RAC 安装后 sqlplus Connected to an idle instance.

问题，RAC安装后一切正常，但是sqlplus 进入空闲连接

[oracle@hzcity dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Nov 11 18:26:07 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

检查RAC状态，一切显示正常

[root@gzcity 122]# crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name           Target  State        Server                   State details       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       gzcity                   STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       nycity                   STABLE
ora.DATA.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       gzcity                   STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       nycity                   STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       gzcity                   STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       nycity                   STABLE
ora.chad
               ONLINE  ONLINE       gzcity                   STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       nycity                   STABLE
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       gzcity                   STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       nycity                   STABLE
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       gzcity                   STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       nycity                   STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       gzcity                   STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       nycity                   STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   169.254.54.9 10.10.1
                                                             0.4,STABLE
ora.asm
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       gzcity                   Started,STABLE
      2        ONLINE  ONLINE       nycity                   Started,STABLE
      3        ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   Started,STABLE
ora.cncity.db
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       gzcity                   Open,HOME=/oracle/ap
                                                             p/oracle/122,STABLE
      2        ONLINE  ONLINE       nycity                   Open,HOME=/oracle/ap
                                                             p/oracle/122,STABLE
      3        ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   Open,HOME=/oracle/ap
                                                             p/oracle/122,STABLE
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   STABLE
ora.gzcity.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       gzcity                   STABLE
ora.hzcity.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   STABLE
ora.mgmtdb
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   Open,STABLE
ora.nycity.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       nycity                   STABLE
ora.qosmserver
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   STABLE
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       gzcity                   STABLE
ora.scan2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       nycity                   STABLE
ora.scan3.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       hzcity                   STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

尝试将ORACLE_SID 设为ORACLE_UNQNAME，查看各个节点的instance 名字

[oracle@gzcity ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=cncity
[oracle@gzcity ~]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Nov 11 18:45:53 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn sys/oracle@cncity as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select instance_name from gv_$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
cncity2
cncity3
cncity1

SQL> col instance_name for A10;
SQL> col host_name for A10;
SQL> col host_name for A20;
SQL> select instance_name,host_name,archiver,thread#,status from gv$instance;;
INSTANCE_N HOST_NAME        ARCHIVE    THREAD# STATUS
---------- -------------------- ------- ---------- ------------
cncity2    nycity.inno.com    STARTED      2 OPEN
cncity3    hzcity.inno.com    STARTED      3 OPEN
cncity1    gzcity.inno.com    STARTED      1 OPEN

 检查，oracle用户的配置文件

[oracle@hzcity ~]$ env|grep -i oracle_sid
ORACLE_SID=hzcity

原来，oracle的用户环境和系统内的配置文件不一致，按 gv$instance中的各个节点为的INSTANCE_NAME;修改oracle 配置文件中的ORALCE_SID：然后再试后成功

[oracle@gzcity ~]$ . .bash_profile   --更新用户环境变量
[oracle@gzcity ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Nov 11 18:50:40 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

总结，RAC中各节点的ORALE_SID 是按一定的命名规则设定的，不可以更改。