1. 开发环境:Oracle12、JDK1.8、Tomcat9.0、Myeclipse 2020-12(4.18.0)
2. 开发框架:
模型:beans包和DAO包
视图:jsp页面
控制器:servlets
3. 建立数据库与表,创建数据库连接
3.1 创建数据库实例ORCL,表空间,用户名aml/aml,表。
字段名称 | 数据类型 | 主键 | 自增 | 允许为空 | 描述 |
id | int | yes | 增1 | ID号 | |
username | varchar(20) | 用户名 | |||
password | varchar(20) | 密码 |
3.2 创建数据库连接
- 加载JDBC驱动包:ojdbc7.jar,可从网上下载并保存在Myeclipse 2014默认工作区“C:UserjoinWorkspacesMyeElipse professional 2014(C:UsersAdministrator.A9K9MO0KFT1XUQOeclipse-workspace),同时,将JDBC驱动包ojdbc7.jar复制到项目"WebRootWEB-INFlib"目录下。
- 创建数据源连接:主菜单【Window】,选择【Open Perspective】,【Database Development】,右击Database Connections选择【New...】,编辑数据库驱动如图1.3,其中Driver JARs 即先前存盘的数据库驱动。右击创建的sqlsrv,选择菜单【Open connection...】测试
4. 详细开发步骤
(1)创建Java EE项目:选择主菜单【File】【New】【Web Project】,在【New Dynamic Web Project】窗口中填写项目名jsp_servlet_javabean_jdbc,单击【Next】,在“Web Module"页勾选"Generate web.xml deployment descriptor",可自动生成web.xml配置文件。单击【Next】,勾选"JavaEE 7.0 Generic Library",取消选择''JSTL 1.2.2 Library(除去不必要的类库)。设置完成后,单击【Finish】,生成一个Java EE 项目。
(2)创建JDBC类:右击项目src,选择【New】【Package】,输入包名"org.easybooks.test.jdbc",单击【Finish】按钮。
右击src,选择【New】【Class】,指定"org.easybooks.test.jdbc"包,输入类名"OracleDBConn"。
OracleDBConn.java代码如下:
package org.easybooks.test.jdbc;
import java.sql.*;
public class OracleDBConn {
private Statement stmt;
private Connection conn;
ResultSet rs;
public OracleDBConn(){
stmt=null;
try{
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
//装载oracle的driver类,datacore.driver=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
conn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521/ORCL","aml","aml");
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
rs=null;
}
//执行查询类语句,又返回集
public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql)
{
try{
stmt=conn.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,
ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);
rs=stmt.executeQuery(sql);
}catch(SQLException e){
System.err.println("Data.executeQuery:"+e.getMessage());
}
return rs;
}
//关闭对象
public void closeStmt()
{
try{
stmt.close(); //关闭Statement对象
}catch(SQLException e){
System.err.println("Data.executeQuery:"+e.getMessage());
}
}
public void closeConn()
{
try{
conn.close(); //关闭连接
}catch(SQLException e){
System.err.println("Data.executeQuery:"+e.getMessage());
}
}
}
(3)构造JavaBean:在src下建立包org.easybooks.test.model.vo,其中创建名为UserTable的类,为userTable表构造一个JavaBean,代码如下:
package org.easybooks.test.model.vo;
public class UserTable {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
public Integer getId() {
return this.id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return this.username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return this.password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
(4)编写JSP:
展开项目工程树,右击"WebRoot",选择【New】【File】,在File name中输入文件名login.jsp,单击【Finish】。在代码编辑器中编写登录页login.jsp文件。代码如下:
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<html>
<head><title>登录</title></head>
<body bgcolor="#E3E3E3">
<form action="mainServlet" method="post">
<table>
<caption>用户登录:</caption>
<tr>
<td>用户名:</td>
<td>
<input type="text" name="username" size="20"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码:</td>
<td>
<input type="password" name="password" size="21"/>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
<input type="reset" value="重置"/>
</form>
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</body>
</html>
此页面用于登录首页。同样方法在WebRoot下创建主页main.jsp文件,代码如下:
<%@page language="java" pageEncoding="gb2312" import="org.easybooks.test.model.vo.UserTable"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>留言板信息</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
UserTable user=(UserTable)session.getAttribute("user");
String usr=user.getUsername();
%>
<%=usr%>,您好,欢迎登录留言板。
</body>
</html>
同样方法在WebRoot下创建主页error.jsp文件,代码如下:
package org.easybooks.test.servlet;
import java.sql.*;
import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import org.easybooks.test.jdbc.OracleDBConn;
import org.easybooks.test.model.vo.UserTable;;
public class MainServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException,
IOException{
request.setCharacterEncoding("gb2312");
String usr=request.getParameter("username");
String pwd=request.getParameter("password");
boolean validated=false;
OracleDBConn sqlsrvdb=new OracleDBConn();
HttpSession session=request.getSession();
UserTable user=null;
user=(UserTable)session.getAttribute("user");
if(user==null){
String sql="select * from userTable";
ResultSet rs=sqlsrvdb.executeQuery(sql);
try{
while(rs.next())
{
if((rs.getString("username").trim().compareTo(usr)==0)
&&(rs.getString("password").compareTo(pwd)==0))
{
user=new UserTable();
user.setId(rs.getInt(1));
user.setUsername(rs.getString(2));
user.setPassword(rs.getString(3));
session.setAttribute("user",user); //把user对象存储在会话中
validated=true; //标识为true表示验证成功通过
}
}
rs.close();
}catch(SQLException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
sqlsrvdb.closeStmt();
sqlsrvdb.closeConn();
}
else{
validated=true;
}
if(validated)
{
response.sendRedirect("main.jsp");
}
else{
response.sendRedirect("error.jsp");
}
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException,
IOException{
doGet(request,response);
}
}
(5)编写Servlet:
在src下创建包org.easybooks.test.servlet,在包中创建名为MainServlet的类(Servlet类)。编写MainServlet.java 代码如下:
package org.easybooks.test.servlet;
import java.sql.*;
import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import org.easybooks.test.jdbc.OracleDBConn;
import org.easybooks.test.model.vo.UserTable;;
public class MainServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException,
IOException{
request.setCharacterEncoding("gb2312");
String usr=request.getParameter("username");
String pwd=request.getParameter("password");
boolean validated=false;
OracleDBConn sqlsrvdb=new OracleDBConn();
HttpSession session=request.getSession();
UserTable user=null;
user=(UserTable)session.getAttribute("user");
if(user==null){
String sql="select * from userTable";
ResultSet rs=sqlsrvdb.executeQuery(sql);
try{
while(rs.next())
{
if((rs.getString("username").trim().compareTo(usr)==0)
&&(rs.getString("password").compareTo(pwd)==0))
{
user=new UserTable();
user.setId(rs.getInt(1));
user.setUsername(rs.getString(2));
user.setPassword(rs.getString(3));
session.setAttribute("user",user); //把user对象存储在会话中
validated=true; //标识为true表示验证成功通过
}
}
rs.close();
}catch(SQLException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
sqlsrvdb.closeStmt();
sqlsrvdb.closeConn();
}
else{
validated=true;
}
if(validated)
{
response.sendRedirect("main.jsp");
}
else{
response.sendRedirect("error.jsp");
}
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException,
IOException{
doGet(request,response);
}
}
(6)配置Servlet:修改web.xml,代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>jsp_servlet_javabean_jdbc</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>mainServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.easybooks.test.servlet.MainServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>mainServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/mainServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>selectAll</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.easybooks.test.servlet.SelectAllServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>selectAll</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/selectAll</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
5.部署和运行:
项目最终形成树见下图1.4: