任务
目录
1. 异步任务
1. 在需要异步的方法上添加注解
package com.wang.service;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class AsyncService {
//告诉Spring这是异步的方法(多线程)
@Async
public void hello() {
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("数据正在处理......");
}
}
@Async
2. 在main方法上开启异步功能
package com.wang;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
@SpringBootApplication
//开启异步方法的注解
@EnableAsync
public class Springboot07TaskApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Springboot07TaskApplication.class, args);
}
}
@EnableAsync
效果: 跳转不会受到异步任务的影响
2. 邮件任务
1. 添加依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
2. 配置文件
spring:
mail:
username: 715180879@qq.com
password: XXXXXX
host: smtp.qq.com
#开启加密验证(QQ邮箱要求) mail.smtp.ssl.enable: true
properties:
mail:
smtp:
ssl:
enable: true
3. 邮件发送
在SpringBoot中, 邮件发送已经被封装成JavaMailSenderImpl
1. 简单的邮件发送
@SpringBootTest
class Springboot07TaskApplicationTests {
//在SpringBoot中JavaMailSenderImpl封装了邮件发送的方法, 自动装配即可使用
@Autowired
JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender;
@Test
void contextLoads() {
//一个简单的邮件 (只有文字)
SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();
//标题
simpleMailMessage.setSubject("Hello My QQ Mail!");
//正文
simpleMailMessage.setText("这里是正文!");
//设置收发地址
simpleMailMessage.setTo("715180879@qq.com");
simpleMailMessage.setFrom("715180879@qq.com");
//发送邮件
mailSender.send(simpleMailMessage);
}
}
2. 复杂邮件的发送
@SpringBootTest
class Springboot07TaskApplicationTests {
//在SpringBoot中JavaMailSenderImpl封装了邮件发送的方法, 自动装配即可使用
@Autowired
JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender;
@Test
void contextLoads2() throws MessagingException {
//一个复杂的邮件, 可以通过mailSender的createMimeMessage方法创建一个MimeMessage
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
//组装, 利用SpringBoot提供的 MimeMessageHelper, boolean可以设置是否支持多文件
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message,true);
helper.setSubject("Hello My QQ Mail! Again!");
//设置True支持Html标签
helper.setText("<p style='color:red'>这里是正文!</p>",true);
//附件, 使用绝对路径
helper.addAttachment("pic.jpg", new File("C:\Users\Wang\Pictures\Saved Pictures\pic.jpg"));
//设置收发地址
helper.setTo("715180879@qq.com");
helper.setFrom("715180879@qq.com");
mailSender.send(message);
}
}
3. 邮件发送功能的封装与测试
@SpringBootTest
class Springboot07TaskApplicationTests {
//在SpringBoot中JavaMailSenderImpl封装了邮件发送的方法, 自动装配即可使用
@Autowired
JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender;
/**
*
* @param html : whether enable use html in text
* @param multipart : whether enable send multiFiles
* @param Subject : title of the mail
* @param text : content of the mail
* @param fileName : name for the attachment files
* @param filePath : path for the attachment files, use abstract path
* @param to : send the mail to someone
* @param from : the mail from someone
* @author Wang Sky
*/
public void sendMail(Boolean html, Boolean multipart, String Subject, String text, String[] fileName,
String[] filePath, String to, String from) throws MessagingException {
//一个复杂的邮件, 可以通过mailSender的createMimeMessage方法创建一个MimeMessage
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
//组装, 利用SpringBoot提供的 MimeMessageHelper, boolean可以设置是否支持多文件
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message,multipart);
helper.setSubject(Subject);
//设置True支持Html标签
helper.setText(text, html);
//附件, 使用绝对路径
for (int i = 0; i < fileName.length; i++) {
helper.addAttachment(fileName[i], new File(filePath[i]));
}
//设置收发地址
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setFrom(from);
mailSender.send(message);
}
@Test
void contextLoads3() throws MessagingException {
String subject = "Hello My QQ Mail! Again!";
String text = "<p style='color:red'>这里是正文!</p>";
String fileName1 = "pic.jpg";
String filePath1 = "C:\Users\Wang\Pictures\Saved Pictures\pic.jpg";
String[] fileName = {fileName1};
String[] filePath = {filePath1};
String to = "715180879@qq.com";
String from = "715180879@qq.com";
sendMail(true, true, subject, text, fileName, filePath, to, from);
}
}
3. 定时任务
两个核心接口
- TaskScheduler 任务调度
- TaskExecutor 任务执行
核心注解
- @EnableScheduling 放在main方法上
- @Scheduled 表示什么时候执行, 在定时任务的方法上
利用cron表达式设定执行时间
package com.wang.service;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class ScheduleService {
//在一个特定的时间执行这个方法
//cron表达式 sec min hour day month week 每天的10:43:00执行一次
@Scheduled(cron = "0 43 10 * * ?")
public void hello() {
System.out.println("hello, 你被执行了!");
}
}