递归方法
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
void swap(int& a, int& b) {
int t = a;
a = b;
b = t;
}
void arrange(int *a, int n, int k) {
if (k > n) {
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
cout << a[i] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
return;
}
for (int i = k; i <= n; i++) {
swap(a[i], a[k]);
arrange(a, n, i+1);
swap(a[k], a[i]);
}
}
int main() {
int a[4] = { 0,1,2,3 };
arrange(a, 3, 1);
system("pause");
}
非递归
void swap(int& a, int& b) {
int t = a;
a = b;
b = t;
}
bool next_permutation(int* a, int n) {
//从后往前找,找到第一个大于前面数字的数
int x = n;
while (x > 1) {
if (a[x] > a[x - 1]) {
x--;
break;
}
x--;
}
if (x == 1) return false; // 没有逆序,直接返回
int y; //从后面找到一个大于a[x]并且是最小的数的下标
int min = INT_MAX;
for (int i = x + 1; i <= n; i++) {
if (a[i]< min && a[i]>a[x]) {
min = a[i];
y = i;
}
}
//交换两个数
swap(a[x], a[y]);
//调转逆序数字后的数组
for (int i = 1; x + i < n; i++) {
swap(a[x + i], a[n - i + 1]);
}
return true;
}
int main() {
int a[6] = { 0,1,2,3,4,5};
while (next_permutation(a, 5)) {
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
cout << a[i] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
system("pause");
}