以u或U开头的字符串表示unicode字符串
如果你想要用非英语写文本,那么你需要有一个支持Unicode的编辑器。（了解一下unicode和ascll码还有utf-8）
u'你好' #这里是把‘你好’用Unicode编码
r'
abdcd
ds' #这里加上r表示 把
abdcd
ds看做原始字符，忽略一切转意字符unicodestring = u"Hello world"
# 将Unicode转化为普通Python字符串："encode"
utf8string = unicodestring.encode("utf-8")
asciistring = unicodestring.encode("ascii")
isostring = unicodestring.encode("ISO-8859-1")
utf16string = unicodestring.encode("utf-16")
# 将普通Python字符串转化为Unicode："decode"
plainstring1 = unicode(utf8string, "utf-8")
plainstring2 = unicode(asciistring, "ascii")
plainstring3 = unicode(isostring, "ISO-8859-1")
plainstring4 = unicode(utf16string, "utf-16")
assert plainstring1 == plainstring2 == plainstring3 == plainstring4
# 将Unicode转化为普通Python字符串："encode"
utf8string = unicodestring.encode("utf-8")
asciistring = unicodestring.encode("ascii")
isostring = unicodestring.encode("ISO-8859-1")
utf16string = unicodestring.encode("utf-16")
# 将普通Python字符串转化为Unicode："decode"
plainstring1 = unicode(utf8string, "utf-8")
plainstring2 = unicode(asciistring, "ascii")
plainstring3 = unicode(isostring, "ISO-8859-1")
plainstring4 = unicode(utf16string, "utf-16")
assert plainstring1 == plainstring2 == plainstring3 == plainstring4