeSz-Sector Size|Sp-Spun|U-Up|D-Down/PowerSave|T-Transition|F-Foreign
UGUnsp-Unsupported|UGShld-UnConfigured shielded|HSPShld-Hotspare shielded
CFShld-Configured shielded|Cpybck-CopyBack|CBShld-Copyback Shielded
Note:
根据经验，在centos系统里的默认udev规则下,jbod的分区在raid的分区之前(如果在线修改的,重启后会变成jbod在前),通过lsscsi命令可以发现在同一个raid控制器下,jbod的分区的channel值小于raid分区的值,类似下图, 第一个字段的第二个值0是jbod和2是raid的区别.
[root@SZVPN-2 udev]# lsscsi [0:0:24:0] disk IBM-ESXS MBF2600RC SB2C /dev/sda [0:2:0:0] disk IBM ServeRAID M5110e 3.19 /dev/sdb [0:2:1:0] disk IBM ServeRAID M5110e 3.19 /dev/sdc并且jbod设备的分区在系统里被udev规则识别得到的scsi_level高于raid分区.
udevadm -ap /sys/class/block/sdx |grep scsi_level
我的测试值jbod的scsi_level是7而raid的scsi_level是6.
相应的udev规则是
/lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-storage.rulesscsci_level: ATTRS{scsi_level}=="[6-9]*"
查看指定硬盘的信息
[root@node-15 ~]# perccli64 /c0/e32/s6 show all
Controller = 0
Status = Success
Description = Show Drive Information Succeeded.
Drive /c0/e32/s6 :
================
-------------------------------------------------------------------
EID:Slt DID State DG Size Intf Med SED PI SeSz Model Sp
-------------------------------------------------------------------
32:6 6 Onln 1 931.0 GB SATA HDD N N 512B ST91000640NS U
-------------------------------------------------------------------
EID-Enclosure Device ID|Slt-Slot No.|DID-Device ID|DG-DriveGroup
DHS-Dedicated Hot Spare|UGood-Unconfigured Good|GHS-Global Hotspare
UBad-Unconfigured Bad|Onln-Online|Offln-Offline|Intf-Interface
Med-Media Type|SED-Self Encryptive Drive|PI-Protection Info
SeSz-Sector Size|Sp-Spun|U-Up|D-Down/PowerSave|T-Transition|F-Foreign
UGUnsp-Unsupported|UGShld-UnConfigured shielded|HSPShld-Hotspare shielded
CFShld-Configured shielded|Cpybck-CopyBack|CBShld-Copyback Shielded
Drive /c0/e32/s6 - Detailed Information :
=======================================
Drive /c0/e32/s6 State :
======================
Shield Counter = 0
Media Error Count = 46431 *** 很明显的问题发生了46431次介质错误 ***
Other Error Count = 0
Drive Temperature = 31C (87.80 F)
Predictive Failure Count = 126 *** 预测故障次数126次 ***
S.M.A.R.T alert flagged by drive = Yes
Drive /c0/e32/s6 Device attributes :
==================================
SN = 9XGA228L
Manufacturer Id = ATA
Model Number = ST91000640NS
NAND Vendor = NA
WWN = 5000c500918f2f8a
Firmware Revision = AA63
Raw size = 931.512 GB [0x74706db0 Sectors]
Coerced size = 931.0 GB [0x74600000 Sectors]
Non Coerced size = 931.012 GB [0x74606db0 Sectors]
Device Speed = 6.0Gb/s
Link Speed = 12.0Gb/s
NCQ setting = N/A
Write Cache = Enabled
Logical Sector Size = 512B
Physical Sector Size = 512B
Connector Name = 00
Drive /c0/e32/s6 Policies/Settings :
==================================
Drive position = DriveGroup:1, Span:0, Row:0
Enclosure position = 0
Connected Port Number = 0(path0)
Sequence Number = 2
Commissioned Spare = No
Emergency Spare = No
Last Predictive Failure Event Sequence Number = 95183 *** 上一次预测错误的序号95183 ***
Successful diagnostics completion on = N/A
SED Capable = No
SED Enabled = No
Secured = No
Cryptographic Erase Capable = No
Locked = No
Needs EKM Attention = No
PI Eligible = No
Certified = Yes
Wide Port Capable = No
Port Information :
================
-----------------------------------------
Port Status Linkspeed SAS address
-----------------------------------------
0 Active 12.0Gb/s 0x500056b33fefe586
-----------------------------------------
Inquiry Data =
5a 0c ff 3f 37 c8 10 00 00 00 00 00 3f 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
58 39 41 47 32 32 4c 38 00 00 00 00 04 00 20 20
20 20 41 41 33 36 54 53 31 39 30 30 36 30 30 34
53 4e 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 10 80
00 40 00 2f 00 40 00 02 00 02 07 00 ff 3f 10 00
3f 00 10 fc fb 00 10 00 ff ff ff 0f 00 00 07 00
Note:
通过单个卷组的信息查看，发现了media error，说明了硬盘是有问题的
查看磁盘与系统磁盘分区的对应
[root@node-15 ~]# perccli64 /c0/vall show
Controller = 0
Status = Success
Description = None
Virtual Drives :
==============
-------------------------------------------------------------
DG/VD TYPE State Access Consist Cache Cac sCC Size Name
-------------------------------------------------------------
0/0 RAID1 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
1/1 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
2/2 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
3/3 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
4/4 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
5/5 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
6/6 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
7/7 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
8/8 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
9/9 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
10/10 RAID0 Optl RW Yes RWBD - OFF 931.0 GB
-------------------------------------------------------------
Cac=CacheCade|Rec=Recovery|OfLn=OffLine|Pdgd=Partially Degraded|Dgrd=Degraded
Optl=Optimal|RO=Read Only|RW=Read Write|HD=Hidden|TRANS=TransportReady|B=Blocked|
Consist=Consistent|R=Read Ahead Always|NR=No Read Ahead|WB=WriteBack|
FWB=Force WriteBack|WT=WriteThrough|C=Cached IO|D=Direct IO|sCC=Scheduled
Check Consistency
Note:
VD：一般认为是该硬盘在系统里的设备顺序，一般如果只有raid分区，那么VD=0的就是系统里的/dev/sda，VD=1就是/dev/sdb以此类推，但是如果有jbod的分区，先排列jbod分区，如jbod的到了/dev/sdc，VD０则是/dev/sdd，以此类推；
DG：是在raid卡里配置卷组的顺序；
Raid卡日志收集相关命令
storcli64 /c0 show time 显示raid的时间
storcli64 /c0 show alilog logfile=node-x.alilog 获取alilog，所有的log都包括了
storcli64 /c0 show all logfile=node-x.all.log raid卡的信息
storcli64 /c0 show badblocks 磁盘坏道的信息
perccli64 /c0 show events filter=fatal 显示事件级别为fatal的，可以获取所有毁灭性事件的信息，发现磁盘故障或raid卡故障
perccli64 /c0 show cc 数据一致性检测，raid1以上的级别多个盘的数据是需要进行一致性检测的，但是单盘raid0可能是不需要的，是否影响性能不确定
Section Five : Smartctl Get Error info of Disks
Common Commands Usage Description
--scanScan for devices
--scan-openScan for devices and try to open each device
-x, --xallShow all information for device
-a, --allShow all SMART information for device
-i, --infoShow identity information for device
-d TYPE, --device=TYPESpecify device type to one of: ata, scsi, nvme[,NSID], sat[,auto][,N][+TYPE], usbcypress[,X], usbjmicron[,p][,x][,N], usbprolific, usbsunplus, marvell, areca,N/E, 3ware,N, hpt,L/M/N, megaraid,N, aacraid,H,L,ID, cciss,N, auto, test
-s VALUE, --smart=VALUEEnable/disable SMART on device (on/off)
-o VALUE, --offlineauto=VALUE(ATA)Enable/disable automatic offline testing on device (on/off)
-S VALUE, --saveauto=VALUE(ATA)Enable/disable Attribute autosave on device (on/off)
-H, --healthShow device SMART health status
-c, --capabilities(ATA,NVMe)Show device SMART capabilities
-A, --attributesShow device SMART vendor-specific Attributes and values
-l TYPE, --log=TYPEShow device log. TYPE: error, selftest, selective, directory[,g|s],
xerror[,N][,error], xselftest[,N][,selftest],
background, sasphy[,reset], sataphy[,reset],
scttemp[sts,hist], scttempint,N[,p],
scterc[,N,M], devstat[,N], ssd,
gplog,N[,RANGE], smartlog,N[,RANGE],
nvmelog,N,SIZE
-t TEST, --test=TESTRun test. TEST: offline, short, long, conveyance, force, vendor,N,
select,M-N, pending,N, afterselect,[on|off]
-X, --abortAbort any non-captive test on device
Get info for /dev/sdf
查看所有设备列表
[root@node-15 ~]# smartctl --scan
/dev/sda -d scsi # /dev/sda, SCSI device
/dev/sdb -d scsi # /dev/sdb, SCSI device
/dev/sdc -d scsi # /dev/sdc, SCSI device
/dev/sdd -d scsi # /dev/sdd, SCSI device
/dev/sde -d scsi # /dev/sde, SCSI device
/dev/sdf -d scsi # /dev/sdf, SCSI device
/dev/sdg -d scsi # /dev/sdg, SCSI device
/dev/sdh -d scsi # /dev/sdh, SCSI device
/dev/sdi -d scsi # /dev/sdi, SCSI device
/dev/sdj -d scsi # /dev/sdj, SCSI device
/dev/sdk -d scsi # /dev/sdk, SCSI device
/dev/sdl -d scsi # /dev/sdl, SCSI device
/dev/sdm -d scsi # /dev/sdm, SCSI device
/dev/sdn -d scsi # /dev/sdn, SCSI device
/dev/sdo -d scsi # /dev/sdo, SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,0 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_00], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,1 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_01], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,2 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_02], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,3 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_03], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,4 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_04], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,5 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_05], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,6 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_06], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,7 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_07], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,8 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_08], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,9 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_09], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,10 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_10], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,11 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_11], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,12 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_12], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,13 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_13], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,14 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_14], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,15 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_15], SCSI device
Note:
通过前面的章节我们定位到了磁盘/dev/sdf在perccli里的DID即device_id为6，也就是/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,6
查看磁盘信息
[root@node-15 ~]# smartctl -i -d megaraid,6 /dev/sdf
smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-327.20.1.es2.el7.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Constellation.2 (SATA)
Device Model: ST91000640NS
Serial Number: 9XGA228L
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 0918f2f8a
Add. Product Id: DELL(tm)
Firmware Version: AA63
User Capacity: 1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Fri Jan 11 11:28:46 2019 CST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
查看磁盘的属性信息
一般此处可以用来查看磁盘的整体健康状态指标参数
针对以下输出信息，字段的解释
- ID：属性ID，通常是一个1到255之间的十进制或十六进制的数字。
- ATTRIBUTE_NAME：硬盘制造商定义的属性名。
- FLAG：属性操作标志（可以忽略）。
- VALUE：这是表格中最重要的信息之一，代表给定属性的标准化值，在1到253之间。253意味着最好情况，1意味着最坏情况。取决于属性和制造商，初始化VALUE可以被设置成100或200.
- WORST：所记录的最小VALUE。
- THRESH：在报告硬盘FAILED状态前，WORST可以允许的最小值，也就是WORST如果小于THRESH,磁盘就会报告FAILED。
- TYPE：属性的类型（Pre-fail或Oldage）。Pre-fail类型的属性可被看成一个关键属性，表示参与磁盘的整体SMART健康评估（PASSED/FAILED）。如果任何Pre-fail类型的属性故障，那么可视为磁盘将要发生故障。另一方面，Oldage类型的属性可被看成一个非关键的属性（如正常的磁盘磨损），表示不会使磁盘本身发生故障。
- UPDATED：表示属性的更新频率。Offline代表磁盘上执行离线测试的时间。
- WHEN_FAILED：如果VALUE小于等于THRESH，会被设置成“FAILING_NOW”；如果WORST小于等于THRESH会被设置成“In_the_past”；如果都不是，会被设置成“-”。在“FAILING_NOW”情况下，需要尽快备份重要文件，特别是属性是Pre-fail类型时。“In_the_past”代表属性已经故障了，但在运行测试的时候没问题。“-”代表这个属性从没故障过。
- RAW_VALUE：制造商定义的原始值，从VALUE派生。
[root@node-15 ~]# smartctl -A -d megaraid,6 /dev/sdf
smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-327.20.1.es2.el7.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x010f 081 038 044 Pre-fail Always In_the_past 151546765
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0103 094 094 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 21
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0133 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 085 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 338813105
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 079 079 000 Old_age Always - 18784
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 21
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 1710
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 069 053 045 Old_age Always - 31 (Min/Max 24/40)
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 19
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 852
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 031 047 000 Old_age Always - 31 (0 14 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 117 099 000 Old_age Always - 151546765
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 084 084 000 Old_age Always - 688
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 084 084 000 Old_age Offline - 688
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 8093 (164 214 0)
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 1870535293
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 1530387871
查看磁盘的健康检测状态
Note:
关于以下检测结果，说明检测结果是PASSED的，就是磁盘还可以使用，但是列出了一条检测异常的WORST<THRESH，TYPE是Pre-fail，WHEN_FAILED是In_the_past，说明预测这个盘快坏了。
[root@node-15 ~]# smartctl -H -d megaraid,6 /dev/sdf
smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-327.20.1.es2.el7.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Status not supported: ATA return descriptor not supported by controller firmware
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
Warning: This result is based on an Attribute check.
Please note the following marginal Attributes:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x010f 081 038 044 Pre-fail Always In_the_past 151546765
查看磁盘的错误日志
[root@node-15 ~]# smartctl -l error -d megaraid,6 /dev/sdf
smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-327.20.1.es2.el7.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 46431 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 46431 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 18640 hours (776 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:32.968 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:29.901 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:26.825 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:23.965 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:20.905 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
Error 46430 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 18640 hours (776 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:29.901 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:26.825 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:23.965 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:20.905 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:18.093 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
Error 46429 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 18640 hours (776 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:26.825 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:23.965 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:20.905 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:18.093 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
b0 da 00 00 4f c2 00 00 46d+15:15:17.838 SMART RETURN STATUS
Error 46428 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 18640 hours (776 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:23.965 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:20.905 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:18.093 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
b0 da 00 00 4f c2 00 00 46d+15:15:17.838 SMART RETURN STATUS
2f 00 01 e0 00 00 40 00 46d+15:15:17.703 READ LOG EXT
Error 46427 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 18640 hours (776 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:20.905 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:18.093 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
b0 da 00 00 4f c2 00 00 46d+15:15:17.838 SMART RETURN STATUS
2f 00 01 e0 00 00 40 00 46d+15:15:17.703 READ LOG EXT
42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 46d+15:15:15.276 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
补充
- 如果没有开启磁盘的smart可以通过-s on device开启
- 一般来说如果samrtctl -i 获取info时没有什么信息输出且smart support是允许的可用的，那么说明可能需要做test才能获取到-t short/long，该测试不会破坏硬盘上的数据，但对于存储一般不适用离线offline测试
- 收集时可以通过-x -a参数获取更全面的磁盘信息
- smartctl是可以配置服务的/etc/smartmontools/smartd.conf，对此目前没有研究，后续有研究成果再更新