Introduction:
将GridView中的数据导出为Excel是web应用中的常见功能。在不同的应用场景下有不同的导出技术。在本文中我将介绍一些导出的技术,希望对您有所帮助
GridView Export the Excel (Basic Code):
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首先看一个基础的应用。创建一个表格,见截图
然后将数据库中的数据绑定到GridView中的数据,代码如下:
private void BindData() { SqlConnection myConnection = newSqlConnection("Server=localhost;Database=School;Trusted_Connection=true"); SqlDataAdapter ad = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Users", myConnection); DataSet ds = new DataSet(); ad.Fill(ds); gvUsers.DataSource = ds; gvUsers.DataBind(); } |
现在,GridView中已经绑定了数据,接下来的任务就是导出到Excel。下面是button事件中的代码
Response.ClearContent(); Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", "attachment; filename=MyExcelFile.xls"); Response.ContentType = "application/excel"; StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(); HtmlTextWriter htw = new HtmlTextWriter(sw); gvUsers.RenderControl(htw); Response.Write(sw.ToString()); Response.End(); |
并且还需要override一下VerifyRenderingInServerForm方法(这一点非常重要,否则在点击按钮后会报错,译者注),代码如下:
public override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control) { } |
点击导出按钮后会弹出对话框,询问您打开或保存。选择打开文件,导出到Excel的结果如下图:
Exporting GridView to Excel With Style:
您是否注意到了以上代码存在一些的问题?是的,ID列开头的0都被截去了。如果你的ID是000345,导出后就编程了345。这个问题可以通过把css添加到输出流中来解决。为了使ID列正确显示,您需要将其储存为文本格式。Excel中的文本格式表示为"mso-number-format:"\@"。
protected void Btn_ExportClick(object sender, EventArgs e) { string style = @"<style> .text { mso-number-format:\@; } </script> "; Response.ClearContent(); Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", "attachment; filename=MyExcelFile.xls"); Response.ContentType = "application/excel"; StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(); HtmlTextWriter htw = new HtmlTextWriter(sw); gvUsers.RenderControl(htw); // Style is added dynamically Response.Write(style); Response.Write(sw.ToString()); Response.End(); } public override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control) { } |
protected void gvUsers_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow) { e.Row.Cells[1].Attributes.Add("class", "text"); } } |
Exporting GridView With LinkButtons and Paging:
如果要导出的GridView中包含LinkButton或者分页(出现分页码时,译者注) 则将出现错误:
通过修改页文件可以修正这个问题:EnableEventValidation = "false".
<%@ Page Language="C#" EnableEventValidation="false" AutoEventWireup="true"CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %> |
看一下导出的文件
在导出的文件中可以看见linkbutton和dropdownlist控件,虽然dropdownlist控件显示的数据的确是用户所选的项,但怎么看也不像是一个导出文件(我倒是觉的挺cool的:)译者注),现在应如何移除dropdownlist并显示选择的文字呢?
我写了一个DisableControls函数,用使循环的方法将linkbutton和dropdownlist替换成literal控件
private void DisableControls(Control gv) { LinkButton lb = new LinkButton(); Literal l = new Literal(); string name = String.Empty; for (int i = 0; i < gv.Controls.Count; i++) { if (gv.Controls[i].GetType() == typeof(LinkButton)) { l.Text = (gv.Controls[i] as LinkButton).Text; gv.Controls.Remove(gv.Controls[i]); gv.Controls.AddAt(i, l); } else if (gv.Controls[i].GetType() == typeof(DropDownList)) { l.Text = (gv.Controls[i] as DropDownList).SelectedItem.Text; gv.Controls.Remove(gv.Controls[i]); gv.Controls.AddAt(i, l); } if (gv.Controls[i].HasControls()) { DisableControls(gv.Controls[i]); } } } |
方法非常简单,只需将linkbuton和dropdownlist替换成literal控件,并将选择项赋值给literal控件的文本属性。该方法需要在导出前调用
protected void Btn_ExportExcelPaging(object sender, EventArgs e) { DisableControls(gvUsers); Response.ClearContent(); Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", "attachment; filename=MyExcelFile.xls"); Response.ContentType = "application/excel"; StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(); HtmlTextWriter htw = new HtmlTextWriter(sw); gvUsers.RenderControl(htw); Response.Write(sw.ToString()); Response.End(); } |
现在的Excel中就只剩下选中文本了