5 LAMP配置管理：模块(state、file、pkg、service)、jinja模板、job管理、redis主从

1. 配置管理:state和file

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/topics/states/index.html 

Full list of states

1.state状态模块   

    希望主机，apache ，启动状态，关闭状态，

写法1

[root@linux-node1 web]# pwd
/srv/salt/base/web
[root@linux-node1 web]# vim apache.sls 
apache:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: httpd
  service.running:
    - name: httpd
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
    - usr: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644

Id声明，全局(test，dev，base环境)唯一
Pkg 状态模块
. 引用方法
Installed 模块方法
Name: httpd 参数

2.file 文件管理模块

Name ：管理文件的路径

在id，Apache下，每个模块只能用一次

写法2

[root@linux-node1 web]# vim apache.sls 
apache-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: httpd

apache-service:
  service.running
    - name: httpd

apache-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
    - usr: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644

写法3

没有声明name，id就是name

 apache:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: httpd
  service.running:
    - name: httpd
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
    - usr: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644
 
/etc/httpd/conf/php.conf
  file.managed:
    - source: salt://apache/files/php.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644

 

 2.自动化安装LAMP：状态设计

 

1. Pkg模块

   指定版本

   指定仓库

 

需要安装的软件包

[root@linux-node1 web]# yum install -y httpd php mysql-server php-mysql php-pdo php-cli 

2. jinja模板

监控本地的mac ip

用模板的实现jinja

3.file模块

File可以使用grains

 

4.Service模块

监控文件，文件更新，自动重载服务

 

 3.LAMP的状态实现

学saltstack，学的是思路，三段式

前期版本：

学习状态，先把安装，配置写在一起

三段式:  安装 配置  启动

创建目录

[root@linux-node1 prod]# pwd

/srv/salt/prod

[root@linux-node1 prod]# mkdir apache

[root@linux-node1 prod]# mkdir php

[root@linux-node1 prod]# mkdir mysql

1.apache

# sls 配置文件

[root@linux-node1 prod]# cd apache/

[root@linux-node1 apache]# vim apache.sls

apache-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: httpd

apache-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644

apache-service:
  service.running:
    - name: httpd
    - enable: True

 

source :对应当前目录，相对路径

    - source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf

   你这个环境的根路径  salt:   /srv/salt/

# 配置文件，cp

[root@linux-node1 apache]# mkdir files

[root@linux-node1 apache]# cd files/

[root@linux-node1 files]# cp /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf .

# 执行命令 

默认base目录

[root@linux-node1 files]# salt 'linux-node1*' state.sls apache.apache saltenv=prod

#  test

 # init.sls

[root@linux-node1 apache]# pwd

/srv/salt/prod/apache

[root@linux-node1 apache]# mv apache.sls init.sls

2.php

# php目录

Php不需要启动服务，以模块的方式通信

安装多个，查看文档

 

[root@linux-node1 prod]# ls

apache  mysql  php

[root@linux-node1 prod]# cd php/

[root@linux-node1 php]# mkdir files

[root@linux-node1 php]# vim init.sls

 

# cp php配置文件

[root@linux-node1 php]# cp /etc/php.ini files/

3.mysql

安装 配置 启动

[root@linux-node1 prod]# vim mysql/init.sls

mysql-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - pkgs:
      - mariadb
      - mariadb-server

mysql-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/my.cnf
    - source: salt://mysql/files/my.cnf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644

mysql-service:
  service.running:
    - name: mariadb
    - enable: True

 

 # 配置文件

[root@linux-node1 mysql]# mkdir files

[root@linux-node1 mysql]# cd files/

[root@linux-node1 files]# cp /etc/my.cnf .

4.执行state

文件目录

 

执行

[root@linux-node1 salt]# salt -S '192.168.194.131' state.sls php.init saltenv=prod

[root@linux-node1 salt]# salt -S '192.168.194.131' state.sls mysql.init saltenv=prod

5. 高级状态.

[root@linux-node1 base]# vim top.sls

[root@linux-node1 base]# pwd

/srv/salt/base

 

[root@linux-node1 base]# salt 'linux-node1*' state.highstate

4.  配置管理:状态间的关系

1. Include功能

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/topics/tutorials/states_pt3.html

 

[root@linux-node1 prod]# pwd

/srv/salt/prod

[root@linux-node1 prod]# vim lamp.sls

include:
  - apache.init
  - php.init
  - mysql.init

[root@linux-node1 prod]# vim ../base/top.sls

prod:
  'linux-node1.example.com':
    - lamp

[root@linux-node1 prod]# salt -S '192.168.194.131' state.highstate

2.Extend扩展功能

1. 增加其他功能，修改配置文件，到最终版本
2. Extend 语法

 

需求：只能在机器1上php-mbstring 包

[root@linux-node1 prod]# vim lamp.sls
include:
  - apache.init
  - php.init
  - mysql.init

extend:
  php-install:
    pkg.installed:
      - name: php-mbstring

[root@linux-node1 prod]# salt -S '192.168.194.131' state.highstate

3.Require依赖

需求：if 上个操作，安装不成功或者配置不成功，下一个不执行

（1）反例子

[root@linux-node1 apache]# vim init.sls

 

[root@linux-node1 apache]# salt -S '192.168.194.131' state.highstate

 

（2）依赖于上个操作

[root@linux-node1 apache]# systemctl stop httpd

apache-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: httpd

 apache-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://apache/files/httpd1.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644

apache-service:
  service.running:
    - name: httpd
    - enable: True
    - require:
      - file: apache-config

 

 

[root@linux-node1 apache]# salt -S '192.168.194.131' state.highstate

 

（3）最终版本：

启动 依赖于 安装，配置

[root@linux-node1 apache]# vim init.sls

[root@linux-node1 apache]# salt -S '192.168.194.131' state.highstate

apache-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: httpd

apache-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644

apache-service:
  service.running:
    - name: httpd
    - enable: True
    - require:
      - pkg: apache-install
      - file: apache-config

 

（4）Require  我依赖于谁

Require_in 我被谁依赖

[root@linux-node1 apache]# vim init.sls

apache-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: httpd
    - require_in:
      - service: apache-service

apache-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644
    - require-in:
      - service: apache-service

apache-service:
  service.running:
    - name: httpd
    - enable: True

 

 

4.Watch功能：同时有require功能

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/states/all/salt.states.service.html#salt.states.service.mod_watch

 

该配置文件变化，这个服务重启，重载

[root@linux-node1 apache]# vim files/httpd.conf

[root@linux-node1 apache]# salt -S '192.168.194.131' state.highstate

 

重载

 

apache-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: httpd

apache-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644

apache-service:
  service.running:
    - name: httpd
    - enable: True
    - reload: True
    - watch:
      - file: apache-config

Watch_in 

[root@linux-node1 apache]# cat init.sls

apache-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: httpd

apache-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644
    - watch_in:
      - service: apache-service

apache-service:
  service.running:
    - name: httpd
    - enable: True
    - reload: True

5.  配置管理，状态间的条件判断

需求：Admin输入用户名，密码才能登陆

1.Apache认证登陆

 https://blog.csdn.net/alexander_phper/article/details/52242474

1. 修改配置
2. 用户名密码文件

（1）配置admin页面

[root@linux-node1 apache]# cd /var/www/html/

[root@linux-node1 html]# mkdir admin

[root@linux-node1 html]# cd admin/

[root@linux-node1 admin]# vim index.html

This is admin

（2）配置

# 配置httpd

[root@linux-node1 files]# pwd

/srv/salt/prod/apache/files

[root@linux-node1 files]# vim httpd.conf

<Directory "/var/www/html/admin">
    AllowOverride All
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all
    AuthType Basic
    AuthName "hehe"
    AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/conf/htpasswd_file
    Require user admin
</Directory>

 

[root@linux-node1 files]# whereis htpasswd

htpasswd: /usr/bin/htpasswd /usr/share/man/man1/htpasswd.1.gz

[root@linux-node1 files]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/htpasswd

httpd-tools-2.4.6-89.el7.centos.x86_64

2. Cmd认证模块

Unless

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/states/all/salt.states.cmd.html

 

3.配置init.sls

[root@linux-node1 apache]# pwd

/srv/salt/prod/apache

[root@linux-node1 apache]# vim init.sls

 

4 unless状态判断

If 文件存在：不执行

Else：不存在，执行

 

Unless

条件为假，执行

apache-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: httpd

apache-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644
    - watch_in:
      - service: apache-service

apache-auth:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: httpd-tools
  cmd.run:
    - name: htpasswd -bc /etc/httpd/conf/htpasswd_file admin admin
    - unless: test -f /etc/httpd/conf/htpasswd_file

apache-service:
  service.running:
    - name: httpd
    - enable: True
    - reload: True

test

6 配置管理 jinja模板

需求：配置文件，监听minion自己本地的ip地址

1.学习方法

1 官方文档

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/contents.html

2 配置管理

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/topics/states/index.html

3 file模块

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/states/all/index.html#all-salt-states

4 搜索jinja

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/states/all/salt.states.file.html#module-salt.states.file

2.jinja

Salt默认模板 jinja2

Jinja2 是一个现代的，设计者友好的，仿照 Django 模板的 Python 模板语言。

http://docs.jinkan.org/docs/jinja2/templates.html

两种分隔符: {% ... %} 和 {{ ... }} 。

前者用于执行诸如 for 循环 或赋值的语句，

后者把表达式的结果打印到模板上

如何区分这是一个模板

 

 3. 如何配置jinja？

1. 修改模板配置文件

2 修改sls增加

conf配置

[root@linux-node1 apache]# pwd
/srv/salt/prod/apache

[root@linux-node1 apache]# vim files/httpd.conf
Listen {{ IPADDR }}:{{ PORT }}

 

sls

 

3.验证

[root@linux-node1 apache]# salt -S '192.168.194.131' state.highstate

[root@linux-node1 apache]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

 

另一个方法：（不推荐）

 

7. job管理

执行1次highstate，会产生1个任务

最近干了什么事

装某个东西，太慢了给我，停止

1.查看job

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /var/cache/salt/master/jobs/
[root@linux-node1 jobs]# ls
00  0d  19  27  33  42  50  5a  65  72  7e  8d  9a  a5  b4  c0  cd  df  ea  f6
01  0e  1a  28  34  44  51  5b  66  74  80  8e  9b  a7  b6  c2  cf  e0  eb  f8
03  0f  1b  29  35  46  52  5c  67  75  82  8f  9d  a8  b8  c4  d2  e1  ec  f9
04  10  1c  2a  36  47  53  5d  68  76  83  91  9e  a9  b9  c5  d3  e2  ee  fa
05  11  1e  2b  37  48  54  5e  69  77  85  93  9f  aa  ba  c6  d4  e3  f0  fb
06  12  1f  2c  38  49  55  5f  6a  78  87  94  a0  ab  bb  c7  d5  e4  f1  fc
07  13  20  2e  3a  4a  56  61  6b  79  88  95  a1  ac  bc  c8  d7  e5  f2  fe
0a  14  21  2f  3b  4c  57  62  6c  7a  89  96  a2  ad  bd  c9  d9  e7  f3  ff
0b  16  22  31  3d  4d  58  63  6e  7b  8a  97  a3  ae  be  ca  da  e8  f4
0c  18  25  32  3f  4e  59  64  71  7c  8c  98  a4  b3  bf  cc  dd  e9  f5

[root@linux-node1 jobs]# cd 6c/
[root@linux-node1 6c]# ls
210bdfecd6c424d9d7e1c5bbe2f171  53117bf95a2bea7fbf2d81c8c471ce
[root@linux-node1 6c]# ll 210bdfecd6c424d9d7e1c5bbe2f171/
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 20 Jul 30 22:44 jid
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 35 Jul 30 22:44 linux-node1.example.com
[root@linux-node1 6c]# cd 210bdfecd6c424d9d7e1c5bbe2f171/
[root@linux-node1 210bdfecd6c424d9d7e1c5bbe2f171]# cat jid
[root@linux-node1 210bdfecd6c424d9d7e1c5bbe2f171]# tree
.
├── jid
└── linux-node1.example.com
    ├── out.p
    └── return.p

1 directory, 3 files

缓存时间默认24h

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/salt/master

 2.saltutil模块.job

远程执行

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/topics/execution/index.html

执行模块

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/modules/all/index.html#all-salt-modules

Saltutil

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/modules/all/salt.modules.saltutil.html#module-salt.modules.saltutil 

 

 

Test

[root@linux-node1 ~]# salt 'linux-node2*' cmd.run 'sleep 160'

[root@linux-node1 ~]# salt * saltutil.running

 

[root@linux-node1 ~]# salt 'linux-node2*' saltutil.kill_job 20190731050029734898

 

案例：每5分钟给所有机器跑一下状态

8.总结

1. 作业：saltstack部署redis主从配置

 

 init.sls

[root@linux-node1 redis]# pwd
/srv/salt/prod/redis
[root@linux-node1 redis]# tree
.
├── files
│   └── redis.conf
├── init.sls
├── master.sls
└── slave.sls

1 directory, 4 files
[root@linux-node1 redis]# vim init.sls 
redis-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: redis

redis-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/redis.conf
    - source: salt://redis/files/redis.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644
    - template: jinja
    - defaults:
      PORT: 6379
      IPADDR: {{ grains['fqdn_ip4'][0] }}

redis-service:
  service.running:
    - name: redis
    - enable: True
    - reload: True
    - watch:
      - file: redis-config

 conf

[root@linux-node1 redis]# cp /etc/redis.conf files/
bind {{ IPADDR }}
port {{ PORT }}
daemonize yes

master

slave

[root@linux-node1 redis]# vim master.sls 
include:
  - redis.init

[root@linux-node1 redis]# vim slave.sls 
include:
  - redis.init

slave-config:
  cmd.run:
    - name: redis-cli -h 192.168.194.131 slaveof 192.168.194.132 6379
    - unless: redis-cli -h 192.168.194.132 info |grep role:slave

    - require:
      - service: redis-service

node2上实验命令

[root@linux-node2 modules]# redis-cli -h 192.168.194.132 info

[root@linux-node2 modules]# redis-cli -h 192.168.194.132 slaveof 192.168.194.131 6379

[root@linux-node2 modules]# redis-cli -h 192.168.194.132
192.168.194.132:6379> info [sectio

不需要unless

执行top

[root@linux-node1 base]# vim top.sls 
prod:
'linux-node1.example.com':
- lamp
- redis.master
'linux-node2.example.com':
- lamp
- redis.slave
[root@linux-node1 base]# pwd
/srv/salt/base

[root@linux-node1 redis]# salt * state.highstate

设置node2为主

[root@linux-node2 modules]# redis-cli -h 192.168.194.132 
192.168.194.132:6379> 
192.168.194.132:6379> slaveof no one
OK

 unless应用

[root@linux-node2 modules]# redis-cli -h 192.168.194.132 info |grep role:slave
role:slave
[root@linux-node2 modules]# echo $?
0

Watch

生产不要watch

生产 test=True

不用* 用1个节点

 1.学习saltstack思路：三段式

 

 2.学习模块方法

1 官方文档

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/contents.html

2 配置管理

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/topics/states/index.html

3 file模块

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/states/all/index.html#all-salt-states

4 搜索jinja

https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/states/all/salt.states.file.html#module-salt.states.file