nginx平滑升级

1、上传新版本的源码包（旧版本是1.14.2,新版本是1.16.0）

[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz  nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz

2、解压，解压到原路径

[root@localhost ~]# tar -xf nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

3、获取旧版本的编译安装信息

[root@localhost ~]# nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.14.2
built by gcc 4.8.3 20140911 (Red Hat 4.8.3-9) (GCC) 
built with OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module

4、切换到解压路径下编译新版本的源码包，不需要执行安装（不需要执行make  install）

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.16.0/
[root@localhost nginx-1.16.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module && make

5、备份二进制文件，用新版nginx替换旧版nginx

[root@localhost ~]# mv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.old
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
nginx.old
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/src/nginx-1.16.0/objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
nginx  nginx.old

6、查看配置文件，确保正确

[root@localhost ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

7、发送USR2信号

向主进程（master）发送USR2信号，Nginx会启动一个新版本的master进程和对应工作进程，和旧版一起处理请求

[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep

root 4108 0.0 0.2 45028 1152 ? Ss 16:58 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 4109 0.0 0.4 45456 2012 ? S 16:58 0:00 nginx: worker process 

[root@localhost ~]# kill -USR2 4108

[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep
root 4108 0.0 0.2 45028 1316 ? Ss 16:58 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 4109 0.0 0.4 45456 2012 ? S 16:58 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 6605 0.5 0.6 45196 3364 ? S 17:02 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 6607 0.0 0.3 45624 1756 ? S 17:02 0:00 nginx: worker process

8、发送WINCH信号

向旧的Nginx主进程（master）发送WINCH信号，它会逐步关闭自己的工作进程（主进程不退出），这时所有请求都会由新版Nginx处理

[root@localhost ~]# kill -WINCH 4108
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep
root       4108  0.0  0.2  45028  1320 ?        Ss   16:58   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root       6605  0.0  0.6  45196  3364 ?        S    17:02   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      6607  0.0  0.3  45624  1756 ?        S    17:02   0:00 nginx: worker process 

9、发送QUIT信号

升级完毕，可向旧的Nginx主进程（master）发送（QUIT、TERM、或者KILL）信号，使旧的主进程退出

[root@localhost ~]# kill -QUIT 4108
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep
root       6605  0.0  0.6  45196  3364 ?        S    17:02   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      6607  0.0  0.4  45624  2056 ?        S    17:02   0:00 nginx: worker process

10、验证nginx版本号，并访问测试

[root@localhost ~]# curl -I 127.0.0.1
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.16.0
Date: Sun, 18 Aug 2019 13:34:07 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Last-Modified: Sun, 18 Aug 2019 13:26:08 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5d5951f0-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes