• lvs集群实现lvs-dr模型和lvs-nat模型


    ipvsadm

    ipvsadm命令是lvs集群在应用层的管理工具,我们可以通过此ipvsadm来管理lvs的配置,其实现了集群服务管理:增、删、改,集群服务的RS管理:增、删、改以及查看集群状态。

    管理集群服务:增、改、删;

    增(A)、改(E):
        ipvsadm -A|E -t|u|f service-address [-s scheduler] [-p [timeout]]
    删:
        ipvsadm -D -t|u|f service-address
    -t|u|f service-address:
        -t: TCP协议的端口,VIP:TCP_PORT,如 -t 172.16.10.6:80
        -u: UDP协议的端口,VIP:UDP_PORT
        -f:firewall MARK,是一个数字,通过iptables可以定义firewall MARK
    [-s scheduler]:指定集群的调度算法,默认为wlc

    管理集群上的RS:增、改、删;

    增(a)、改(e):
        ipvsadm -a|e -t|u|f service-address -r server-address [-g|i|m] [-w weight]
    删:
        ipvsadm -d -t|u|f service-address -r server-address
    -r server-address:rip[:port],指明RS的IP地址
    lvs类型:
        -g: gateway, dr类型
        -i: ipip, tun类型
        -m: masquerade, nat类型
    -w weight:权重

    查看集群的状态信息:

        ipvsadm -L|l [options]
    options:
        -c, --connection:显示当前的LVS连接
        --timeout:列出超时
        --daemon:
        --stats:状态信息
        --rate:传输速率
        --persistent-conn:坚持连接
        --sor:把列表排序。
        --nosort:不排序
        -n, --numeric:输出IP地址和端口的数字形式

    规则的保存和重载:

    保存和重载:
        ipvsadm -S = ipvsadm-save
        ipvsadm -R = ipvsadm-restore
    清空定义的所有内容:
        ipvsadm -C
    将所有数据相关的计数器清零:
        ipvsadm -Z [-t|u|f service-address]

    lvs-nat集群的实现

     简易流程图:

    配置RS1:

    [root@RS1 ~]# yum -y install httpd  #安装Apache
    [root@RS1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service  #关闭防火墙
    [root@RS1 ~]# ifconfig eno16777736 172.16.0.10/24 up  #配置网卡
    [root@RS1 ~]# route add default gw 172.16.0.254  #配置路由
    [root@RS1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf  #设置httpd
        Listen 8080
        ServerName localhost
    [root@RS1 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
        <h1> RS1 172.16.0.10 <h1>
    [root@RS1 ~]# systemctl start httpd  #启用httpd
    [root@RS1 ~]# ss -tan
        LISTEN      0      128              :::8080                         :::*  

    RS2的配置参考RS1。

    配置DR:

    [root@DR ~]# yum -y install ipvsadm  #安装ipvsadm工具
    [root@DR ~]# ifconfig eno16777736 10.0.0.1/24 up  #配置vip
    [root@DR ~]# ifconfig eno16777736:0 172.16.0.254/24 up  #配置dip
    [root@DR ~]# sysctl -a | grep ip_forward  #确保核心转发功能已开启
        net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
    [root@DR ~]# ipvsadm -A -t 10.0.0.1:80 -s rr  #配置lvs集群规则
    [root@DR ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 10.0.0.1:80 -r 172.16.0.10:8080 -m
    [root@DR ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 10.0.0.1:80 -r 172.16.0.11:8080 -m
    [root@DR ~]# ipvsadm -ln
    IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
    Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
      -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
    TCP  10.0.0.1:80 rr
      -> 172.16.0.10:8080             Masq    1      0          0         
      -> 172.16.0.11:8080             Masq    1      0          0

    客户端测试:

    # 调度算法使用rr,轮询方式,故调用RS时 比例为1:1
    [root@client ~]# for i in {1..20}; do curl http://10.0.0.1; done
    <h1> RS1 172.16.0.10 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 172.16.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS1 172.16.0.10 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 172.16.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS1 172.16.0.10 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 172.16.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS1 172.16.0.10 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 172.16.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS1 172.16.0.10 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 172.16.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS1 172.16.0.10 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 172.16.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS1 172.16.0.10 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 172.16.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS1 172.16.0.10 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 172.16.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS1 172.16.0.10 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 172.16.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS1 172.16.0.10 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 172.16.0.11 </h1>

     lvs-dr集群的实现

    简易流程图:

          

    配置RS1:

    [root@RS1 ~]# ifconfig eno16777736 10.0.0.11/24 up  #配置网卡
    [root@RS1 ~]# ifconfig lo:0 10.0.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast 10.0.0.1 up
    [root@RS1 ~]# route add -host 10.0.0.1 dev lo:0  #配置路由
    [root@RS1 ~]# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore  #设置arp响应
    [root@RS1 ~]# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
    [root@RS1 ~]# echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
    [root@RS1 ~]# echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
    [root@RS1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf  #设置httpd
        Listen 80
    [root@RS1 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
        <h1> RS1 10.0.0.11<h1>
    [root@RS1 ~]# systemctl start httpd  #启用httpd
    [root@RS1 ~]# ss -tan
        LISTEN      0      128              :::8080                         :::*

    RS2的配置参考RS1。

    配置DR:

    [root@DR ~]# ifconfig eno16777736 10.0.0.2/24 up  #配置dip
    [root@DR ~]# ifconfig eno16777736:0 10.0.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast 10.0.0.1 up  #配置vip
    [root@DR ~]# ipvsadm -A -t 10.0.0.1:80 -s wrr  #配置lvs集群规则
    [root@DR ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 10.0.0.1:80 -r 10.0.0.11 -g -w 1
    [root@DR ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 10.0.0.1:80 -r 10.0.0.12 -g -w 2
    [root@DR ~]# ipvsadm -ln
    IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
    Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
      -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
    TCP  10.0.0.1:80 wrr
      -> 10.0.0.11:80                 Route   1      0          0         
      -> 10.0.0.12:80                 Route   2      0          0  

    客户端测试:

    # 调度算法使用wrr,比重为1:2
    [root@client ~]# for i in {1..20}; do curl http://10.0.0.1; done
    <h1> RS1 10.0.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1>
    <h1> RS1 10.0.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1>
    <h1> RS1 10.0.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1>
    <h1> RS1 10.0.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.11 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1>
    <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1>

    RS1的配置脚本参考:

    #!/bin/bash
    #
    vip=10.0.0.1
    rip=10.0.0.11
    mask1=255.255.255.255
    mask2=255.255.255.0
    case $1 in
    start)
        echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
        echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
        echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
        echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
        ifconfig eno16777736 $rip netmask $mask2 up
        ifconfig lo:0 $vip netmask $mask1 broadcast $vip up
        route add -host $vip dev lo:0
        ;;
    stop)
        ifconfig lo:0 down
        echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
        echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
        echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
        echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
        ;;
    *) 
        echo "Usage $(basename $0) start|stop"
        exit 1
        ;;
    esac

    DR的配置脚本参考:

    #!/bin/bash
    #
    vip=10.0.0.1
    mask1=255.255.255.255
    dip=10.0.0.2
    mask2=255.255.255.0
    port=80
    rs1=10.0.0.11
    rs2=10.0.0.12
    scheduler='wrr'
    type='-g'
    case $1 in
    start)
        ifconfig eno16777736 $dip netmask $mask2 up
        ifconfig eno16777736:0 $vip netmask $mask1 broadcast $vip up
    
        ipvsadm -A -t ${vip}:${port} -s $scheduler
        ipvsadm -a -t ${vip}:${port} -r ${rs1} $type -w 1
        ipvsadm -a -t ${vip}:${port} -r ${rs2} $type -w 2
        ;;
    stop)
        ipvsadm -C
        ifconfig eno16777736:0 down
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage $(basename $0) start|stop"
        exit 1
        ;;
    esac

     附:使用 ldirectord 实现对各RS的健康状态做检查,失败时禁用,成功时启用。

    DR上安装 ldirectord:

    [root@DR ~]# lsb_release -r  #centos版本
    Release:    7.2.1511
    [root@DR ~]# yum localinstall ldirectord-3.9.6-0rc1.1.1.x86_64.rpm  #ldirectord版本
    [root@DR ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/ldirectord-3.9.6/ldirectord.cf /etc/ha.d/ldirectord.cf  #ldirectord默认没有配置文件,直接复制一份
    [root@DR ~]# vim /etc/ha.d/ldirectord
      checktimeout=3
      checkinterval=1
      fallback=127.0.0.1:80
      autoreload=yes
      quiescent=no
    
      virtual=10.0.0.1:80
            real=10.0.0.11:80 gate 1
            real=10.0.0.12:80 gate 2
            fallback=127.0.0.1:80 gate
            service=http  #指定服务
            request="index.html"  #指定健康监测的文件
            #receive="Test"  #指定健康监测响应的内容
            scheduler=wrr
            checktype=negotiate
            checkport=80
    [root@DR ~]# ipvsadm -C  #清除自己设定的集群
    [root@DR ~]# ldirectord start
    [root@DR ~]# ipvsadm -ln  #启用ldirectord会自行设定集群
      IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
      Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
        -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
      TCP  10.0.0.1:80 wrr
        -> 10.0.0.11:80                 Route   1      0          0         
        -> 10.0.0.12:80                 Route   2      0          0

    客户端测试:

    #客户端测试
    [root@client ~]# for i in {1..20}; do curl http://10.0.0.1; done
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS1 10.0.0.11 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS1 10.0.0.11 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS1 10.0.0.11 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS1 10.0.0.11 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS1 10.0.0.11 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS1 10.0.0.11 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS1 10.0.0.11 </h1> 
    #停止RS1的httpd服务
    [root@RS1 ~]# systemctl stop httpd.service
    #DR的状态
    [root@DR ~]# ipvsadm -ln
      IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
      Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
        -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
      TCP  10.0.0.1:80 wrr
        -> 10.0.0.12:80                 Route   2      0          0
    #客户端测试
    [root@client ~]# for i in {1..20}; do curl http://10.0.0.1; done
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
      <h1> RS2 10.0.0.12 </h1> 
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/walk1314/p/9359158.html
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