C#结构体

结构体：相当于是我们自己定义的一种复杂的类型。
int... double float bool char string DateTime 数组类型
生活中大部份的对象都是复合型的对象。

如何定义结构体类型？
一般来说结构体的定义要放在class的外面或class的里面，尽量不放在Main的里面。
struct 自定义类型名
{
public 变量类型 变量名;
......;
......;
......;

}
例如：
struct YuanGong //自定义的数据类型。用来描述员工的信息。
{
public string NO;
public string Name;
public int Age;
public string Nation;
public bool Sex;
}

如何用自定义的类型来定义变量？
自定义类型名 变量 = new 自定义类型名();

如何使用自定义类型的变量？
变量.子变量 = "xxxx";
Console.WriteLine(变量名.子变量);
例如：
//定义自定义类型的变量
YuanGong zhangsan = new YuanGong();
//给变量赋值
zhangsan.NO = "Y001";
zhangsan.Name = "张三";
zhangsan.Age = 22;
zhangsan.Sex = true;
zhangsan.Nation = "汉族";
//对变量取值
Console.WriteLine(zhangsan.NO+" "+zhangsan.Name+" "+zhangsan.Age);
Console.WriteLine(zhangsan.Nation+" "+(zhangsan.Sex?"男":"女"));

练习：

1.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    struct YuanGong  //自定义数据类型，用来描述员工的信息。
    {
        public string NO;
        public string Name;
        public int Age;
        public string Nation;
        public bool sex;
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //定义自定义类型的变量
            YuanGong zhangsan = new YuanGong();
            //给变量赋值
            zhangsan.NO = "Y001";
            zhangsan.Name = "张三";
            zhangsan.Age = 22;
            zhangsan.sex = true;
            zhangsan.Nation = "汉族";

            YuanGong lisi = new YuanGong();
            lisi.NO = "Y002";
            lisi.Name = "李四";
            lisi.Age = 25;
            lisi.sex = false;
            lisi.Nation = "回族";

            //给变量取值
            Console.WriteLine("********张三的个人信息********");
            Console.WriteLine(zhangsan.NO+"	"+zhangsan.Name+"	"+zhangsan.Nation);
            Console.WriteLine(zhangsan.Age+"	"+(zhangsan.sex?"男":"女"));
        }
    }
}

2.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    struct XueSheng
    {
        public int xuehao;
        public string xingming;
        public double yuwen;
        public double shuxue;
        public double waiyu;
        public double zongfen;
        public int mingci;
    }
    class Class1
    {

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            XueSheng[] a = new XueSheng[5];
            //输入
            for (int i = 0; i < a.Length;i++ )
            {
                Console.WriteLine("正在输入第"+(i+1)+"个学生的信息");
                a[i].xuehao = i + 1;
                Console.Write("姓名：");
                a[i].xingming = Console.ReadLine();
                Console.Write("语文：");
                a[i].yuwen = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());
                Console.Write("数文：");
                a[i].shuxue = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());
                Console.Write("外语：");
                a[i].waiyu = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());
                
                a[i].zongfen = a[i].yuwen + a[i].shuxue + a[i].waiyu;
                Console.WriteLine("总分："+a[i].zongfen);
            }
            //排序
            for (int i = 1; i <= a.Length - 1;i++ )
            {
                for (int j = 1; j <= a.Length - i; j++)
                {
                    if (a[j].zongfen > a[j - 1].zongfen)
                    {
                        XueSheng temp = a[j];
                        a[j] = a[j - 1];
                        a[j - 1] = temp;
                    }
                }
            }
            //写名次
            for(int i=0;i<a.Length;i++)
            {
                a[i].mingci = i + 1;
            }
            //输出
            for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(a[i].xuehao+"	"+a[i].xingming+"	"+a[i].yuwen+"	"+a[i].shuxue+"	"+a[i].waiyu+"	"+a[i].zongfen+"	"+a[i].mingci);
            }
        }

    }
}