【转载】xShell5 利用 sftp 在本地和服务器之间传输文件

sftp是Secure File TransferProtocol的缩写，安全文件传送协议。可以为传输文件提供一种安全的加密方法。sftp与 ftp有着几乎一样的语法和功能。SFTP为 SSH的一部分，是一种传输档案至Blogger伺服器的安全方式。其实在SSH软件包中，已经包含了一个叫作SFTP(Secure File Transfer Protocol)的安全文件传输子系统，SFTP本身没有单独的守护进程，它必须使用sshd守护进程（端口号默认是22）来完成相应的连接操作，所以从某种意义上来说，SFTP并不像一个服务器程序，而更像是一个客户端程序。SFTP同样是使用加密传输认证信息和传输的数据，所以，使用SFTP是非常安全的。但是，由于这种传输方式使用了加密/解密技术，所以传输效率比普通的FTP要低得多，如果您对网络安全性要求更高时，可以使用SFTP代替FTP。

一、连接方式

常用的方式有两种，一种直接采用sftp连接远端服务器IP

另一种则先登录远程服务器，在开启sftp功能

1、sftp [remotehost IP ]

通过sftp连接[host]，端口为默认的22，用户为Linux当前登录用户。

 Xshell 5 (Build 0806)

Copyright (c) 2002-2015 NetSarang Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.

Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.

[c:~]$ sftp192.168.56.101

Connecting to 192.168.56.101:22...

Connection established.

To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.

Your current local directory is

C:UsersFieldYangDocumentsNetSarangXshellSessions

Type `help' to browse available commnands.

sftp:/root>

2、sftp -oPort=[port][remotehost IP]

通过sftp连接远程服务器，指定端口[port]，用户为Linux当前登录用户。

3、sftp[user]@[remotehost IP]

通过sftp连接远程服务器，端口为默认的22，指定用户[user]。

Xshell 5 (Build 0806)

Copyright (c) 2002-2015 NetSarang Computer,Inc. All rights reserved.

Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.

[c:~]$ sftp fieldyang@192.168.56.101

Connecting to 192.168.56.101:22...

Connection established.

To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.

Your current local directory is

C:UsersFieldYangDocumentsNetSarangXshellSessions

Type `help' to browse available commnands.

sftp:/home/fieldyang>

4、sftp -oPort=[port][user]@[ remotehost IP]

通过sftp连接[remotehost IP]，端口为[port]，用户为[user]。

5、通过Xshell5与linux建立连接后，在图形用户面板上 窗口->传输新建文件，打开xftp的字符界面,如图，直接关闭即可打开一个sftp窗口

 

二、用法

1、基本用法

sftp:/root> help

bye    finish your SFTP session

      退出sftp

cd     change your remote workingdirectory

      更改远程服务器工作目录

clear  clear screen

      清屏

exit   finish your SFTP session

explore explore your local directory

      导入本地目录

get    download a file from theserver to your local machine

      从远程服务器上下载文件到本机

help   give help

      查找帮助

lcd    change and/or print localworking directory

      切换本地当前工作目录

lls    list contents of a localdirectory

      列出本地当前目录的内容

lpwd   print your local workingdirectory

      打印当前工作目录

ls     list contents of a remotedirectory

      列出远程服务器目录内容

mkdir  create a directory on theremote server

      在远程服务器上创建一个目录

mv     move or rename a file onthe remote server

      搬移或重命名一个的远程服务器文件

put    upload a file from yourlocal machine to the server

      将本机的文件上传到远程服务器

pwd    print your remote workingdirectory

      打印远程服务器工作路径

quit   finish your SFTP session

      退出

rename move or rename a file onthe remote server

      搬移或重命名一个的远程服务器文件

rm     delete a file

      删除一个文件

rmdir  remove a directory on theremote server

      在远程服务器上删除一个目录删除一个目录

 

2、常用的为上传下载

1）、get

从远程服务器上下载一个文件存放到本地，如下：

先通过lcd切换到本地那个目录下，然后通过get file

>> lcd d:            #表示切换到本地的d盘下

>> get ./test.sql　　 #这样就将当前文件下载本地的d盘下

2）、put

是将本地的文件上传到远程服务器上，如下：

>> put               #在windows下弹出选择文件的窗口

3）、lcd

先通过lcd切换到本地那个目录下

>> lcd c:            #表示切换到本地的c盘下

4）、lls

#显示当前目录下的所有文件

5）、pwd

#显示当前目录

 

三、各个用法实例详解

实例1、从服务器下载文件到本机

Xshell 5 (Build 0806)

Copyright (c) 2002-2015NetSarang Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.

Type `help' to learn howto use Xshell prompt.

[c:~]$

Connecting to192.168.56.101:22...

Connection established.

To escape to local shell,press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.

Your current localdirectory is

C:UsersFieldYangDocumentsNetSarangXshellSessions

Type `help' to browseavailable commnands.

sftp:/root> cd /mnt/share 

#远程路径切换为/mnt/share 

sftp:/mnt/share> ls –lt  

drwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       4096 Jun 16 13:39 .

drwxr-xr-x   7 root    root        4096 Jun 15 14:06 ..

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     220151 Jun 15 14:26.goutputstream-ZHJ8IY

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      19362 Jun 16 12:270.jpg

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      16157 Jun 16 13:39Auth Server and SOAP proxy.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      63952 Jun 16 12:29bamquickinstall.pdf

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       7277 Jun 16 13:33DNSmmmS.txt

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       7277 May 12 10:43DNSS.txt

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     111395 Jun 15 15:46libpcap-0.9.4-15.el5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     363677 Jun 15 14:59ppp-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      48430 Jun 15 14:57ppp-devel-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      86211 Jun 15 15:38pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel4.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      86509 Jun 15 14:46pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     220151 Jun 15 13:22Screenshot.png

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      21789 Jun 16 13:39Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxyServer.docx 

sftp:/mnt/share> lcd d:Field est_sftp 

#切换到本地的d盘下Field文件夹的test_sftp文件夹

Local directory is nowd:Field est_sftp

sftp:/mnt/share> lpwd

Local directory isd:Field est_sftp

#打印本地文件夹路径

sftp:/mnt/share> lls

06/16/2016 05:44¤W   <DIR>             .

06/16/2016 05:44¤W   <DIR>             ..

#查看本地文件夹d:Field est_sftp内容

sftp:/mnt/share>get ./0.jpg ./DNSmmmS.txt./pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

#下载远程服务器/mnt/share上的0.jpg、DNSmmmS.txt、#pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm到本地文件夹d:Field est_sftp中

Fetching/mnt/share/./pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm to pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

sftp: received 84.4 KB in0.64 seconds

Fetching/mnt/share/./DNSmmmS.txt to DNSmmmS.txt

sftp: received 7.10 KB in0.02 seconds

Fetching/mnt/share/./0.jpg to 0.jpg

sftp: received 18.9 KB in0.03 seconds 

sftp:/mnt/share> lls –lt

#命令行查看是否下载成功

06/16/2016 05:47¤W   <DIR>             .

06/16/2016 05:47¤W   <DIR>             ..

06/16/2016 05:47¤W               19362 0.jpg

06/16/2016 05:47¤W                7277 DNSmmmS.txt

06/16/2016 05:47¤W               86509 pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

实例2、上传本地文件到远程服务器

sftp:/mnt/share> lcd d:FieldSNINF

#切换本地路径到d:FieldSNINF

Local directory is nowd:FieldSNINF

sftp:/mnt/share> lpwd

#打印本地当前路径

Local directory isd:FieldSNINF

sftp:/mnt/share> lls -lt

02/19/2016 07:50¤W   <DIR>             .

02/19/2016 07:50¤W   <DIR>             ..

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               16157 Auth Server and SOAP proxy.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              464191 Check Plan--Jacky.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              562801 CIMDB ¡V David.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               12031 Disk Full ¡V For All Systems.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              126440 EMMSC--Fox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              115928 ENUM ¡VJacky.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              327650 F-Secure.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              107606 GDS--Fox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              117762 GIMEI¡XFox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              310862 GUP CGUP ¡ΠRay.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              650939 IP call --Sharon.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              779957 Mex health check--Niker.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              124195 NetScout (DPI)¡XFox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              198426 POC--Jacky.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              326368 Radius Proxy -Niker.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              190044 SMTP health check--Niker.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               45643 Stretti DFS¡XSharon.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              233654 Stretti DISC ¡VJacky.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              449498 Traffic Router Health Check¡XDavid.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               21789 Traffic Usage System alarm handling -Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              734859 Video Transcoder¡XDavid.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               14815 Virtual Browser.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               22554 ZMMSC.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              219776 ZProxy ¡ΠFox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              221199 ZWAPGW NZWAPGW ¡ΠFox.docx 

sftp:/mnt/share> put

Uploading Traffic UsageSystem alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx toremote:/mnt/share/Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy,RadiusProxy Server.docx

sftp: sent 21.2 KB in 0.01seconds

#在弹出的Windows框中选择文件上传 注意上传路径与当前路径要相同 

sftp:/mnt/share> put

Uploading VirtualBrowser.docx to remote:/mnt/share/Virtual Browser.docx

sftp: sent 14.4 KB in 0.02seconds

sftp:/mnt/share> put

Uploading CheckPlan--Jacky.docx to remote:/mnt/share/Check Plan--Jacky.docx

sftp: sent 453 KB in 0.05seconds

sftp:/mnt/share> put

Uploading ZMMSC.docx toremote:/mnt/share/ZMMSC.docx

sftp: sent 22.0 KB in 0.00seconds

sftp:/mnt/share> ls -lt

drwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       4096 Jun 16 13:54 .

drwxr-xr-x   7 root    root        4096 Jun 15 14:06 ..

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     220151 Jun 15 14:26.goutputstream-ZHJ8IY

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      19362 Jun 16 12:270.jpg

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      16157 Jun 16 13:39Auth Server and SOAP proxy.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      63952 Jun 16 12:29bamquickinstall.pdf

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     464191 Jun 16 13:53Check Plan--Jacky.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       7277 Jun 16 13:33DNSmmmS.txt

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       7277 May 12 10:43DNSS.txt

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     111395 Jun 15 15:46libpcap-0.9.4-15.el5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     363677 Jun 15 14:59ppp-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      48430 Jun 15 14:57 ppp-devel-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      86211 Jun 15 15:38pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel4.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      86509 Jun 15 14:46pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     220151 Jun 15 13:22Screenshot.png

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      21789 Jun 16 13:52Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxyServer.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      14815 Jun 16 13:53Virtual Browser.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      22554 Jun 16 13:54 ZMMSC.docx

sftp:/mnt/share>

 

实例3、在远程服务器创建删除目录

sftp:/mnt/share> mkdir /mnt/share/test

#在远程服务器上创建目录/mnt/share/test

sftp:/mnt/share> cd /mnt/share/test

sftp:/mnt/share/test> pwd

#查看是否创建成功

Remotedirectory is /mnt/share/test

sftp:/mnt/share/test> cd /mnt/share/

sftp:/mnt/share> rmdir /test

cannotremove /test: no such a directory

sftp:/mnt/share>rmdir /mnt/share/test

#删除刚创建的目录/mnt/share/test

sftp:/mnt/share> cd /mnt/share/test

cannotchange to /mnt/share/test: no such a directory

#确认是否删除成功

 

实例4、在远程服务器删除文件

sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./ZMMSC

#删除远程服务器/mnt/share上的文件ZMMSC.docx，./表示当前目录

cannotdelete /mnt/share/./ZMMSC: no such a file

sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./ZMMSC.docx

deleted/mnt/share/./ZMMSC.docx

sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./Traffic UsageSystem alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx

usage:rm file

sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./DNSS.txt

deleted/mnt/share/./DNSS.txt

sftp:/mnt/share> ls

#查看是否成功删除

drwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       4096 Jun 16 14:25 .

drwxr-xr-x   7 root    root        4096 Jun 15 14:06 ..

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     220151 Jun 15 14:26.goutputstream-ZHJ8IY

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      19362 Jun 16 12:270.jpg

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      16157 Jun 16 13:39 AuthServer and SOAP proxy.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      63952 Jun 16 12:29bamquickinstall.pdf

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     464191 Jun 16 13:53Check Plan--Jacky.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       7277 Jun 16 13:33DNSmmmS.txt

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     111395 Jun 15 15:46libpcap-0.9.4-15.el5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     363677 Jun 15 14:59ppp-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      48430 Jun 15 14:57ppp-devel-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      86211 Jun 15 15:38pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel4.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      86509 Jun 15 14:46pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     220151 Jun 15 13:22Screenshot.png

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      21789 Jun 16 13:52Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxyServer.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      14815 Jun 16 13:53Virtual Browser.docx

sftp:/mnt/share>