• day03--MySQL多实例及多实例主从


    总结:

          · 主从同步依靠IO线程拿取数据,sql线程执行
          · 主从同步之前需要做到主从数据库数据一致,再进行同步操作,可以先对主的数据库导出再进行同步,因为从只会同步主的主从后的数据!!!
          · 主从同步顺序: 主库锁表--查看FILE及Position的值--导出数据到从库--从库同步主库--解锁主库
    

    一、mysql的多实例

    #mysql 多实例,也是多个配置文件启动数据库
    
    mysql多个配置文件:
    1.多个端口
    2.多个socket文件
    3.多个日志文件
    4.多个srver_id
    5.多个数据目录
    

    1.创建多实例目录

    [root@db03 ~]# mkdir /service/{3307,3308,3309}
    

    2.编辑配置文件

    [root@db03 ~]# vim /service/3307/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    basedir = /service/mysql
    datadir = /service/3307/data
    port=3307
    socket=/service/3307/mysql.sock
    server_id=1
    log_err=/service/3307/data/mysql.err
    log_bin=/service/3307/data/mysql-bin
    
    [root@db03 ~]# vim /service/3308/my.cnf 
    [mysqld]
    basedir = /service/mysql
    datadir = /service/3308/data
    port=3308
    socket=/service/3308/mysql.sock
    server_id=2
    log_err=/service/3308/data/mysql.err
    log_bin=/service/3308/data/mysql-bin
    
    [root@db03 ~]# vim /service/3309/my.cnf 
    [mysqld]
    basedir = /service/mysql
    datadir = /service/3309/data
    port=3309
    socket=/service/3309/mysql.sock
    server_id=3
    log_err=/service/3309/data/mysql.err
    log_bin=/service/3309/data/mysql-bin
    

    3.初识化多实例数据目录

    [root@db03 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/service/3307/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/service/mysql --datadir=/service/3307/data
    
    [root@db03 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/service/3308/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/service/mysql --datadir=/service/3308/data
    
    [root@db03 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/service/3309/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/service/mysql --datadir=/service/3309/data
    

    4.授权目录

    [root@db03 service]# chown -R mysql.mysql /service/
    

    5.启动多实例

    [root@db03 service]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/service/3309/my.cnf &
    [root@db03 service]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/service/3308/my.cnf &
    [root@db03 service]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/service/3307/my.cnf &
    

    6.连接多实例并验证

    [root@db03 service]# mysql -S /service/3308/mysql.sock -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
    +---------------+-------+
    | Variable_name | Value |
    +---------------+-------+
    | server_id     | 2     |
    +---------------+-------+
    [root@db03 service]# mysql -S /service/3309/mysql.sock -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
    +---------------+-------+
    | Variable_name | Value |
    +---------------+-------+
    | server_id     | 3     |
    +---------------+-------+
    [root@db03 service]# mysql -S /service/3307/mysql.sock -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
    +---------------+-------+
    | Variable_name | Value |
    +---------------+-------+
    | server_id     | 1     |
    +---------------+-------+
    

    7.mysql多实例设置密码

    [root@db03 service]# mysqladmin -S /service/3307/mysql.sock -uroot password '123'
    Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    
    [root@db03 service]# mysqladmin -S /service/3308/mysql.sock -uroot password '123'
    Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    
    [root@db03 service]# mysqladmin -S /service/3309/mysql.sock -uroot password '123'
    Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    

    8.设置密码后连接

    [root@db03 service]# mysql -S /service/3307/mysql.sock -uroot -p
    Enter password:
    
    #简单连接方式
    [root@db03 service]# cat /usr/bin/mysql3307
    mysql -S /service/3307/mysql.sock -uroot -p123
    
    [root@db03 service]# cat /usr/bin/mysql3308
    mysql -S /service/3308/mysql.sock -uroot -p123
    
    [root@db03 service]# cat /usr/bin/mysql3309
    mysql -S /service/3309/mysql.sock -uroot -p123
    
    [root@db03 service]# chmod +x /usr/bin/mysql33*
    

    二、数据库多实例主从复制

    1.主库操作

    1.开启binlog
    [root@db03 service]# vim /service/3307/my.cnf 
    [mysqld]
    basedir = /service/mysql
    datadir = /service/3307/data
    port=3307
    socket=/service/3307/mysql.sock
    server_id=1
    log_err=/service/3307/data/mysql.err
    log_bin=/service/3307/data/mysql-bin
    
    2.主库授权一个用户,给从库用来连接
    mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'172.16.1.%' identified by '123';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)
    
    3.主库查看binlog信息
    mysql> show master status;
    +------------------+----------+
    | File             | Position |
    +------------------+----------+
    | mysql-bin.000004 |      120 |
    +------------------+----------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)
    

    2.从库的操作

    #从库需要知道的主库信息
    主库的IP
    连接主库用的用户和密码
    binlog信息
    
    1.配置主从
    change master to
    master_host='172.16.1.53',
    master_user='rep',
    master_password='123',
    master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',
    master_log_pos=120,
    master_port=3307;
    
    1.开启IO线程和sql线程
    mysql> start slave;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
    

    3.IO线程不为YES

    1.测试网络
    [root@db03 ~]# ping 172.16.1.53
    
    2.测试端口
    [root@db03 ~]# telnet 172.16.1.53 3307
    
    3.测试主库授权的用户登录
    [root@db03 ~]# mysql -urep -p123 -h172.16.1.53 -P3307
    
    4.反向解析
    [root@db03 service]# vim /service/3307/my.cnf 
    skip-name-resolve
    
    5.UUID相同
    [root@db03 ~]# cat /service/3307/data/auto.cnf 
    [auto]
    server-uuid=527f6221-c286-11ea-9ca7-000c29e19d84
    

    4.SQL线程不为YES

    1.主库有数据,从库没有
    2.从库有数据,主库没有
    #主从数据库数据不一致
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tcy1/p/13283122.html
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