java分享第十一天（接口测试）

 HTTP协议的接口测试中，使用到最多的就是GET请求与POST请求，其中POST请求有FORM参数提交请求与RAW请求（

post请求时有一个选项是form-data，或者raw，使用raw可以请求成功，from-data不知道怎么组装key和value所以一直失败。非常不明白raw是什么意思，google百度都没有相关的解释。后来研究发现，其实raw方式使用的是纯字符串的数据上传方式，所以在POST之前，可能需要手工的把一些json/text/xml格式的数据转换成字符串，是一种post原始请求，区别于form-data这种常用的key-value方式

），下面我将结合HttpClient来实现一下这三种形式：

一.GET请求: GET请求时，参数一般是写在链接上的，代码如下：

public void get(String url){
    CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
    HttpGet httpGet = null;
    try {
        httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build();     
        httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
        httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
        HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
        System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8"));
    } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }finally{
        try {
            if(httpGet!=null){
                httpGet.releaseConnection();
            }
            if(httpClient!=null){
                httpClient.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

 如果想把参数不写在链接上，单独的传进去，则可以这样： 

public void get(String url, Map<String, String> params){
    CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
    HttpGet httpGet = null;
    try {
        httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build();
        String ps = "";
        for (String pKey : params.keySet()) {
            if(!"".equals(ps)){
                ps = ps + "&";
            }
            ps = pKey+"="+params.get(pKey);
        }
        if(!"".equals(ps)){
            url = url + "?" + ps;
        }
        httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
        httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
        HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
        System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8"));
    } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }finally{
        try {
            if(httpGet!=null){
                httpGet.releaseConnection();
            }
            if(httpClient!=null){
                httpClient.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

 二. POST请求的表单提交方式,代码如下: 

public void post(String url, Map<String, String> params){
    CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
    HttpPost httpPost = null;
    try {
        httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build();
        httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        List<NameValuePair> ps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
        for (String pKey : params.keySet()) {
            ps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(pKey, params.get(pKey)));
        }
        httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(ps));
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
        HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
        System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8"));
    } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }finally{
        try {
            if(httpPost!=null){
                httpPost.releaseConnection();
            }
            if(httpClient!=null){
                httpClient.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

 三. POST请求的RAW参数传递 

public void post(String url, String body){
    CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
    HttpPost httpPost = null;
    try {
        httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build();
        httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(body));
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
        HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
        System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8"));
    } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }finally{
        try {
            if(httpPost!=null){
                httpPost.releaseConnection();
            }
            if(httpClient!=null){
                httpClient.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}